Hello, thank you for joining me for today's Design and Technology lesson.

My name's Mrs. Fletcher and I'm here to help and guide you through your learning today.

Today's lesson is called "Fabric decorative techniques" and is part of the "2D shapes to 3D products: stationary storage" unit.

In this lesson we'll get to see how we can finish our stationary storage products to make them look more effective and to personalise them to our own designs.

So let's have a look at what we'll be learning about today.

The outcome of today's lesson is I can select finishing techniques to improve my textile product.

So that means we're going to choose some ways to make our finished product look more effective and to personalise it, so we'll be choosing some methods that we would like to use to help us to do that.

There are some keywords and phrases that we're going to need in today's lesson, so let's have a look at those first before we start.

First of all, we have the word apply.

Can you repeat that after me? Apply.

Well done, and apply means to put something onto something else.

So if we're going to apply something to our product, we're going to put something else onto it.

Then we've got the word applique.

Can you repeat that? Applique.

Well done, and applique is a method of glueing or sewing fabric shapes or designs onto another piece of fabric.

Then we've got the word embroidery.

Can you repeat that? Embroidery.

Well done, and embroidery means making pictures or patterns using stitches.

It's a method of sewing to make a picture or a pattern.

And then finally we've got the word decorative.

Can you repeat that? Decorative.

Well done, and that means details that are added to something just for the way they look, so it doesn't really have a function other than to look nice.

There are going to be two parts to today's lesson.

First of all, we're going to look at applying the fasteners to our finished products, and then we're going to look at those decorative finishing techniques to personalise and finish our products.

So let's get started with applying fasteners.

After the fabric pieces of a stationary storage product have been assembled and joined together using your sewing techniques, a fastener can be applied.

So remember, applied means to put onto something else.

So if we're applying a fastener, we're putting it onto our product.

So here you can see this stationary storage product has a button fastener that's been applied to the flap.

The fastener is a functional piece, which means it has a job, and it keeps the stationary secure inside, it fastens the product up to secure that stationary inside.

These are the most common types of fastener that you see used on stationary storage products.

We usually see buttons like this one here, snap buttons, which are sometimes known as poppers, zips or hook and loop fasteners.

So there are other types of fasteners that you see sometimes, but those are the most common ones that you'll see and the most common ones that we can use in our own stationary storage products.

Quick check then.

Which of these is not a fastener that's commonly used on stationary storage products? Is it a zip, a snap button, or laces? Which one is not commonly seen? Pause the video and have a think.

Okay, welcome back, what did you think? Well done if you said laces, of course.

You may see a pencil case fastened with laces, but it's not the most common type of fastener used.

So we're going to have a look at how to apply those four different types of common fastener to our stationary storage product, so we'll start by looking at how to apply a button fastener.

So step number one is to mark where your button is going to go and the buttonhole, 'cause don't forget if you're using a button fastener, it needs a buttonhole to push it through.

So you're going to mark on the main body of your pencil case where the button needs to be and then check by folding over the flap where the buttonhole will need to be to allow the button to pass through, and make a mark in the flap where the buttonhole will go.

You then need to draw a line on that mark to the same length, the same width as the button that you're using.

So measure the button and make a line the same length on that flap 'cause that's going to be the buttonhole, it needs to be the same size as the button that you're using.

Step number two, you're going to sew that button into place by repeatedly passing the needle and thread through the buttonholes and through that piece of fabric that you're sewing it to.

Don't forget to secure the thread first by doing a couple of stitches in the same spot before you start going through the button.

And make sure you don't sew through both pieces of your stationary storage products.

You only want to sew through that first piece of fabric on the front.

Otherwise you'll join both pieces together and you won't be able to get anything inside your pencil case.

So make sure you're only sewing onto one piece of fabric.

And then for the final step, you're going to pinch together and cut along that line that you drew for your buttonhole and that will create the buttonhole, and just check it's wide enough for the button to pass through.

If it's not, you can snip it a little bit larger.

It doesn't matter if you've made it a little bit too big, it should be fine.

But if it's a little bit too small, just snip a little bit more to make sure that button can pass through easily.

So let's have a look at how to apply a snap button fastener, so this is a different method than applying a button and buttonhole, so let's have a look at how we do this.

So first of all, you're going to mark using a pen where the two separate parts of the snap button fastener are going to go.

So remember, a snap button fastener is made up of a stud and a socket, two separate parts, and they fit into each other.

So one is going to be on the main body of your case and the other's going to be on the flap so that they can be pushed together, and make a mark where each one is going to go.

Step number two, you're going to use the snap button pliers, so that's the special tool that you need to apply these type of fasteners, to apply the socket onto one side and the stud onto the other side using the marks that you made in step one.

You might want to get an adult to show you how to do this if you haven't used them before.

And then step number three is to check that the two parts of your stud fastener line up and fasten.

Now you might have more than one snap button fastener in your design in order to fasten the flap more securely, so you need to follow those steps for each snap fastener that you apply to your pencil case.

So if you've got three, you'll need to do that process three times.

