Lesson video
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Hello, everyone.
How are you today?
I hope you're feeling really good.
My name is Ms. Afzal and I'll be your teacher for this lesson.
I'm feeling pleased about that because I think we have an interesting topic today.
We're looking at Magna Carta.
In particular, we're looking at, "Survival of Magna Carta".
That's the title of our lesson.
This lesson comes from the unit of work, "Magna Carta: how did Magna Carta survive?
" So if you are ready to get into this topic, if you have energy, focus, and enthusiasm, we'll begin our lesson now.
The outcome for today's lesson is I can explain how Magna Carta survived.
I hope that sounds of interest to you.
We have some keywords in our lesson.
I'd like us to go through them one at a time, saying them out loud.
My turn, your turn.
Human rights.
Compromise.
Revive.
Ultimatum.
Good to hear those keywords, and now I'd like you to turn to someone and tell them, have you heard of any of these keywords before?
Do you have any idea what these keywords mean?
Pause here and share with someone.
Thanks for sharing what you know about these keywords.
Let's find out what they mean.
Human rights, these are the basic rights that many consider all people should have, such as justice and the freedom to say what you think.
A compromise is a way of reaching agreement where each person or group give up something that they wanted so they can end the argument.
Revive is when something is brought back to life, health, existence, or use.
An ultimatum is a threat in which someone is warned that if they do not do a particular thing, something unpleasant will happen to them.
So these are our keywords.
Human rights, compromise, revive, and ultimatum.
Let's look out and listen out for them.
Let's think carefully about these keywords that will be coming up in our lesson today.
Our lesson is called "The survival of Magna Carta" and it has three learning cycles.
"Historians disagree about how Magna Carta survived.
" "How did Magna Carta survive 1215 to 1225?
" And, "How did Magna Carta survive 1215 to 1267?
" So let's begin with "Historians disagree about how Magna Carta survived.
" This timeline shows Magna Carta started a process of struggle that lasted for hundreds of years.
So we can see, 1215, Magna Carta sealed by King John.
1689, Bill of Rights limited monarchy and granted rights.
And then 1949, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
So there's a period there of 734 years between when Magna Carta was sealed by King John to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights coming into being.
And many believe that the Magna Carta was significant in terms of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights coming into being.
Here's a photo of Eleanor Roosevelt, the First Lady of the United States from 1933 to 1945, holding the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1949.
And many people believe Magna Carta was a stepping stone towards human rights, that it had a part to play in this declaration coming into existence.
Let's have a check for understanding.
Which statement best describes the impact Magna Carta had during the medieval period?
Choose from this selection.
A, it completely limited monarchy from the start.
B, it made no impact for the entire medieval period.
C, it was an early step towards a limited monarchy.
Pause here while you decide which statement best describes the impact Magna Carta had during the medieval period.
Well done if you selected answer C.
Indeed, it was an early step towards a limited monarchy.
This statement best describes the impact Magna Carta had during the medieval period.
Take a good look at this illustration.
Pause here and share with someone.
Do you know who is in this illustration and what is being depicted?
Thanks for sharing.
This is an illustration of King John being forced to seal Magna Carta.
And next, we can see an illustration of Henry III fighting his barons.
So the word forced is quite significant here.
And in this image, the word compromise is what's being represented.
This diagram represents the compromise made between the king, the barons, and the Church in 1225.
Pause here and share with someone.
Can you remember what the keyword compromise means?
Well done if you said that a compromise is way of reaching an agreement whereby each person or group gives up something that they wanted so that they can end the argument.
And here we can see both compromise and force, so there's the compromise between the king, the barons, and the Church in this diagram, representing the 1225 compromise.
And on the other side of the screen, we can see force, this illustration of Henry III fighting his barons.
So two quite different ways of acting, compromise and force.
Let's have a check for understanding, true or false?
"Historians all agree about how Magna Carta survived.
" Pause here while you decide, is this statement true or false?
Well done if you selected false, and now I'd like you to justify your answer by choosing from one of these two statements.
A, their interpretations depend on the sources they have focused on.
Or B, historians have to find a way to disagree with all previous interpretations.
Pause here while you decide which of these statements justifies your earlier answer.
Well done if you selected statement A.
