Lesson video

Hello everybody.

It's Ms. Chamberlain-Webber, and I love spelling.

Spelling tells us so much about words.

And today we're going to be looking at adding a suffix to words.

There's two different suffixes we're focusing on, and they're really, really similar.

So we're going to look at some patterns and some rules that are going to help us decide which one to use when we're spelling.

We're going to start today's lesson, with some key vocabulary.

Then we're going to look at some spelling rules and patterns for our two different suffixes.

And then finally, I'm going to set you ten spelling words.

In this lesson, you will need paper and pencils.

Please make sure you're in a nice, calm, quiet space, so that your brain is ready for your learning today.

Pause the video now, if you need to get a pencil or paper.

Key vocabulary.

Here we have three, key words.

Let's look at the first one together.

Noun.

A noun is, a person, place or thing.

What's a root? A root word is the word onto which, a prefix or a suffix is attached.

And today we're going to be focusing on suffixes.

But what is a suffix? A suffix is a group of letters, at the end of a word, that change it's meaning.

Time to investigate.

Have a look at these two different words.

What is the same and what is different about them? Repeat after me.

Brilliant.

Recent.

Have some thinking time.

You might have noticed, that these words have the same word class.

What might that be? They are adjectives.

That is a brilliant piece of work.

I'm describing your work.

Is this a recent piece of writing? I'm asking you if it was written recently, describing the piece of writing, But what is different about these words? They have different spellings at the end of the word.

Wonder if you can remember, what letters string at the end of the word is called.

A suffix.

But what makes these two suffixes difficult to spell? Well, they sound really similar in words.

Brilliant, recent.

And you don't necessarily hear in the word, whether it's A N T, or an E N T.

This means we need to look at spellings and patterns, to help us decide further.

Let's get started on that.

Assist.

To assist is to help or support someone.

I will assist you with that.

Repel means to discourage something.

A reptile's skin, repels predators.

Aims to stop predators.

Let's add a suffix to each of these words.

Assist-ant has which suffix? A N T An assistant, is a person who helps.

For example, he is a teaching assistant.

How about repellent? This one has an E N T suffix.

And is a thing.

For example, you can use insect repellent, to stop insects biting you.

I wonder if you can spot what's happened to the word class, of these words.

Now the suffix and an -ent has been added to them.

Pause your video here, to have a think.

They are nouns.

Assistant as a person, repellent is a thing.

What rules did we see, when we added the suffixes ant and -ent.

For assistant, what happened? For a repellent? Can you think of a rule? In fact, because repel, has a short vowel sound, the L was doubled before the -ent, but for assistant the root word assist, we just added the -ant.

Keep these suffix rules in mind, as we look at our next examples, My turn.

Serve.

Your turn.

They served tea at three pm.

Reside.

This means to live somewhere.

She resides on Baker street.

Now I wonder if you can guess, which one of these words has the -ent, and which one has the -ant suffix.

Servant.

What is a servant? A servant is a person, and there were many servants in the Victorian era.

Reside has the -ent suffix And becomes resident.

A resident is what word class? It's a noun because it's a person.

A resident is somewhere, someone who lives the name of someone who lives somewhere.

He has been a resident for fifteen years.

Remind me of what has happened to these words.

Well, both of had to suffix added onto them.

And most importantly, their word classes changed to nouns.

Now we're seeing a pattern.

So, pause the video here and think about which spelling rules, we used when we added both of those suffixes.

I'll show you them one more time.

So you can decide.

Well, for serve, the root word, which changed to servant ,this time, that E was removed and -ant added.

And for resident, to reside, the same thing happened.

This one's a bit difficult to spot, because actually, the suffix E N T starts with an E, but the E in reside, has been removed.

Otherwise there would be two Es, in our word resident.

So for both these spellings, if the root word ends in an E, remove the E and the suffix.

Time for some more spelling rules.

My words on the left are my root words.

Rely and defy.

What's similar about them? Let's look at what happens to the root words, when we add the suffix -ant to each word.

Rely becomes, reliant.

Defy becomes, defiant.

Can you spot the spending rule? Take a minute to have a think.

Let's look at the spelling rule, on our mind map.

But before we do, remember, the same pattern has happened.