If you've only done it once, then you'll only need to do it one time.

Let's have a look at how to apply a zip fastener now.

So a zip fastener is a little bit more tricky to apply than the buttons and the snap buttons.

First of all, you're going to need to measure the opening of your storage case.

You're going to need to see how big the gap is that you need to close using the zip, and you're going to cut your zip to the same length.

Because your pencil case will be a different size to the zip that you've probably got to use, you'll need to cut it to the right size.

Don't make it too small because we don't want to have any gaps.

Make sure you measure accurately so it's the right size for the opening.

Step number two, you're going to use pins or clips to hold the fabric sections of the zip, so that's the pieces on either side of the zipper section, hold those in place to the fabric pieces of your storage case.

So there should be one on each side of the opening of your pencil case, so you're just going to pin that into place to keep it in the right place ready for joining.

Then you're going to need to stitch it into place, so you're going to use a small running stitch with the stitches very close together to sew a line joining the zip fabric to the case fabric, and then you're going to remove the pins once you've done that.

So you need to sew along both edges of your pencil case opening where the zip fabric is attached and then take those pins out.

So a little bit trickier, so take your time if you're using that method.

Then finally let's look at how we apply a hook and loop fastener to a stationary storage product.

So first of all, just like with the zip, you need to measure where you want the hook and loop to go.

Now you can run it the entire length of your flap or you could just do it in two or three smaller sections, so it's up to you whether you do it in one or two or three pieces.

You need to cut the sections of your hook and loop fastener to the correct size, so either one long piece or smaller pieces.

Make sure you've got both sections of the hook and loop fastener.

The fluffy part and the the hook part need to be cut to the same size so that they can be joined to work together.

Then you need to secure those hook and loop sections into place using pins or double-sided tape, so you need the fluffy side on one part of your pencil case and then you need the hook side on the flap or the opposite side of your pencil case so that when they come together, they will stick together.

And then finally, just like with the zip, you need to use a small running stitch to sew around the edge of each of those hook and loop sections and then remove the pins.

So once you've fastened it using a sewing technique, then you need to take the pins out so it's ready to use.

And if you've used that running stitch all the way along, then that hook and loop section should be really securely fitted into place.

Quick check then.

Which fastener does this tool help us to apply? Does it apply hook and loop, snap buttons, or buttons? Pause the video and have a think.

Okay, well done, what did you think? Well done if you said it was snap buttons, exactly, that is the tool used to apply snap button fasteners.

Time for a task now in this first part of the lesson.

So first of all you're going to select the fastener from your stationary storage design, so you may already have chosen which type of fastener you want to use, so you need to get that fastener ready to assemble onto your product.

And you're going to use the correct method to apply it.

So if you're using a button, you're going to sew it on.

If you're using the snap buttons, you're going to use the plier tool to apply it.

If you're using zips or hook and loop fasteners, then you will need that long running stitch to help you sew it into place.

So that's the first part of your task.

Once you've done that, you're going to test the fastener by opening and closing your product several times.

Maybe get your partners have a look how secure is your fastener when you open and close the product.

Does it stay in place? If not, how can you make it work more effectively? Does it need securing a little bit more? Is it the wrong fastener for your design? Do you need more to make it more secure? How can you make it more effective? So applying and testing is the aim of this task in this part of the lesson.

Pause the video while you have a go and come back when you've done.

Okay, welcome back, how did you get on? Hopefully you have a secure fastener on your stationary storage product now, just like Jun.

So Jun's design had a snap button fastener and he mapped the position and used the pliers to apply the socket to the flap and the stud to the main body, so you can see there he's got the stud and the socket in place.

And then Jun checked they were applied correctly by testing how it worked, or by opening and closing the product several times he could see that it worked effectively, it lined up and it stayed in place where he needed to.

Make sure you've checked yours to make sure it stays in place and it does everything it's supposed to do.

Time for the second part of the lesson now.

So we're going to be looking at those decorative finishing techniques that we can use to personalise our products and to make it look more effective.

Now we have a functioning stationary storage product, so that means a working product.

There are a couple of finishing techniques that we can use to make sure it looks as effective as possible.

Jun is telling us that we can neaten up any unfinished edges or loose threads to make it look nice and tidy, and Aisha is telling us that we can add some extra decorative details.

So remember that word decorative means something that's added just to make something look nice, so it's just added for how it looks, not how it works.

Tidying up the raw, unfinished edges, so that's edges where the threads are loose or there's no decorative stitching to make it look nice, can improve the look of a product.

So here we can see on Jun's example that he could use some kind of decorative stitch, like a blanket stitch, to neaten up the unjoined edge of his product, so that flap part of his product is not joined to another piece of fabric, so it has that loose raw edge that's not been sewn at all.

So he could use a decorative blanket stitch just to neaten up that edge and make it look nice.

So that stitch is not being used for joining, it's just being used to look good, so it's a decorative finishing technique.

Extra decorative details can also be applied to your stationary storage product to improve the look.

So you could use something like applique, which is applying fabric patterns or pieces onto another piece of fabric.

