Hello there, my name is Mrs. Dhami Thank you for joining me for your design and technology lesson today.

Now the big question for today is what is a design brief and how can we write an effective one for our NEA that does not give us tunnel vision and keep us design fixated? Instead, let's us explore lots and lots of design ideas to hopefully produce a really successful solution.

So hard hats on.

Let's get cracking.

Our outcome for today is we will be able to define an effective design brief.

Our keywords for today are design brief, primary user, stakeholders, needs, and wants.

Now we'll go through the majority of these as we go through our slides, but let's just quickly recap on primary user and stakeholders.

So primary user is the main person that you are designing for.

And stakeholders are a person, group, or organisation with an interest in a project.

We have two learning cycles today.

Firstly, we're gonna shortlist design opportunities and then we're going to go on to define our design brief.

So let's get cracking with shortlisting design opportunities.

The big picture for our iterative journey today is we're first of all gonna shortlist design opportunities from your three contexts.

Then we're gonna identify a potential primary user and their initial potential needs and wants.

And then we're gonna go on to create an exciting design brief for your iterative journey.

Now let's quickly recap.

A design brief is a short statement outlining the design opportunity and identifies a primary user's needs and wants.

And then needs are the essential requirements of the person.

Whereas wants are something desired, but not essential for the product to work.

You did a great job identifying lots of design opportunities in the exploration of the three contexts.

So for example, you may have done your work or displayed your work as a mind map and you might have identified the design opportunities perhaps with a different colour or inside a box, or you might have circled them.

So let's take a look at these two from Lucas's Lucas identified that dogs often overheat at festivals when there is little shade.

And he also identified that when using a walking aid in the winter, hands often become very cold.

Gloves are not practical and reduce grip.

Sometimes it is useful to compile all of your identified design opportunities so you can shortlist your favourites.

So that's exactly what Jacob did.

He wrote down four design opportunities from each of the three contexts.

He then shortlisted some and Jacob chose to shortlist three from context A and one from context C.

You can decide which ones you prefer.

True or false? You must shortlist design opportunities from each context.

Have a think.

Come back to me when you've got an answer.

Well done if got false.

And why? It's important to explore all three contexts with an open mind.

But you may find, and you're more of a likely to find, that when shortlisting design opportunities that you naturally lean more towards one context than another, and that is absolutely fine.

Aisha came to me worried.

She says, "I don't know how I am going to pick which design opportunity to start the iterative journey with." So I said to her, "The more interest you have in a design opportunity, the more you love that context and that design opportunity, the more likely you are to produce exciting design solutions." You need to be invested in it.

So it's a good idea to take your time, speak to your family and friends.

This isn't like an exam in a sports hall or a normal school hall.

This is a non-examined assessment, so you are allowed to go out and speak to family and friends.

It's also really good idea to identify someone you know who could be your primary user and/or your stakeholders because then it means you've got real people to speak to and get their opinions throughout the whole iterative journey.

It is really important to identify a primary user, the main person that you are going to be designing for.

Now it's even better if you know that person, as I've just said, then you'll be able to go to them throughout the iterative journey.

Alex says, "I identified the context 'working from home,' but I found many potential primary users who setups looked very different!" Take a little look at these pictures.

You will see a real range of how people work from home.

We've got some people standing up.

We've got some people on a running machine.

We've got one working from a mining board.

Same as me filming this lesson actually.

We've got somebody working outside it.

All of these could be primary users for Alex, but they all approach it very differently and they have very different needs and wants.

And as I say here, different primary users have different needs and wants.

So it's important to identify them so that you can meet their needs and wants.

It is important to identify whom your primary users are because they may have different something and something.

Have a little think.

See if you can fill in the gaps.

Come back to me when you've got an answer.

Okay, fantastic if you've got needs and wants.

It is important to identify who your primary users are because they may have different needs and wants.

Izzy thought about who could be her primary user for her favourite two design opportunities.

The first design opportunity, dogs often overheat at festivals where there is little shade.