In fact, the words on our left are root words.

Are both verbs, to rely on someone, to defy what they might say.

But they have become nouns.

Would this affect, -ant, reliant, defiant.

Are abstract nouns.

The spelling rule.

For these two was, can you point at it? Remove the Y and change the Y to an I.

I'll show you them again so you can spot it.

If you didn't before.

Your turn to show me, what you know now.

We have two root words.

Urge.

Occupy.

To urge is to want something.

So, do we add an -ent or -ant to this word? We add the suffix -ent and it becomes, urgent.

Something that's urgent to something that needs to be done, now.

Someone wants it done quickly.

Now, have a go, at adding a suffix to the root word, occupy.

Think about the meaning of the word, the word clause, and some of the spelling rules we've been looking at in this lesson.

Pause the video here.

Occupy becomes, occupant.

And this time, it has the different suffix, ant at the end.

Occupy has had the Y removed before the suffix -ant is added.

Also, it follows our same pattern.

To occupy, verb has become, a noun.

Occupant, someone who does live in a certain place.

Recap of our vocabulary.

I want you to read the sentence and add the correct key word into the missing space.

Pause the video here, so you have some time.

Read along with me, please.

Adding the -ent or -ant suffix to the end of the word, sometimes changes the meaning, of the root word, into a noun.

So this isn't always the case.

But, generally, most of the time, a noun is formed with the suffix -ant and -ent.

Don't worry if you're still not feeling confident, about which suffix to choose.

Remember, ant and -ent, is really difficult.

Because choosing the right ending is not easy, as they both sound the same in many words, and are often unstressed.

This means that you can't clearly hear the vowel, a, in -ant or the vowel, E in -ent.

Let's look, at some patterns that are going to help us, choose between the two.

First suffix we'll look at is -ent.

Repeat.

Decent.

Magnificent.

What word class are these words? They are adjectives.

They describe something.

My class, has decent, hidings scales.

That means, quite good and magnificent means amazing.

So pause the video here, and tell me anything similar about these new words.

Well, you might have spotted, they both have a C in them.

In this case, we call this C sound, a soft C, just like the pillow in the picture.

Decent and magnificent actually, sounds a lot like the letter S.

So this may be a rule, for our -ent.

The soft C sound, in a word is followed by the suffix, ent.

How about these two words? Diligent.

Intelligent.

Once again.

What word class are these words? They are adjectives.

This time, you could definitely describe students as being diligent.

Someone who really works hard, and intelligent means that they're very good at doing their learning.

So, what do you notice about the spelling of these words? More importantly, pause the video for more time.

There's another consonant we need to look at.

This time, It's G.

Diligent.

We call this a soft G sound.

Intelligent.

It sounds a bit more like a J.

Not a hard G sound like this.

It's more of a soft J.

So, what do we remember, when we're adding -ent suffixes? We need to remember, that they follow, soft consonants.

Can you remind me of which ones they are? C N G soft sounds.

In this case words with a soft C and G, seem to all be the same word class.

Instead of having, ent change words into nouns, all four of these words are the same word class.

What is that? They are adjectives.

So that's another way we can remember, to use the suffix -ent, in words that are adjectives.

Let's look at the patterns, for our other suffix, -ant.

Applicant.

An applicant, is a person who has applied for something.

Maybe for a new school or for a job.

Significant.

This is a word to describe something, that's a larger amount or something that's very important.

So, what's the difference between these two words.

Pause the video here, and think about that question.

As well as, what you notice about the spelling of these words.

Applicant is a, noun.

Significant is an adjective.

A describing word.

You might have noticed, these two words, also have Cs in them.

But what is different about the Cs in these words? They are a hard C sound.

Just like this rock, hard C sound.

Significant.

Applicant.

When there is a hard C sound, we follow that C, with the suffix, -ant.

Let's look at two more words.

Elegant.

Arrogant.

Pause the video and think about the word class of these words.

Can you tell me what they mean as well? And finally, what do you notice about the spelling and sound, of the spelling in these words? Well, elegant, is an adjective.

It describes something as attract attractive or good looking.

And our arrogant is also, an adjective.

Someone who thinks highly of themselves.

