Hello there.

My name is Mrs. Dhami.

Thank you for joining me for your design and technology lesson today.

Now, the big question for today is how can you produce an effective manufacturing specification for your design solution so that if you were to give that to somebody who you'd never met before, they would understand exactly how to manufacture the project that you have designed.

So, hard hats on.

Let's get cracking.

Our outcome for today is we will be able to communicate the specific details required to manufacture a product with precision.

Our keywords for today are manufacturing specification that outlines the materials, dimensions, and processes required to produce a product accurately and consistently.

Then communicate, which is a way of expressing, sharing, or presenting ideas to others.

And lastly, design decisions, which are a deliberate choice to meet a requirement or solve a problem.

We have two learning cycles for our lesson today.

Firstly, the importance of a manufacturing specification, and then secondly, the manufacturing specification itself.

So let's kick off with the importance.

The big picture for your iterative journey today is we are going to define and understand the importance of a manufacturing specification.

So why are we doing it? Then we're going to explore and you're going to select a range of methods that are suitable to present your manufacturing specification.

Now let's have a reminder.

Everybody's iterative journey will see different outcomes, and this is the same for the manufacturing specification.

There are many methods and one size does not fit all.

So it's okay for yours to be different to others in your class.

A manufacturing specification outlines the materials, dimensions, and processes required to produce a product accurately and consistently.

A manufacturing specification ensures that your product is manufactured exactly how you designed it.

Manufacturing specifications may also highlight things that you have not yet researched.

For example, choices of material finishes.

Perhaps you've not thought about that yet, and this might address that point.

It might also highlight the need to find alternative materials or processes if they are not available at your school.

Therefore, you may need to make further design decisions in your iterative journey as you produce your manufacturing specification, and that is perfectly fine.

So manufacturing specifications might be used at school for details for your teachers or technicians.

So for ordering of materials or cutting down stock, or there might be details for yourself whilst you are manufacturing.

And then manufacturing specifications might be used in industry for details for a third party so that the design solution can be reproduced accurately and precisely.

And this is why a manufacturing specification is so important.

Jun says, "I know exactly how I am going to make it.

Why is it important to use a manufacturing specification?" A, I may identify something I need to research further.

B, I must use this to communicate to my primary user.

C, my teacher might need to order materials and D, I may need to reconsider certain processes due to the facilities available.

Have a think.

Come back to me when you've got an answer.

Well done if you identified A, C and D.

So it's important to use a manufacturing specification to identify something that you might need to research further.

Your teacher might need to order specific materials for you, and you may need to reconsider certain processes due to the facilities available for you.

Information that could be communicated in a manufacturing specification includes dimensions and tolerances, components, assembly instructions, materials, finishes, patterns, control programmes, and electronic components or circuits.

And we'll cover these in a bit more detail in learning cycle two.

Time for a quick check.

The following should be communicated in a manufacturing specification, A, identification of a primary user and stakeholders.

B, dimensions and tolerances, C, control programmes and D, chosen design strategy.

Have a good think.

Come back to me when you've got an answer.

Well done if you identified B and C, the following things should be communicated in a manufacturing specification are dimensions and tolerances and control programmes and lots of others that we've just identified on the previous slide.

Well done if you've identified those.

On to task A.

Part one, I'd like you to explain the importance of a manufacturing specification.

Part two, I'd like you to identify the information you'll require to be communicated for your manufacturing specification.

So you could think about dimensions, tolerances, components, assembly instructions, materials, finishes, patterns, control programmes, and electronic components or circuits.

Now, some of these will not be relevant for your iterative design journey, but some might be.

Have a real good think.

Come back to me when you've got some answers.

Answers could include, part one, a manufacturing specification outlines the materials, dimensions and processes required to produce a product accurately and consistently by a third party so that your design solution is made and manufactured correctly.

Part two, I wanted you to identify the information you were required to be communicated for your manufacturing specification.

And hopefully you thought about dimensions, tolerances, components, assembly instructions, materials, finishes, patterns, control programmes, electronic components or circuits, and identified the ones that were relevant for your iterative design journey.

Well done with your hard work.

On to learning cycle two, manufacturing specification.

We are going to explore a few methods for developing your manufacturing specification along your iterative journey.

You are not limited to the methods we share.

Some will be right for your iterative journey and others will not.

Please remember, when developing your manufacturing specifications, you may discover something that you have not yet researched or developed or that is impossible with the available facilities.

That is absolutely okay.

This is an iterative design process and you can carry on making design decisions, but please do not forget to record them in your NEA.

A cutting or parts list may be suitable for your design solution.

These are great because it communicates for each part, the quantities, the material details, finishes, and any required information.

So if you choose to put it into a chart, like the example, you could choose the headings for the chart depending on what your design solution is.

Now, as the bottom pictures show, there are so many different finishes that you can get on materials including the metal finishes in these pictures.

This is your chance in a cutting or parts list to define the exact finishes that your design solution requires.

And as I said before, you may make some design decisions.