Izzy thought she could use her Australian auntie who owns a poodle, or she could use her friend who owns a labrador.

Either could be her primary user.

For her second favourite design opportunity, when using a walking aid in the winter, hands often become very cold.

Gloves are not practical and reduce grip.

So Izzy thought my granddad could be my primary user.

He has a zimmer frame to support him walking.

Or one of my friends who's just broken his leg and is using crutches could also be a potential primary user.

Izzy said, "My granddad lives a few minutes away, so I think it will be easier to identify his needs and wants and then test and iterate my design as I develop it." He'll be there.

So she chose her granddad who has a zimmer frame to support him walking.

She then thought about his initial needs and his initial wants.

He needs to have warm hands due to poor circulation.

He needs something that is easy to use independently so he doesn't have to ask other people for help, and he needs something that encourages him to walk, so he gets about and gets his exercise.

On the other hand, his wants.

He would really like a discreet product that doesn't draw attention to himself.

Izzy says, "My family and I would love a solution as it might encourage granddad to come out more, which the carers and doctors have been asking him to do." Now without knowing, Izzy has just identified three potential stakeholders.

Can you identify them? Have a think.

Come back to me when you've got an idea.

Hopefully you identified family members, carers and medical professionals.

These are all people that would have an interest in a product solution.

Izzy's friend with a broken leg could also be one of her stakeholders, not a primary user, but could be a stakeholder, someone who could also maybe use it.

It is important to identify stakeholders as they will provide good ideas and useful opinions for your iterative journey.

And hopefully this has sparked up a few ideas of who could be your potential primary user and stakeholders.

Task A, first of all, I would like you to compile your design opportunities from the exploration of your three contexts.

Then I would like you to shortlist your four favourite design opportunities, which ones appeal to you.

Then I would like you to discuss your shortlisted ones, your four, your shortlisted design opportunities with your family and friends.

Please talk about who could potentially be your primary users and stakeholders for each.

And then please consider which ones you may enjoy more than others.

Remember, it's okay to talk about it with your family and friends.

We encourage you to do that so that you go along the right iterative journey.

And lastly, we would like you to pick out your favourite design opportunity with an identified primary user and potential stakeholders for your iterative journey.

So it's shortlisting it down and it's choosing your favourite.

Good luck, come back to me when you have done all of that research.

Well done with all your hard work with that.

So answers could include number one, Laura compiled four design opportunities in each context.

She then went on to shortlist two in context A and two in context B, but none in context C.

Now that is absolutely fine.

You're more than likely going to have one or two contexts that appeal to you more than the others.

Laura then went on and shared her four favourite design opportunities with her family and friends to find out their thoughts and opinions whilst considering who her primary user and stakeholders could be and which design opportunity she likes the most.

Hopefully you've had chance to discuss these with your friends and family too.

Laura then chose the following design opportunity and identified who her primary user and stakeholders would be.

Laura decides to go with, dogs often overheat at festivals where there is little shade.

Laura identified her primary user to be her auntie who owns a labrador as she lives close by.

So Laura can go to her, show her design ideas and be part of that iterative process, the whole journey.

As with stakeholders, she chose her Australian auntie who owns a poodle as she's got video calls so she can speak to her via that.

She also identified other dog owners, some of her friends own dogs, and then also vets.

Hopefully you have had chance to do the same, but with your favourite design opportunity.

Onto learning cycle two.

Seeing as you have shortlisted your design opportunities to your absolute favourite, you are now going to use that design opportunity to define a design brief.

So let's get cracking.

After exploring initial investigations, the next step is to create a design brief.

Now a design brief is a short statement outlining the design opportunity and identifies a primary user's initial needs and wants.

This provides focus for researching and designing and will be unique to you.

Nobody else in the class is going to have a design brief that matches yours.

Successful design briefs will be relevant to the context.

One of the three.

Should identify a primary user and their initial needs and wants.

Could identify potential stakeholders.

Provide an opportunity to design a creative and innovative design solution.

Be non-specific as this can lead to design fixation.