Indeed, their interpretations depend on the sources they have focused on.
And now it's time for your first task.
One, I'd like you to label the following statements either true or false.
And then correct the statements that are false.
So let's read through the statements.
A, "Magna Carta started a process of struggle that lasted 10 years.
" B, "From the start, the 1215 Magna Carta limited the king's powers and granted freedoms to everybody during the medieval period.
" C, "Many people believe Magna Carta was a stepping stone towards the monarch sharing power and to universal human rights.
" D, "Historians all agree about how Magna Carta survived.
" And E, "One reason for the survival of Magna Carta was people's willingness to compromise.
" So pause here while you have a go at this task.
I'll see you when you're finished.
It's good to be back with you.
Your answers should look like this.
"Magna Carta started a process of struggle that lasted 10 years.
" False.
"From the start, the 1215 Magna Carta limited the king's powers and granted freedoms to everybody during the medieval period.
" False.
"Many people believe Magna Carta was a stepping stone towards the monarch sharing power and to universal human rights.
" True.
"Historians all agree about how Magna Carta survived.
" False.
And, "One reason for the survival of Magna Carta was people's willingness to compromise.
" True.
And for the next part of your task, I asked you to correct the statements that are false.
Your answers may include.
A, Magna Carta started a process of struggle that lasted for hundreds of years.
B, from the start, the 1215 Magna Carta did little to limit the king's powers and did not grant freedoms to everybody during the medieval period.
And D, historians disagree about how Magna Carta survived.
Well done for having a go at this task.
And now we're onto our next learning cycle, "How did Magna Carta survive 1215 to 1225?
" The barons used force after Magna Carta was annulled in 1215.
William Marshal finds a compromise in Magna Carta 1216 to end the First Barons' War and revive the charter.
Pause here and share with someone, can you remember what the keyword revive means?
Thanks for sharing.
It's when something is brought back to life, health, existence, or use.
Henry III reissued Magna Carta in 1225.
And here's that diagram representing the compromise made between the king, the barons, and the Church in 1225.
Let's have a check for understanding.
Match each survival factor with its two correct events.
So we have the survival factors of compromise and force.
And here are the events.
A, the First Barons' War.
B, William Marshal removed the security clause from the 1216 Magna Carta.
C, the barons made King John seal Magna Carta at Runnymede, 1215.
And D, Henry III agreed to reissue Magna Carta.
In return, the barons agreed to more taxes.
So pause here while you match each survival factor with its two correct events.
Well done if you matched compromise with statement B, William Marshal removed the security clause from the 1216 Magna Carta, and D, Henry III agreed to reissue Magna Carta.
In return, the barons agreed to pay more taxes.
And survival factor of force links to the First Barons' War and the barons made King John seal Magna Carta at Runnymede, 1215.
Well done if you matched the survival factors with the events in this way.
And now it's time for your next task.
Some students are discussing how Magna Carta survived after being annulled in 1215.
Alex is talking about the survival factor of force and Izzy, the survival factor of compromise.
Here's Alex.
"The First Barons' War forced Magna Carta to be reissued in 1216.
" And Izzy.
"It was William Marshal who revived Magna Carta by finding a pleasing compromise.
" I would like you to, one, select who you agree with more, and two, use evidence from this lesson to explain your decision.
Pause here while you have a go at this task.
I'll see you when you're finished.
It's good to be back with you, so how did you get on with that task?
How did Magna Carta survive after being annulled in 1215?
Did you agree with Alex or with Izzy?
If you chose Alex, your example may include an answer like this.
"Magna Carter survived because the First Barons' War forced Henry III's regents to reissue the charter in 1216 to regain the allegiance of the rebellious barons and end the war.
" If you chose Izzy, your example may include the following.
"Magna Carta survived because William Marshal removed the security clause, which was a compromise that pleased both royals and barons.
" Some students are discussing how Magna Carta survived in 1225.
Here's Alex, "The barons' use of force worked.
They gave Henry III an ultimatum in which he had to revive Magna Carta.
" And Izzy, "Everyone was happy to revive the charter.
We know this because it was a consensual agreement.
" I would like you to select, who do you agree with more?
And then use evidence from this lesson to explain your decision.
