Lesson video

Hi everyone, My name is Miss Hummel, and together we'll be answering the question What happens to the circulatory system during exercise? In today's lesson, we'll be learning all about the circulatory system and the effect that exercise has on the system.

First, we will discuss what the circulatory system is.

Then we will identify how the circulatory system connects to the muscles.

We will then be measuring our own heart rate and conducting a small exercise experiment where we will compare our resting heart rate to our heart rate after completing an exercise.

This will be the structure of our lesson.

We will begin by discussing what the circulatory system is.

We'll follow that with how muscles contract.

After that, we will discuss how people measure their heart rate.

And finally, you will do a heart rate test.

In this lesson, you will need an exercise book or paper, a pencil or pen, a coloured pencil or pen, and a ruler.

If you haven't got those things, pause the video now and go get them.

Here are our star words, which are the most important words of our lesson.

I'm going to say them and ask you to repeat them after me.

When I point at myself, it will be my turn, and when I point at you, it will be your turn.

Heart, blood, blood vessels, carbon dioxide, oxygen, exercise, pulse, lungs, substance, circulatory.

Well done.

We're going to begin by looking at the circulatory system.

Now the circulatory system is made up of the heart, the blood and the blood vessels, so it is made up of the, the heart, the, the blood and the, the blood vessels.

Hold your hand out in front of you.

Now squeeze your hand into a fist.

Your heart is about the same size as your fist.

The heart is one big muscle, which pushes the blood to all the parts of the body through the blood vessels.

The blood carries important substances like oxygen and nutrients to the muscles.

What were the substances? Oxygen and nutrients to the muscles.

And it also takes away waste substances like carbon dioxide from the muscles.

The blood vessels are tube-like structures, which allow the blood to reach from the tip of your toes to the top of your head.

Now let's read this statement, which part of the circulatory system is being described? Tube-like structures which allow the blood to reach from the tip of your toes to the top of your head.

Pause the video to answer, and you can resume when you're done.

The blood vessels are the tube-like structures which allow the blood to reach from the tip of your toes to the top of your head.

For this question, you should write what the three parts of the circulatory system are called.

Pause the video and resume when you're finished and ready to mark your work.

The three parts of the circulatory system are heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Next, you should write each sentence and fill in the gaps.

The mm is one big mm that pushes blood to all parts of the body through mm the vessels.

The blood mm are like mm like structures, which allow the blood to travel around the body.

Pause the video again to complete this activity and resume when you've finished, get ready to mark your work.

The heart is one big muscle that pushes blood to all parts of the body through the blood vessels.

The blood vessels are tube like structures which allow the blood to travel around the body.

Our final task for this section is to first read the text, then name two substances carried in the blood.

The blood carries important substances like oxygen and nutrients to the muscles.

It also takes waste substances like carbon dioxide away from the muscles You could have named two of these three substances, oxygen, nutrients, and carbon dioxide.

Let's learn now about contracting muscles.

The human body contains more than 650 muscles.

When you exercise your muscles, you need lots of energy to help those muscles contract.

To get this energy, your heart beats faster to get more blood carrying sugars from your food to your muscles.

You'll also begin to breathe more quickly.

And the reason for that is that your muscles also need more oxygen from the air to be taken from your lungs to your muscles.

So let's go through that again.

So to get the energy, your heart beats faster.

Why does it be faster? Because it needs more blood carrying sugars, and they get that from the food, it's gone into your bloodstream and to your muscles.

You'll also begin to breathe more quickly because you need more oxygen from the air, so you're going to get the oxygen from the air because your heart is pumping that blood to the lungs to pick up the oxygen and then to take it to your muscles.

Now, what substance is carried in your blood from your food? Pause the video to answer and resume when you're done, You should have said sugar.

Sugar is what that blood is taking from your bloodstream to your muscles to power them and give them the energy that they need to contract.

Earlier, we also said that when you exercise, you begin to breathe more quickly.

Pretend like you're breathing more quickly.

And that's because your muscles need more oxygen from the air to be taken from your lungs to your muscles.

At the same time, your muscles will produce something called carbon dioxide, which it needs to get rid of.