Or you can use decorative embroidery stitches, so these are stitches that just look nice but they don't have to join any fabrics together.

Applique is a technique of glueing or sewing fabric shapes or designs onto another fabric surface.

So you can see here in this example separate sections of different colour, different pattern fabric have been cut into shape of a flower in this case and then applied to the background base fabric, which in this case is a hessian, so different types of fabric can be used as well.

And in this case, it's been sewn on, so it's been sewn all around the edge to keep those pieces in place, but you can glue fabric pieces in place as well for this method.

Quick check then, what is applique? Is it decorative stitches, is it a fastener, or is it fabric shapes or designs? Pause the video and have a think.

Welcome back, what did you think? Well done if you said that they are fabric shapes or designs that apply onto another piece of fabric, well done.

Using stitches to make patterns or designs in fabric is called embroidery.

So if we use stitches just to make it look nice, then that's called embroidery.

So here you can see some examples of embroidery.

Sometimes it can be quite detailed and quite intricate, which means there's lots of tiny stitches used to make a picture.

Like in the first image, we've got lots of flowers and grass and leaves being made using different types of stitches and different colours of thread.

In the second image, a much simpler design of a heart, we've used cross-stitches which are a good type of stitch to use for embroidery.

If you're not sure how to do a cross-stitch, we'll watch this video together which will help you see how to create a cross-stitch 'cause cross-stitch can be turned into lots of different types of patterns and designs once you've mastered that skill, so let's have a look how to do it.

So to begin a cross-stitch, we come from the back of the fabric and pull your thread all the way through, and you're going to make a diagonal stitch and push that needle back through your fabric.

Then you're going to come again from the back a little bit along from that very first stitch and you're going to make another diagonal stitch that goes across that first diagonal stitch that you made, and that will create the cross effect of the cross-stitch.

There you can see that first cross that we've made.

Then you're going to repeat that again, coming back from the back again, pushing the needle through in the top corner, the top left corner.

You're going to create a diagonal stitch by going to the bottom right corner of where you want the cross to be.

Go back to the top but the top right this time, push through, then create another diagonal stitch that goes across that first one to the bottom left of where you want the cross to be.

Pull the thread through and that creates the cross.

So which of these shows us an embroidery technique? So remember, embroidery was making patterns using those stitches.

Which of these is showing us that? Is it A, B, or C? Pause the video and have a think.

Welcome back, what did you think? Well done if you said it was C, so that's showing us a cross-stitch that's been used to make the design of a heart.

A and B are showing us the applique technique, which was glueing or sewing pieces of fabric in different shapes and patterns onto another piece of fabric.

Well done if you got that right.

So time for your second task now in this part of the lesson.

So first of all, you're going to need to note any of the unfinished edges on your stationary storage product.

It could be by snipping some loose threads, it could be by using a decorative stitch like a blanket stitch to cover the edge, it could just be by adding a couple of stitches to neaten up a side that is not quite straight or not quite finished.

Once you've done that, I want you to think about which other finishing technique you would like to use.

So you could use the applique or the embroidery techniques to add some extra design details to your stationary storage product.

You could apply an applique design of a pattern or shape onto the front of your pencil case, or you could use some decorative stitches to add a pattern to any section of your design.

The flap is a good place to do some decorative stitches because it's only one thickness of fabric and you won't accidentally sew through the body of your pencil case.

But if you're doing the applique, you could always glue them on to make sure you don't struggle to stitch through the body of your stationary storage product.

Come back when you've had a go at neatening up your storage product and applying some extra detail and we'll see what you've done.

Welcome back, how did you get on? Hopefully you have a lovely decorated storage product that has lovely finished edges and is looking as effective as you want it to.

Your stationary storage product should have neat and tidy edges and a decorative design.

You can see here two examples of an applique finish which has got some flowers that have been glued onto that main body of the pencil case, and then we've got a cross-stitch finish which a very simple pattern has been applied to the front of that pencil case.

We've also used a decorative stitch around the flap of that pencil case just to finish off and make it look as neat and tidy and effective as possible.

Well, we've come to the end of the lesson now.

I've had fun making sure we applied our fabric decorative techniques to our finished stationary storage products to achieve an effective product at the end.

Hopefully you've managed to practise some of those techniques on your stationary storage product as well and you're happy with your final outcome and it functions in the way that you designed it to.

But what have we been learning along the way? Well, we've learned that fasteners should be applied using the correct method.

So we saw there were different ways for applying buttons, snap buttons, zips, and hook and loop fasteners, and you need to use the correct method depending on which one you choose.

We learned that embroidery stitches such as the cross-stitch, which we practised in today's lesson, can also add decoration to a final product.

It can be used as a joining technique but it can also be used as just a finishing technique, a decorative technique as well.

We've also learned that applique is a type of decorative technique where you glue or stitch fabric pictures or patterns onto another piece of fabric to make a design as well.

So those are all things you could have been using in today's lesson.

I hope to see you again in another lesson, but for me it's goodbye for now.