Lesson video

Hello and welcome students.

Once again, it's Mr. Latif here.

And today in our learning, we'll be looking at the second Pillar of the Five, which is Salah.

A really, really important and very significant part of the Five Pillars.

So what will we be looking at today? To understand what Salah is, why it is so important for Muslims, to learn the purpose behind Salah, but also to learn how Muslims prepare and perform the Salah.

So hopefully by the end of the lesson, you will be very well grounded in your knowledge of Salah.

So let's get into our learning in just a moment.

But as a reminder, there's five things that you need as always.

So please ensure that you have your exercise book or some lined paper, a black or blue pen, a different coloured pen for any corrections, those attentive ears and that curious brain.

And I can't emphasise more than that.

Those attentive ears and that curious brain will be super, super important today 'cause we will be looking at a lot over the course of the lesson.

So let's get into our learning for today.

So welcome to our learning today on Salah which is our title.

And today in our learning, we'll be doing the following.

To understand what Salah is and why is it so important for Muslims, to learn the purpose behind Salah, and also to learn how Muslims prepare and perform the Salah.

So just a reminder as always, there's five things that you need.

So please ensure that you have the equipment.

And if you don't, this is great opportunity for you to pause the video to have them.

And that curious brain and attentive ears are super super important today 'cause there will be a lot that we'll be unpacking for our learning.

And then once you have these, let's continue.

So continuing on.

A thinking task, and it's quite a big question.

What reasons can you list as to why people pray? Why is it that people pray? And what might they pray for? So for this task, I'd like to give you three minutes.

And what I'd like for you to do is to list down or to bullet point as many reasons you can think of as to why people pray.

So at this part of the video, could I please ask for you to pause the video and I'll see you in three minutes.

Welcome back.

How did you do? Let's unpack some of those ideas that you may have had in terms of why people pray.

So you may have had the following.

Many people pray because they want to communicate with God.

Maybe they want to have a personal relationship with God.

Maybe they feel the need to seek communication with God.

Many people may pray 'cause they ask for God for help, 'cause God is all powerful.

Maybe God can do things for them.

And maybe only by the power of God, he can do certain things.

Maybe actually they're limited to what they can do so they seek God's help.

And they also may seek God's forgiveness.

And remember this is the key thing with the idea of the afterlife, heaven and hell.

They may want to seek forgiveness so they can be forgiven for their sins and that hopefully, to ensure that they can go to heaven.

Or maybe they're praying to God to actually show gratitude.

They're thanking God for all the blessings that they have.

We find this for example, in dinner time.

Many families from many different religious traditions may pray and thank God for the blessings that they have on the table.

Well, maybe they're asking for help, a job, exams. Maybe they're trying to find a home.

And many people may pray for peace and tranquillity.

So all the different reasons as to why people pray.

Now, the Five Pillars of Islam and Salah.

So Salah is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, and it's known as the second.

And if not, it's probably the most important pillar out of all of them.

And there's a reason for this.

It's an obligatory form of submission, which we'll be exploring today.

And Salah really means prayer or supplication.

So you can see from this image here, this person prostrates to God.

Submitting himself towards God and worshipping God alone.

So Muslims are instructed to pray, to perform the Salah five times a day.

And this is found with the story of the Night Journey of Muhammad.

Now, if you had the previous lesson with me and you looked at the life of Prophet Muhammad, you already kind of know a bit about the story.

Now, if you don't, that's no problem.

The Night Journey is a very important journey in the life of Prophet Muhammad in terms of his biography.

It's on this night he's visited by Angel Gabriel and he goes from one place to another fastly.

So he travels from Mecca in Saudi Arabia to Jerusalem, in modern day Palestine, Israel.

And he goes on this winged horse.

And it goes very, very quickly.

Now, when he goes to Jerusalem, he goes to Al-Aqsa Mosque, which is the third holiest site in Islam.

Now, from there, he ascends and has a night journey to Jannah, known as heaven, on this winged horse.

Then when he gets to heaven, he visits the Seven Heavens.

And he sees the different Prophets; Aaron, Idris.

Now, one of the Prophets he sees is Musa or Moses.

Now, once in heaven, there's a key thing that occurs between Prophet Muhammad and Allah.

The communication.

This is a key thing.

He does not necessarily see Allah, but he's in the presence of Him.

And Allah commands the Prophet Muhammad to tell his followers to pray 50 times a day.

So when he goes from this dream, then back down to the heavens, Musa or Moses asked him.

And he asked him the following.

"What did your Lord command you to do?" And he says, "My Lord commanded me and my people "to pray 50 times a day." And Musa says, "Go and ask God for some mercy." He says, "My people were tested people "and they were weak "so go and ask God for mercy." So it goes from 50 prayers to 10, then to five.

So this is the significance of praying five times a day.

It's actually a mercy that God has shown towards humanity.

From 50 times a day to only five.

Now, what is the Salah? Well, it's a Physical and mental and a spiritual act.

And it's deemed as an act of purification.

And it helps people to avoid doing sins.

And as mentioned before, it's an obligatory act.

So within Islam, it's seen as an obligatory act at time of puberty.

So the time of like 10, 11 for many.

Many children from a very young age maybe taught to pray and they may offer these prayers.

Now, another form of prayer is Du'a and Dhikr.

So Du'a is a personal supplication.

It's asking God for something.

So this is something that's added onto the Salah.

Not part of Salah.

And Dhikr is remembering God.

