Lesson video

Hello everyone, my name is Miss Butt and today I'm going to teach you some new vocabulary.

I know that you're doing a unit at the moment all about the anglerfish, which is a creature I'm a bit afraid of.

Today, we're going to be learning three words that you could use to describe the water.

I hope you enjoy today's lesson.

Okay, let's get started.

In today's lesson, I'm going to first introduce each new word one at a time.

Then we're going to look at the synonyms and word pairs for each word, and we're going to talk about what those things mean in a second.

And finally, we're going to have a go at applying these new words that we've learned in sentences that would be useful for your unit on the anglerfish.

For today's lesson, you're going to need a piece of paper or notepad to write in.

At the very end of the lesson, I'm going to ask you to write three sentences.

You'll need a pencil, and you'll need your brains.

Please make sure as well that you try as hard as you can to clear away anything that's going to distract you.

I've just put my phone away in my drawers so that that doesn't distract me.

So could you pause the video now and get everything that you need for this lesson and make sure you're ready for your learning.

Okay, let's start thinking about the water.

I'd like you to quickly tell me three things that you might find in the water, off you go.

Wow, great ideas, lots of different variations there.

I've put this picture up because actually, this is one of my worst nightmares.

I've got a bit of a fear of unnatural things under the sea.

So anything, I don't mind fish or whales or things like that.

But if there was like a shipwreck under the sea, or like an old, rusty anchor under the sea, that really freaks me out.

So this would be my nightmare going diving underwater and finding an old shipwreck.

I wonder if any of you are afraid of things in the ocean to, maybe it's just me, maybe you're much more brave.

Okay, here's the key words we're going to be using today.

And I'm going to say them and then I'd like you to say them.

Synonym, word pair, adjective, noun.

Okay, let's go through what these mean.

So a synonym is a word that means exactly or nearly the same as another word.

For example, merry and happy.

You could say Merry Christmas to someone or you could say Happy Christmas.

Merry and happy mean more or less the same thing.

Word pairs are words that often appear together, like a bright sun or a bright moon or a bright light.

Adjectives are describing words.

So if I was going to describe, for example, this mug, I might describe it as being a stripy mug.

And this mug is a noun because it's not a person or a place, but it is a thing.

So a noun is a person, place or thing, and an adjective often describes them.

So we're going to take a look now at our first word that we could use to describe the water.

Before I reveal the word, we're going to first of all look at an illustration.

Here is the illustration.

Now this picture has been drawn especially to show what this word is.

So I'd like you to spend some time now looking very closely at this picture and having a look at what's happening, what do you see? What do you notice? And how do you think these characters are feeling? Could you pause the video and have a little think about this now? Okay, so it looks to me like there are some twin characters here, and they are in, I think it looks like a sort of inflatable dinghy or something like that.

They're in the water.

They look to me pretty terrified.

I can tell that by the way that their facial expressions are.

And maybe the reason they're terrified is because it looks like this water isn't nice and calm and still, it looks like it's quite wild.

I wonder what this word could be? Let's find out.

This word is treacherous.

Treacherous.

Well done.

Treacherous is an adjective so it's a describing word.

It means dangerous or unsafe, like terrifying rapids that might throw you out of your boat.

So now we're going to look at some words that could be synonyms of the word treacherous.

And if it's a synonym, what is it again? Can you just remind me? Oh, that's right.

Yeah, words that mean almost or exactly the same as treacherous.

I'm going to read these to you.

Rapids, dangerous, journey, mountains, risky, ice, conditions, unsafe, attack and enemy.

So what I'm asking you is out of all of those words to identify which words are synonyms, which word means the same thing as treacherous.

And to help you here's the word treacherous in a sentence.

Luckily, the anglerfish have adapted to cope in the treacherous conditions of the ocean.

So if a word here is not a synonym of treacherous then it's going to be one of the word pairs of treacherous.

So I'd like you now to pause the video and see if you can identify the synonyms of treacherous.

Off you go.

Okay, let's see how you got on, the synonyms are dangerous, risky and unsafe.

I could therefore replace the word treacherous in this sentence with one of those words.

For example the anglerfish have adapted to cope in the dangerous conditions of the ocean.

That means the rest of these words are word pairs, I'm going to read them to you now, treacherous rapids, it's when the water's wild, a treacherous journey.

Can you imagine what would a treacherous journey be like? Maybe if you went on a really narrow path that was running along a cliff, treacherous mountains, treacherous ice, treacherous conditions, it's like your surroundings, it could be like your weather, the weather or all the conditions of a certain area.

Treacherous attack and a treacherous enemy.

Now it's really important when we try to learn new words that we say them aloud, because that's the way that we remember them.

