to repeatedly and regularly move back–and–forth

Changing temperature

Science

Measuring temperature

Mixing substances of different temperatures

Cooling

Thermal conductors

Thermal insulators

Energy and temperature

Energy and substance

In the Particle explanations of density and pressure unit, they will build on this knowledge to learn how the arrangement and movement of particles in solids, liquids and gases explain density, pressure, floating and convection.

In the Solids, liquids, gases and changes of state unit, pupils learnt to categorise solids, liquids and gases, how the particles are arranged and moving in each state and what happens to particles during a change of state.

This unit explains energy transfer between objects due to temperature differences, through conduction or radiation, the role of insulators, and thermal equilibrium. It covers particle arrangements and motions in solids, liquids, and gases and Brownian motion.

Heating and cooling

What does increasing the temperature of a metal in the solid state do to the particles it is made from?

Its particles each become a little bit bigger.

Its particles push each other slightly further apart.

Some of its particles move to new positions.

Why does a solid expand at higher temperatures?

In how many directions (out of length, width and height) does a metal bar expand when its temperature increases?

Two different sized blocks of pure solid water (ice) are removed from a freezer at the same time. Which block of ice melts at the lowest temperature?

Why does a liquid expand when it is heated to a higher temperature?

Coloured liquid in the bulb of the thermometer is heated.

The coloured liquid expands as its temperature increases.

The coloured liquid rises up a narrow tube in the centre of the thermometer.

The higher its temperature, the higher it rises.

The height it rises to is measured on a scale that shows its temperature.

Sort the following statements into the correct order to describe how a thermometer measures the temperature of some hot water.

The temperature of pure boiling water is {{}}°C.

Human body temperature is normally about {{}}°C.

What is the name of the temperature at which water changes from its solid state into its liquid state?

It freezes at a lower temperature than it melts.

It freezes at the same temperature as it melts.

It freezes at a higher temperature than it melts.

At what temperature does pure water freeze, compared to the temperature at which pure water melts?

To measure temperature of a beaker of water, the water is stirred and the {{}} of a thermometer is put into the middle of it.

Which of the following describes the particles in iron in its solid state?

Changing temperature

Lesson outcome