You may require some additional research at this part.

Don't forget to record those design decisions in your NEA.

Now you will need to be able to communicate your chosen manufacturing processes.

Now there's obviously far too many to name here, but I've put two examples, vacuum forming and injection moulding.

Now you will need to be able to define the technicalities of these, perhaps the type of mould that you might want to use, perhaps the type of former that you might want to use, but you will also have to make some design decisions because as we know, there's a fast array of manufacturing processes, but not all of them will be available to you in your school.

So you might need to rethink your design solution for how it is manufactured so that it is possible in your school.

Therefore, you are likely to make lots of design decisions.

Do not forget to record them.

Time for a quick check-in.

I do not have a rotational moulding machine in my school, so I will not be able to manufacture my design solution.

Is that statement true or is it false? Come back to me when you've got an idea.

Well done if you identified false, and why is that? This is your chance to research alternative methods for manufacturing your idea.

This is an iterative journey and you may research at any stage, so that is fine.

And not every school will have every single manufacturing process required.

It requires us to be a little bit creative.

Patterns are a great way to communicate internal parts, how parts fit together, the direction of the grain of the fabric, and how 3D shape is created, for example, pleating or gathers.

And you can see that clearly in the trouser pattern example.

You may of course make some design decisions as you create a pattern.

Don't forget to record this.

Programming and control may need to be communicated for your design solution depending on how it will be made.

So it communicates a sequence of instructions that can be used to control electrical components correctly.

And obviously a third party would need to know that for your design solution so that they get that correct.

However, as you are communicating that, again, you might come across a problem or you might make a design decision.

Do not forget to record it.

Exploded assembly drawings are great for communicating internal parts that perhaps you might not see on the outside.

Take a little look at Lucas's product there.

With the jar opener and the handle.

You don't see that actually it has an internal handle so that the wooden handle can be attached to the product, but you wouldn't know that unless you had an exploded assembly drawing.

So it's great for communicating internal parts, how parts fit together, and also for checking tolerances.

And remember, as you do that, you might identify a design decision that you need to make for it to work correctly.

Schematic drawings are a great way to communicate a clear, simplified representation of a circuit.

But again, as you're putting it together, you might find out a problem, you might find out an issue that you need to solve through design decisions.

Don't forget to record them.

True or false check-in.

I must only choose one method for my manufacturing specification.

Is that true or is that false? Have a think.

Come back to me when you've got an answer.

Well done if you got false, and why is that? Sometimes one method is suitable, but this is rarely the case, especially when using multiple materials or components.

You are encouraged to use more than one method if it is suitable for your design solution.

Technical drawings such as dimension drawings for 2D or orthographic drawings for 3D, help to communicate shape and dimensions, and it clearly shows which dimensions belong to which part and which side.

Obviously when you do this again, you might come across some problems. You might need to make some design decisions.

Don't forget to record them.

Working drawings are similar to technical drawings, but provide more information about the product to be manufactured.

So they're really good at communicating technical information, including dimensions, but also provide a clear, simplified representation for manufacturing with any added information.

Again, if you do make any design decisions, don't forget to record them.

Task B, this is your chance to start creating your manufacturing specification.

So part one, I'd like you firstly to identify the relevant methods for your manufacturing specification based on what your design solution is.

Part two, I'd like you to use a variety of methods to communicate your manufacturing specification.

Enjoy creating your manufacturing specifications.

Answers could include, part one, I asked you to identify suitable methods for your manufacturing specification.

So Sophia said, "I have designed a product that will sense when a plant needs watering.

I will provide a circuit diagram through a schematic drawing along with a control programme and simulation." Whereas Sam says, "I have designed a collapsible ripstop nylon dog shade.

I will provide a pattern for the ripstop nylon and a dimension drawing for the acrylic lasered supports.

I will then produce an exploded view to show how the parts fit together." Two different routes there using different methods, and that is perfectly fine.

Your manufacturing specification will look very different to the others in your class.

Part two, I asked you to use a variety of methods to communicate your manufacturing specification.

Hopefully you had a good think about the variety of parts that you may have.

So which method may be suitable for each part? Hopefully you will think about the materials or processes you plan to use.

You remember it is an iterative journey.

You may research or develop at any stage, which means that you can make design decisions at any stage too and remember to record any design decisions that you make along the way.

Well done with all of your hard work.

That brings us to the end of our lesson today.

Let's summarise what we have found out.

A manufacturing specification outlines the materials, dimensions, and processes required to produce a product accurately and consistently.

Manufacturing specifications are used by pupils, teachers, technicians, and any third party who may want to reproduce your design solution.

Cutting/parts lists, identification of manufacturing processes, patterns, control programmes, exploded assembly drawings, schematic drawings, technical and working drawings are all methods of communicating your manufacturing specification.

And hopefully you found some methods that might be suitable for your design solution.

Well done with all of your hard work on this iterative journey, and I hopefully see you in another lesson soon.

Take good care.

Bye bye bye.