We don't remember them just from hearing them or hearing them or reading them, we need to actually say them aloud.

So I'd like you now to pause the video and just like I did, I'd like you to read each word pair aloud.

Off you go.

Well done.

Now I'd like to see if you can tell me, what does the word treacherous mean? Can you remember? Well done.

It means dangerous or unsafe.

Let's have a look at our second water image.

Very different image now, now we're underwater.

What's happening in this picture? What can you see? What do you notice? How do you think these characters are feeling? And how would you describe this water? What does it look like to you? Pause the video and either have a think or just tell me out loud.

Okay, so I can see here, this looks like this animal has put their head underwater and there's a fish right in front of it, but it looks like they can barely see each other because this water is not very clean.

It looks to me quite brown or greeny coloured and maybe quite dirty this water.

So let's see what this word is.

This word is murky.

Murky.

Well done.

Murky is also an adjective.

So it's a describing word, and it means dark, muddy or cloudy, like water that's so dirty, you can barely see through it.

Now, I love swimming in the sea despite being afraid of shipwrecks as long as there are no shipwrecks, I love swimming in the sea.

And I love swimming in the sea when the water is very clear, so that when you can look underneath, you can see your hands or even your toes right at the bottom.

If there's murky water, it makes me a little bit more afraid because I always imagine what could be lurking underneath.

I wonder if you have the same thing.

So let's have a look at which words are synonyms just like we did before.

So here are the words we've got, dark, water, past, depths, pond, atmosphere, swamp, muddy, darkness, cloudy, gloom and sky.

So here's the word in a sentence, these fascinating fish are tricky to spot in the murky depths of the ocean.

So which out of these words do you think are synonyms of the word murky? Can you pause the video and see if you can spot any? Okay, let's see how you got on.

The synonyms are dark, muddy and cloudy.

So we could take out the word murky from this sentence and replace it with one of these words.

It doesn't always work with synonyms, but it often does work because they mean more or less the same thing.

That means that all the rest of these words are word pairs.

So let's read those now.

I'll read them first and then you're going to read them afterwards.

Murky water, the kind of water I don't like swimming.

A murky past.

Now this is an interesting one.

If we know that murky means that it's kind of cloudy, if you have a murky past, it means that again it's kind of cloudy people don't know much about you.

So if you imagine that there was a new neighbour who moved into your town or your village or your street, if you hear someone described them as having a murky past, it would mean that it's not very clear where they've come from or what they've been up to before.

And quite often, it's seen as a kind of negative thing having a murky past because obviously people like to just know the truth about where people have come from or what they're like or what they've done before.

So having a murky past always makes people a little bit suspicious of them.

Murky depths, that's where the anglerfish lives and murky pond, ponds are quite often murky.

A murky swamp, murky darkness, a murky sky, so that's maybe on a really cloudy or grey day and murky gloom.

I'd like you now to pause the video and say these word pairs aloud, off you go.

Well done.

Can you tell me, what does murky mean? Can you remember? That's right, it means dark, muddy or cloudy.

We've learned two of our three words.

So let's have a look at the final image.

Again, a very different image this time.

So what's happening in this picture? Can you be detectives and look at all the things, all the different clues to try to decide what this picture is showing us? Pause the video and have a think or tell me out loud.

Okay, so it looks like this character has gone fishing, they've got their fishing boots on, their fishing overalls and their fishing rod.

This doesn't however look like somewhere where I would want to catch fish.

That's because this water doesn't look very fresh.

There are lots of flies hanging above it.

There's an old tyre in it and there's an old can of something that's 'cause it's got that exclamation mark in that triangle that usually shows me that this might be some kind of toxic substance.

And as you can see, he's pulled out a fish and the fish is dead.

It's just the fish's skeleton.

So this water to me does not look like very fresh water.

I wonder what the word is.

Let's have a look.

This word is stagnant, stagnant, stagnant.

Stagnant is also an adjective and it means stale or motionless like a dirty ponds where nothing is living or moving.

So this image kind of almost implies that this stagnant means that the water is toxic.

And that's not necessarily true.

If something is stagnant, it's more about it being motionless.

Motion is movement.

So motionless is when something's completely still.

Now, the movement in water is what keeps it clean and fresh.

So if you've got motionless water where nothing's ever moving through it or it's never flowing, that's when it can get a little bit stale and a little bit smelly and when things don't really survive there, and that's what this image here is showing.

So let's have a look again at which words are synonyms, pond, water, sewer, lifeless, foul, swamp, air, marsh, stale.

To make it easy for you here's the word in a sentence, these creatures are found in the stagnant depths of the ocean.

If a word is a synonym, we can usually replace the word in a sentence.

So we should be able to take out stagnant and put in the synonym.

Pause the video and see if you can spot any synonyms of the word stagnant.

