Hi, everyone, I'm Mrs. Courts and I'm very excited to join you for today's lesson on designing a vehicle.

This is part of the wheels and axles vehicles unit.

Our lesson outcome for today is I can design a vehicle and create the chassis.

We have five new keywords for today.

I'll say them first and then you repeat them after me.

Are you ready? Super.

Vehicle.

Vehicle.

A vehicle is a machine with wheels used for transporting people or goods.

That means taking them from one place to another.

Design.

Design.

Design is the process of creating a plan for a product or structure.

Joint.

Joint.

The joint is a point at which two parts a structure are joined together.

Reinforce, reinforce.

Reinforce is to strengthen or support an object or structure.

And finally, body.

Body.

Body is the main structure of a vehicle that holds its components.

Well done and great listening.

We have two parts to our lesson today, two learning cycles and our first learning cycle is called designing a vehicle.

Before creating a vehicle, it is important to make a design.

A design needs to be detailed, clearly show what the designer would like to build and show any materials or tools required for the job.

These vehicles are all designed for different uses.

Have a little look at them.

These vehicles are all different heights, sizes and lengths.

The car is a smaller vehicle.

It has doors and a boot, smaller wheels, all the same size, and glass all the way around.

The tractor has a tall cab area and a lower engine area.

It has big wheels on the back and smaller wheels on the front.

And finally, the bus is a long vehicle.

It's got lots of glass and wheels spaced apart.

Design specifications help the designer to create great designs and produce good quality finished products through checking against the specification throughout the process.

Finally, the designer can use the design specification for evaluations and feedback.

Jacob says, "Design specifications are very important and we must use them to help us to design our vehicles." This is Sofia's design specification.

You might have completed a design specification already.

Sofia says, "Who is your vehicle for?" And she says, "It is for my brother.

He is four." What type of vehicle do you want to make.

"A bus.

He likes buses." What special things do you want your vehicle to have or to do? She says, "It has got to be a double decker bus.

It needs four wheels and two axles and I want it to have wheels that turn." Will you use recyclable materials for your bus? "Yes," says Sofia.

Well done, Sofia.

A lovely design specification.

We're ready for our first check for understanding.

Are you sitting comfortably? Brilliant.

This is a true or false question.

Design specifications help designers create objects that people want.

Is this true or false? Design specifications help designers create objects that people want.

Is this true or false? Pause the video now and have little think.

Welcome back.

Did you get the answer? So true or false? Design specifications help designers create objects that people want is true.

Why is it true? That's right because design specifications help designers to make things that people want and will use.

For example, designing and making a toy train to use on a toy train track is suitable for little children.

To create the design for the body of the vehicle, we need to think about the following.

The type of vehicle you are making, the features, such as windows, doors, sirens, number plates, the colour of the vehicle, the materials that you want to use for the vehicle, the size of the vehicle.

Laura says, "Always have in mind your design specification." You're right Laura.

That's very important.

After considering the design specification and what your design might look like, it's now time to sketch your ideas.

Sofia says, "This is my red bus." That is a lovely bus, Sofia.

Well done.

Designers need to think about how they'll get the vehicle to move.

The vehicle needs to have wheels.

What will you make them from? What size will they be? What will you decorate them with? The chassis, what'll we use for the chassis and what shape will it be? Axles, what will you use for the axles? And axle holders, how will you join your axles to the chassis and what will you make them from? To sketch a vehicle, first sketch a chassis, and then choose your key parts.

Here is a sketch of the chassis and here is a list of the key parts.

The chassis is made from.

The wheels are made from.

The axles are made from.

And the axle holder are made from.

We're ready for our next check for understanding now.

This is another true or false question.

Are you ready? It is important to sketch ideas before making.

Is this true or false? It is important to sketch ideas before making.

True or false? Pause the video now and have a little think.

Welcome back.

So true or false, it is important to sketch ideas before making is true.

Why is it true? Brilliant.

It is true because this helps designers to create something that is what the user wants and gives an opportunity to think about the details needed in the design.

Well done, everyone.

We're ready for our first task now, task A.

Are you sitting comfortably? Brilliant.

Number one, using your design specification, sketch two or three designs for the chassis and the body of your vehicle.

Then number two, choose the design that best matches your design specification.

And number three, using your chosen design, list materials and choices for your chassis.

Pause the video now and complete task A.

Welcome back.

Well, by now, you should have sketched two or three designs for the chassis and the body of your vehicle, chosen your favourite design, the one that matches your design specification the best, and then listed your materials and choices for your chassis.

Well, Sofia enjoyed sketching out different designs based on her design specification.

After sketching a few different designs, Sofia decided on this design because it matched her design specification.

I noticed there, Sofia, you've made it into a double decker bus because that was what was on your design specification.

She then made a list of materials needed for the final design.

If you look at the materials list, you'll see Sofia needs a tall, strong box, foil for the windows, red paint, white ribbon, grey paint, and pipe cleaners for washers.

Sofia then finished the sketch for her chassis and listed her chassis choices.

She decided the chassis would be made from a cardboard box.

The wheels are made from wooden discs and the axles made from pre-cut wooden dowels.

The axle holders will be made from thick straws.

Well done, Sofia, you've worked very hard.

We're ready for our second learning cycle, reinforcing the chassis.