I think they have the same spelling.

Are you spotting a pattern here? The consonant G, is a hard sound in these words, with a hard G, sound.

Not just soft G.

Say the words with me.

Elegant.

Arrogant.

So, I think we can safely say, there's a clear pattern between the two suffixes.

Pause your video now, to have more time to think about this pattern, and tell me what you notice.

ent, has what sound in it? It follows the soft C and soft G sound.

How about our suffix -ant? It follows a hard C , and hard G sound.

Time to show me what you know.

Which of these spellings are vac-ant are correct? Point at the correct one.

Vac-ant with -ant is correct.

Adjacent.

Which of these two spellings are correct.

Remember to think carefully about the sound in the words.

Point at the correct one.

It's all soft C sound, followed by -ent.

For this next spelling, I want you to think really carefully, about the spelling rule.

Observant.

Which spelling of observant is correct? Observant has an -ant added on to it.

But why is this one, with a cross on incorrect? I'd forgotten to do something, haven't I? What have I forgotten to do? Let's look at our suffixes spelling rules to help us.

I'd forgotten to remove a letter.

Can you point at the one? It's the E.

I must remove my E, from observe and add -ant.

How about this next spelling? What spelling rule should apply for the correct one? Point to the correct spelling of excellent? It's with a double L.

In this case, we must double the consonant before -ent.

Because there's a soft C and a short vowel sound for the E.

Which one of these spelling rules applied, for excellent.

To double the consonant.

Time for your ten spelling words.

Here's the list of ten words, following our -ent and -ant suffix lesson.

Don't worry about writing them down now.

You just need your pencil ready, and I'll go through each one individually.

Starting with number one.

Assist-ant.

Be careful writing down this word, because, there is a double consonant, double S and a singular S T.

Now, which suffix has been added to our word assist.

A N T.

Perhaps remembering, that the word assist-ant begins with an A, might help you remember this suffix.

Pause the video, If you still need time, to write down this word.

Number two.

Serv-ant.

This word, has an A before the V.

Serv-ant.

It's a hard to hear sometimes.

So make sure you over pronounce it, when you're spelling it.

Serv-ant.

And once again, this spelling is with an -ant suffix.

Number three.

This one's a bit trickier.

Significant.

How should we break this up when we're spelling it? Well, we could break it up into syllables.

Sig, nif, i, cant.

There are four syllables in this word.

Make sure you're spelling each part correctly as you can copy it down.

In a sentence, we could say, spelling is very significant, to literacy.

Number four.

Arrogant.

What word class is arrogant again? It's an adjective.

To describe someone who has a high opinion of themselves.

It's actually a negative word to describe someone.

What do you notice about the spelling? This too has a double consonant.

Can you point it that in the word? The double consonants, arr, at the beginning of the word.

Make sure you have two Rs before moving on.

This is our final word, with the suffix, -ant.

Restaurant.

Now, I find this word difficult, because of the vowel sound.

Can you point out the difficult part of this word? It's the A and the U together.

For me, I feel like I can't hear that vowel sound very well.

So, perhaps you want to draw the U or the A much bigger, when you're writing it down.

So that you really remember to include both the, A and the U in this word.

Number six.

Recent.

Remind me, what's interesting about the sound, of the consonant C in this word.

It's a soft C.

Therefore we know we must add the suffix -ent.

Number seven.

Urgent.

How about the sound in this word? Urgent has a soft G sound.

So the -ent suffix must follow.

Number eight.

Magnificent.

Another long word.

Perhaps we can break it into syllables like we did for significant, But remember, significant, has a hard C sound, so -ant, but what's different about this word, Magnificent.

It has a soft C sound.

So followed by a -ent suffix.

Number nine.

Diligent.

I hope you're being very diligent whilst copying down your spellings today.

Another -ent suffix.

And finally, number ten, is subsequent.

This one's a bit of a challenge.

It has, an interesting sound before the -ent.

Q sound.

What must we always remember, about the letter Q? That the U follows.

Please check you have, the Q and a U before our suffix -ent.

Pause the video, If you need more time to copy each spelling down.

Congratulations.

You've done a brilliant job, of investigating the difference between the suffixes -ent and -ant today.