We want you coming up with lots and lots and lots of different design solutions.

And it should also be informed by initial investigations and research.

Time for a quick check-in.

Successful design briefs will be, A, non-specific, B, easy, C, relevant to the context or D, non informed? Have a think.

Come back to me when you've got an answer.

Well done if you got A and C.

Successful design briefs will be non-specific, so to avoid design fixation, and also be relevant to the context.

One of the three.

Izzy has gone on to write a design brief for her design opportunity.

She said, "Design a product that clips onto a walking aid with velcro, made with fluffy, insulating material.

The solution must appeal to elderly users." What has Izzy got right? And what has she missed? Have a think.

Come back to me when you've got an answer.

Hopefully you came up with a few ideas for things that she got right and things that she missed.

So she's right, it's relevant to the context.

It's right that she has identified a primary user, but she hasn't talked about what their initial needs and wants are.

She hasn't identified any potential stakeholders.

She has provided an opportunity to design a creative and innovative design solution.

However, she's been a bit too specific, leading to design fixation.

I can almost imagine the product Izzy would make.

I don't want to be able to do that when reading a design brief.

And it has not been fully informed by initial investigations and research.

Well done if you identified similar things to me.

Izzy has another go.

Let's have a read.

Izzy says, "Design an innovative solution to enable hands to be kept warm when using walking aids in cold weather.

The solution must appeal to elderly users, be easy to use independently and encourage activity.

Other stakeholders could include family members, carers and medical professionals." What do you think to that? Have a little think, have another read.

Come back to me when you've got an opinion.

Okay, so hopefully you've realised she's removed the final design idea to keep it non-specific and avoid design fixation.

Well done, Izzy.

She then highlights the needs and wants from her initial research.

And we can see here in yellow, the hands need to be kept warm, it needs to encourage independency and to be able to be used independently and encourage activity.

And then lastly, she goes on to identify relevant stakeholders.

This is a much better example of a design brief.

Let's remind ourselves how can you avoid design fixation when writing a design brief? A, conduct lots of research, B, be non-specific, C, be specific, or D, conduct minimal research.

Have a little think.

Come back to me when you've got an answer.

Fantastic if you got B, a design brief must be non-specific so it does not lead us tunnel vision to design fixation where we can't get that one idea out of our brains.

In task A, I asked you to identify a primary user.

This time for task B, I'd like you to go back to that primary user and identify their initial needs and wants.

Then I would like you to create your own design brief for your chosen design opportunity.

You could use these criteria to help you.

Be relevant to the context.

Identify a primary user and their initial needs and wants.

Could identify potential stakeholders.

Provide an opportunity to design a creative and innovative design solution.

Be non-specific as this can lead to design fixation.

And lastly, be informed by initial investigations and research.

Good luck, I look forward to hearing all about your different design briefs.

Well done with all your hard work on that.

So part one, let's remind ourselves.

Needs are the essential requirements of the person.

Wants are something desired but not essential.

So hopefully you have identified the needs and wants of your identified primary user.

Part two, I then ask you to define your own design brief.

And you might have used these criteria to help you.

Be relevant to the context.

Identify a primary user and their initial needs and wants.

Could identify potential stakeholders.

Provide an opportunity to design a creative and innovative design solution.

Be non-specific as this can lead to design fixation.

Be informed by initial investigations and research.

Now remember, every design brief in your class will be different.

And that is okay.

That's a good thing.

Well done, folks.

This brings our lesson to a close.

So let's summarise.

Firstly, a primary user is the main person you are designing for.

Needs are the essential requirements of the person.

Wants or something desired but not essential.

Different primary users have different needs and wants.

A design brief is a short statement outlining the design opportunity and identifies a primary user's initial needs and wants.

To be successful, a design brief also needs to be relevant to the context, be non-specific to avoid design fixation and be informed by initial investigations and research.

And remember, you do not need to know or be fixated on what to design yet.

Well done, folks.

Thank you for joining me for your lesson and I look forward to seeing you next time.