The minuend is the number being subtracted from.

A subtrahend is a number subtracted from another.

The difference is the result after subtracting one number from another.

A constant is a quantity that has a fixed value that does not change or vary, such as a number.

Explain how increasing or decreasing the minuend affects the difference

Maths

Explain and represent constant difference for subtraction

Explain how constant difference can make written calculations more efficient

Use constant difference to balance equations and find unknowns

Solve subtraction calculations mentally by using known facts

Explain how adjusting the minuend can make mental calculation easier

Explain how adjusting the subtrahend affects the difference: reduction structure

Explain how adjusting the subtrahend affects the difference: partitioning

Calculate the difference using knowledge of an adjusted subtrahend: difference structure

Use equivalence and compensation strategies to solve subtraction problems in a range of contexts

In this unit pupils will explain how increasing or decreasing the minuend affects the difference and solve subtraction calculations mentally using known facts explaining how adjusting the minuend can make mental calculation easier In the future unit pupils will explain how to balance equations with addition or subtraction expressions and use their knowledge of balancing equations to solve problems

In the prior unit pupils used the concept of same sum to simplify and solve addition problems  In this unit pupils will explain how increasing or decreasing the minuend affects the difference and solve subtraction calculations mentally by using known facts explaining how adjusting the minuend can make mental calculation easier

In this unit pupils will explain how increasing or decreasing the minuend affects the difference and solve subtraction calculations mentally by using known facts explaining how adjusting the minuend can make mental calculation easier.

Use equivalence and compensation to simplify and solve subtraction problems

True or False? 
If the minuend is adjusted and the subtrahend stays the same then the difference has to be adjusted by the same amount.

What were the difference and subtrahend adjusted by in the bar model shown? {{ }} p

What were the difference and subtrahend adjusted by in the bar model shown?

Jun and Alex play an arcade game. Jun scores 35,003 points and Alex scores 17,002 points. At the end, Jun gets a penalty points reduction of 3,000 points. How much did Jun win by?

At the gift shop on a residential week, Alex has £12.50 and Jun has £7.99 left to spend. Alex wins a £5 shop gift voucher in a dress-up-as-an-animal competition.
How much more does Alex have now?

In the following equation, which number is the minuend?
10 − 3 = 7

Solve the following calculation using a mental strategy.
56 − 32 = {{ }}

Solve the following calculation using a mental strategy.
{{ }} = 107 − 34

Solve the following calculation using a mental strategy.
111 − 38 = {{ }}

Solve the following calculation using a mental strategy.
{{ }} = 2,010 − 99

Tick the expressions which are equivalent.

Explain how increasing or decreasing the minuend affects the difference

Lesson outcome