Again, when your heart beats faster, it makes the blood move faster, which helps to get rid of this substance and release it through your lungs back into the air.

So when your heart was beating faster, it was doing several things.

It meant that you were getting more sugar to your muscles.

It meant that you were getting more oxygen because it was sending blood to your lungs to bring back oxygen.

But it also meant that when it was going back to the lungs to get the oxygen, it was also getting rid of carbon dioxide waste, which was generated from your muscles.

Complete this activity now.

What happens to carbon dioxide once it's produced in your muscles during exercise? Try and include these words in your answer, writing in full sentences.

You can resume the video when you've finished.

Your answer should have included the following, that it needs to be removed, that the heart is beating faster which makes the blood move faster.

That the blood transfers the carbon dioxide through the blood vessels, and that the carbon dioxide is released through the lungs.

In a moment, we're going to measure our heart rate, but first let's find out how people do this.

To measure how fast your heart is beating, you need to work out how many times it's pumping in one minute.

One method for doing this is to feel your pulse by placing your index and middle finger, that's your index finger and your middle finger, on your wrist directly below your thumb.

Each heartbeat causes a pushing sensation against your fingers.

If you count the number of beats that you can feel in 30 seconds, and then double that number, a.

k.

a.

you multiply it by two, this will tell you the number of heartbeats per minute, which is your heart rate.

I'm now going to show how to do this, and what my resting heart rate is.

My resting heart rate was 24 beats in 30 seconds.

If I double that, that means my heart rate is 48 beats per minute.

Measuring your pulse using your fingers is accurate, but in more modern times, smartwatches often tell you your heart rate.

These help to identify irregularities in your heart rate and measure how hard you're exercising based on your heart rate.

I'm now going to show you a quick video of my smartwatch measuring my heart rate.

We can compare this to my resting heart rate that I calculated This shows us that our technology has a little bit of a way to go to being super accurate, but it was pretty close.

The smartwatch said it was 43 beats per minute, the wrist measurements said it was 48 beats per minute.

Now let's measure our resting heart rate, and our heart rate after completing a small exercise activity.

In this table, we have the at rest column, which is your resting heart rate.

This is your heart rate when you're resting, like sitting reading a book.

Then we're going to compare it to your heart rate after exercise.

This is how you should do it.

You should sit still at your desk and take 10 deep breaths.

So that's one, you need to do 10 of them.

Then you should measure your resting heart rate.

So how many times your heart beats in 30 seconds.

Remember that we needed to use our index finger and our middle finger, and place it in our wrist, under where our thumb is.

Then you should fill in the table for the at rest column.

You should afterwards do as many star jumps as you can in one minute.

And afterwards, you should fill in the table in the section that says after star jumps.

If for whatever reason you can't do star jumps, do another exercise that's still going to allow you to get your heart pumping.

Well now begin your experiment.

You can resume once you've finished.

Now, what did you notice about your breathing during and after the star jumps? Did your heart rate increase or decrease? Now complete this activity.

What is the effect of exercise on heart rate? Include these words in your answer and write a full sentence.

Get ready to mark your work when you resume the video.

Your answer could have included phrases like this, that the heart is beating faster, that it's making the blood move faster, that there was an increase in heart rate compared to when it was resting, that the resting heart rate is significantly lower when compared to the measurements after exercise.

Now read the question.

What do you think would be different for a trained athlete if they completed the same exercise as the one that you did? Pause the video to answer and resume when you're done.

An athlete's resting heart rate may be considered low when compared to the general population.

A young, healthy athlete may have a heart rate of 30 to 40 beats per minute.

That's likely because exercise strengthens the heart muscle.

It allows it to pump a greater amount of blood with each heartbeat.

So it doesn't need to pump as many times as someone who's not an athlete because the heart has got very efficient, in that in one pump, it can pump a greater amount of blood.

We have now finished our lesson, and it is time for you to complete your exit quiz.

This is your chance to see how much you've learned this lesson.

You need to exit the video and complete the quiz to test your knowledge and understanding.

Well done on your amazing effort today.

I hope you enjoyed the lesson.

Bye.