Okay, let's see if you guessed any.

So the answers are lifeless because we said not many things could live there if it's stagnant, foul and stale.

And that means all the other words are word pairs and I'm going to read them to you.

A stagnant pond, stagnant water or stagnant water.

Stagnant sewer, whoa, I would not want to go near a stagnant sewer I imagine that would be very stinky.

Stagnant swamp, stagnant air.

So if there was a room and you never opened the window the air might be stagnant.

That's why sometimes it's nice to open the windows, so you've got nice fresh air and wind and breeze and movements coming through.

And finally stagnant marsh.

Now a marsh is low lying land which is covered in water.

Okay, just like before, I'd like you now to read these word pairs aloud because that way it will help you to remember this new word.

Brilliant, well done.

So we've now learned our three new words.

And hopefully these will be really useful when you're describing the anglerfish's habitat.

So I'd like you now to see if you can match up the word with the image.

Pause the video and see if you can do that now.

Okay, so here are the answers.

You can see if you got it right.

The first image shows the word treacherous.

The second image shows murky, and the final image shows stagnant.

Now I've got an even bigger challenge for you, I'd like you to, all of my definitions here have got muddled up.

So I would like you to read the definitions and match them up to the correct piece of vocabulary.

So pause the video and have a go at that now.

Let's see how you got on.

Treacherous means dangerous or unsafe.

Murky means dark, muddy or cloudy and stagnant means stale or motionless.

Would you rather go swimming in treacherous water, murky water or stagnant water? None of the options are very good.

I think if I had to choose one though, I'd probably go with murky because I wouldn't want to go in stagnant water and I certainly wouldn't want to go in dangerous water.

Let's have a go now at applying these new words in sentences.

So this first sentence is, the mmmh waters of the deep make this creature hard to see.

There's a bit of a clue there, if it's hard to see, which word is the best fit in this sentence? Pause the video and tell me.

Well done it is murky, because if something's hard to see it shows the water's cloudy.

This ferocious predator finds its prey in this still mmmh shallows of the ocean.

It's a bit of a clue there in that word still.

Which word do you think fits best here? Well done, the answer is stagnant.

And finally, after locating its prey in the mmmh depths of the pitch-black ocean, the anglerfish attacks.

It's a nice complex sentence starting with a subordinating conjunction, after.

Which word fits best in here? Pause the video and see if you can tell me.

And the answer is treacherous.

The clue was the fact that it was pitch-black.

And if something's pitch-black, it sounds like it could be quite dangerous because you can't see what's around.

You could have also said the murky depths or the stagnant depths but I think treacherous fits well here.

So now it's your turn to write your own sentences.

Now, these words are tricky and we've only just learned them or some of them, you may have heard of them before.

So it's really useful to use the word pairs to help you write your sentences.

For example, you could use the word pair ice, treacherous ice.

And then around that word pair you can form your idea for your sentence.

Don't forget your sentences need to have a capital letter and a full stop.

If you're struggling to think of an idea, here is a sentence scaffold that you could use.

As this predator searches in the mmmh conditions, so you could use the word treacherous there comma and then you can finish that off.

This is a complex sentence and we've got two things here happening at the same time.

The predators, as the predator searches in the treacherous conditions, comma what's the other thing it could be doing? So if you want you could use that sentence scaffold to help you.

Could you pause the video now and have a go at writing your own sentence using the word treacherous? Brilliant, well done guys.

Next sentence I'd like you to have a go at writing, is a sentence including the word murky.

Again, use the word pairs to help you.

For example, you could pick the word pair, murky depths, and then you could write a sentence about the murky depths of the ocean.

If you like, you could try and make your sentence about the anglerfish, because then it could be a sentence that you could use in your writing.

Pause the video and have a go now.

Okay, brilliant, well done.

One last task for you to do today, and that's to write a sentence using the word stagnant.

Again, use the word pairs to help you.

For example, you might write a sentence about a stagnant pond or stagnant air.

See if because this is your last sentence, you can make it really ambitious.

Perhaps you could try like I did on the other slide, perhaps you could try to do a complex sentence starting with something like, as or when or after or before.

Pause the video and have a go at writing your final sentence for the day.

Wow, well done, you have worked so hard today.

And you've learned three new really ambitious words.

And I really hope that these words are useful not only when you're describing the water in your anglerfish unit, but also hopefully you can use them more generally.

I think you've worked extremely hard and you should be really proud of yourself.

If you want to share any of your work, you can ask your parent or carer to take a photo of it and upload it on Twitter.

And that way we can see your amazing sentences that you have written.

Thank you so much for watching this lesson and for working so hard.

I hope you enjoyed it and I'll see you soon.

Bye everyone.