Pause here while you have a go at this part of your task.
Well done for having a go at this task, how did Magna Carta survive after being annulled in 1225?
Deciding who you agree with and using your evidence to explain your decision.
If you chose Alex, your example may include something like this.
"Magna Cart survived because Henry III wanted to recover his lands in France and he needed more taxes.
Henry was forced to reissue the charter to get the taxes.
" And if you chose Izzy, your example may include something like this.
"Magna Carta survived because Henry III agreed and wanted to reissue Magna Carta in 1225.
It was a consensual agreement between the king, the Church, and the barons.
" Well done for having a go at this task.
And now we're onto our final learning cycle, "How did Magna Carta survive 1215 to 1267?
" Simon de Montfort and other leading barons forced Henry III to accept the Provisions of Oxford.
And here's a diagram showing a council of 15 taking control of the kingdom.
Here we have an illustration of Henry III being captured by Simon de Montfort, and an illustration of Simon's First Parliament.
So here we have the Second Barons' War and Simon's First Parliament.
The Royal Army used force to restore the monarchy.
Here's an illustration of Simon de Montfort cut to pieces at the Battle of Evesham.
Really quite gruesome.
And here we have some more images showing Henry III ruling with Parliament.
In 1267, Henry III passed the Statute of Marlborough.
Let's have a check for understanding.
How did Magna Carta survive?
Select two correct answers.
Choose from the following.
A, the barons' use of violence.
B, the destruction of all existing copies.
C, the intervention of foreign powers.
D, the Crown made a compromise.
So pause here while you decide, how did Magna Carta survive?
Select two correct answers.
Well done if you selected answers A and D.
Magna Carta survived through the barons' use of violence and because the Crown made a compromise.
And now it's time for your final task.
One, choose a word from the following list which best describes how Magna Carta survived.
Compromise.
Force.
Number two, use that word to explain in one paragraph how Magna Carta survived.
In your answer, you must include as many of the following as you can.
William Marshal, the First Barons' War, consensual sealing, ultimatum, Statute of Marlborough, Simon de Montfort.
So pause here while you have a go at this two-stage task.
I'll see when you're finished.
It's good to be back with you.
How did you get on with this task of explaining in one paragraph how Magna Carta survived?
If you choose compromise, then your answer may include something like this.
"Magna Carta survived the years 1215 to 1267 because of multiple compromises made.
For example, Henry III's regent, William Marshal, removed the security clause of the 1216 Magna Carta.
This was a compromise that pleased both royals and barons.
The charter also survived in 1225 because the king, the Church, and the barons compromised and agreed to a consensual sealing of Magna Carta.
In 1267, Henry III passed the Statute of Marlborough.
This kept the spirit of Magna Carta alive, as it compromised with some of the baronial ideas from the Provisions of Oxford, that the king would agree to ruling with the advice and consent of Parliament.
" If you chose the word force to describe how Magna Carta survived, your answer may include something like this.
"Magna Carta survived the years 1215 to 1267 because of the continued use of force.
For example, the barons used force in the First Barons' War after the Pope annulled Magna Carta in 1215.
This war forced Henry III's regents to revive the charter in 1216.
Similarly, the charter survived in 1225 because the barons gave Henry III an ultimatum in which he had to revive Magna Carta if he wanted to raise more taxes.
The charter also survived in 1258 because Simon de Montfort and other leading barons were armed and outnumbered Henry III in Parliament.
The barons' victory at the Battle of Lewes led to Simon's First Parliament and Henry reissuing Magna Carta in 1265.
" Well done, everyone, for having a go at this task.
In our lesson "The survival of Magna Carta" we've covered the following.
Magna Carta started a process of struggle over how much power the monarch should have.
In the short term, Magna Carta had limited impact on the power of the monarchy and basic human rights.
Magna Carta survived through various ways and historians often disagree about this.
Magna Carta survived through force and through compromise.
Well done, everyone, for joining in with this lesson.
I thought it was so interesting to explore the survival of Magna Carta, the different perspectives and views on this, and so interesting to look at it through the lens of both force and compromise.
I really enjoyed teaching you and I hope you enjoyed this lesson too.
I look forward to seeing you at another lesson soon.
Bye for now.