Sofia is making a bus and therefore, she has already chosen to use a cardboard box, and this box is tall and sturdy and will be for the chassis and the body of her bus.

Jun says, "What is the body of a vehicle?" That's a good question there, Jun? Well, the body of a vehicle is the main structure of the vehicle that holds its components, such as the doors, the windows, and the wipers.

Sofia decided that a tall, strong box would be an ideal body for her double decker bus.

Can you see that picture of the double decker bus and her materials listed? Well done.

Cardboard is a brilliant material for making many things.

However, it often needs to be reinforced.

Jun says, "What does reinforced mean?" Do you know what reinforced means? Super.

Well, reinforced means to make something stronger and more stable.

Well done, everyone.

Joints are where the material is joined together.

Can you see the picture of the box? Well, the joints are where the cardboard joins together to make the box.

The flat piece of card is folded and the joints are where it's folded together and joined, and that's the joints.

Jun says, "I could reinforce the joints." Reinforcing the joints will make them stronger and more stable so they will not tear or bend.

Well done, Jun.

We're ready for our next check for understanding.

Are you sitting comfortably? Brilliant.

Reinforced means.

Is it A, to make something longer, B, to make something bigger or C, to make something stronger and more stable? Pause the video now and have a little think.

Welcome back.

So reinforced means.

Did you get the answer right? Yes, it means to make something stronger and more stable.

Well done.

If the chassis and the body of the vehicle are not reinforced, they won't be strong enough to hold the axle holders and the axles and the wheels won't be able to turn properly.

Jun says, "What happens if the chassis is not reinforced?" Well, Jacob says, "The vehicle will not work very well.

It might crease or fold, bend or break." Oh dear.

Through using a range of different joining techniques, you can add extra detail or support to your vehicle.

These triangles are right-angled triangles, and triangles are a good way to add extra support and strength and join pieces of card together.

This method is called triangulation.

A right-angled triangle is a triangle that has a 90-degree angle in the corner.

Can you see where it's marked with a little square in the corner of that triangle? That shows its 90 degrees.

Lucas says, "It looks like the bottom of a piece of paper.

This angle is 90 degrees." Well done, Lucas.

Triangulation is a good way to reinforce many materials, including card and also wood.

By adding the triangles to corners and around the corners, the corners can be made stronger, stiffer, and more stable.

Although this example uses pieces of wood, the same approach can be used with a cardboard box or built chassis.

Here's the cardboard triangles added to both sides and this reinforces it.

This is called triangulation.

Well done.

Triangulation can be added to the outside or the inside corners of a chassis or body.

The cardboard pieces are cut into triangles.

And using joining methods, they can be attached to the outside or the inside of the chassis.

Cardboard rectangles can also be used to add strength to the chassis or body of a vehicle.

And through layering the card, it makes it thicker, increasing the strength, and it stops it from tearing and bending as easily.

To add extra strength using rectangles, the card pieces are cut into rectangles and then similar to the corrugated card, the card can be built up in layers to add extra strength.

To add extra strength using card, corrugated card is layers of card put together to create a stronger piece of card, but the corrugated card has this fluted layer in the centre to add strength between two pieces of card.

We're ready for our next check for understanding now.

Which of these pictures shows triangulation? Is it A, B, or C? Pause the video and have a little think.

Welcome back.

Which of these showed triangulation? You're right.

It is B.

Well done.

Triangles are a good way to add extra support and this method is called triangulation.

Well done.

These are all ways to join materials and work very well with both cards and paper.

Double-sided tape, glue stick, masking tape, PVA glue, staples, and sticky tape.

To join card or paper for the triangulation or rectangle strengthening, the simple joining methods would be sticky tape, masking tape and glue stick.

The harder joining methods would be the stapler, double-sided tape and the PVA glue.

We're ready for our next task, task B.

Are you sitting comfortably? Brilliant.

I would like you, in number one, to make the chassis of your vehicle using either card pieces or a recycled box and use the triangulation and layering techniques to reinforce it.

And then number two, I'd like you to test the reinforced box by squeezing the sides to see how much it bends.

Is it stable? Does it stay in the right shape and can you make it any stronger? Pause the video now and join me when you've completed task B.

Welcome back.

Well, by now, you should have chosen your chassis of your vehicle, and you should have strengthened it using the triangulation and layering techniques to reinforce it.

Did you manage to test it? Brilliant.

The children reinforced and tested their boxes.

Jun said, "It was interesting, adding the triangles strengthened the box." Jacob said, "I found the PVA glue quite messy, but when it dried, it held the triangles in place very well.

It made the chassis very strong." Well done, Jacob.

And Sofia said, "I used the triangulation method to add strength to the sides of my chassis.

I used masking tape so I can paint it in after." That's a very good point, Sofia.

Well done.

We've reached the end of our lesson for today and hope you've had lots of fun.

I wonder if you can show me a thumbs up if you think that you've met these learning points.

Are you listening carefully? Super.

A design specification can help a designer to design and make a vehicle for a specific use.

Well done.

Right-angled card triangles, the triangulation method, can be used to make a frame or joint more stable and stronger.

Brilliant.

And different joining methods can be used to secure a joint.

Brilliant.

Well, thank you very much for all of your hard work and I'll see you soon.

Bye.