So remembering God's attributes and God's names.

So the importance of Salah is it really strengthens the faith.

It really allows a Muslims to understand and to comprehend that they call upon God and God alone and that everything comes from God.

Their blessings come from God.

The support and seekness that they want can come from God.

That God guides them, which is really important.

So where do Muslims pray towards? Well, Muslims face the Qibla, which is towards the direction of the Kaaba, which is the house of God in Saudi Arabia, in Mecca.

So regardless of where you are in the world as a Muslim, all Muslims pray towards the same place, the house of God, the Kaaba.

Are Muslim's praying or bowing down or worshipping the Kaaba? No, that's incorrect to say.

The concept of the Kaaba and the concept of the Qibla, the direction, is an idea of uniformity and unity of humankind, that are all worshipping and bowing down to God at the same time.

So before Muslims pray, they have to do the purification.

And this purification ritual is known as the Wudu.

And this is something that we'll look at today.

It's the washing of the body, ensuring that they're are in a clean state before God.

Now, alongside the Wudu, a Muslim should have Niyyah, which is the intention to pray.

And always have Taqwa, which is God consciousness.

Be aware of God.

Now, remember this is a really important part of the Muslims day of the Salah.

They're praying to God.

They have to imagine that they're in front of God.

So a good way to remember this is the following.

It's this idea that God is in front of you, behind you is Duniya, the world, on the left side is hell, on the right side is heaven.

So the space in where they're praying is going to be very significant for them as they pray.

They're not meant to get distracted by the things around them.

They're not meant to have their phone on them or be on their phone.

It's about praying and being very focused on your prayer, which is really important.

So there's an opportunity there for the Muslims to remove themselves from the Duniya.

So the Duniya here means the world.

So it's really important when Muslims pray, they cut off the things in the Duniya.

For example, there are wars in the Duniya, but there's a ultimate goal.

And that ultimate goal is the Akhirah, the afterlife.

That Muslims wants to receive the rewards of eternal blissfulness and happiness in Jannah.

Now, in the Salah, Muslims recite certain stories of the Qur'an.

So from a young age, they are done with Qur'an, which is the divine and direct word of Allah, and they recite the words of God as they pray.

These are obligatory parts of the prayer.

Now, how do prayers work? Well, Muslims when they pray, they perform the Rakats.

And the Rakat is a single movement of prayer prescribed moves.

So depending what prayer there is, on what time of the day it is, there's five different prayers.

So the five different prayers have different amounts of Rakats.

So different amount of prescribed prescribed moves.

So in the morning, for example, Fajr is two Rakats.

And then we go for example, Zuhr prayer, which is a midday prayer, there's four Rakats.

And then later on at night there's four Rakats again.

Now, in the congregation prayer know as Jummah prayer, there's an obligatory thing upon all men and all young adults who are male as well.

Now, for the women, they're excused from doing the Jummah prayer at the mosque and they are allowed to do at home.

But many families will go together on a Friday in a Muslim country to do Jummah prayer.

So the Jummah prayer is a congregational prayer.

It's when the community come together.

And that's really important.

'Cause when the community come together, there's a sense of unity.

So many Muslims when they pray, they follow the mannerism of the prophet, shoulder to shoulder, It's a idea that all the humanity are praying together.

And it's a idea of brotherhood or sisterhood which is really important.

And when Muslims prays at home, and if they're living by themselves, for example, they're praying by themselves.

If they live with their family and maybe that the father is leading the prayer.

Now, at this point of the video, I'd like for you to do the following.

A lot of information there for your attentive ears.

So let's see how good that curious brain is.

For this task, I'd like for you to write a paragraph on what is Salah.

And for this, I'd like to give you 10 minutes.

So to help you, I've got some key terms just at the bottom to jog your memory.

And I would like for you to explain what is Salah and why it's important for Muslims. So key terms I've got at the bottom.

Salah, obligatory, Five Prayers, act of submission, worship, spiritual act, Qibla, strengthening, avoid, faith, sins, Rakats, Wudu, Taqwa and Qur'an.

So, let's see if you can use all of those words within your answer.

And I'll see you in 10 minutes.

Welcome back.

How did you do? Let's go over these answers together.

So what I've done here is in bold and different colours, just really emphasised some key important things.

So if there's anything that you feel that is missing from your answer, please ensure that you're reading it as I read this answer and ensure that you're making any corrections with a different coloured pen.

So Salah is one of the Five Pillars of Islam.

It's the Second Pillar of Islam and it's the most important.

It links to the Shahadah as it shows that Muslims are submitting to Allah alone.

Salah means prayer or supplication.

Muslims are obliged to pray five times a day at different times.

And it is a physical and a spiritual act in which Muslims Perform the Wudu washing ritual before they pray.

At this time, it enables Muslims to shut off from the Duniya, the world, and to focus on communicating with Allah.

Muslims face the Qibla before praying and also aim to have the right Niyyah and Taqwa.

Niyyah, meaning attention, Taqwa, having a state of awareness of God.

Salah helps Muslims avoid, hopefully it helps them to avoid sinning and to seek Allah's help.

Muslims follow the Rakat in prayer, which is a set of physical units of movement.

A Rakat varies depending on prayer.

So a lot of very important information there about the key things about the Salah.

So, as always, if there's any corrections you need to make, I really suggest that you pause the video now just before you move on.

But if everything was a OK, let's continue on with our learning for today.

So as mentioned before, there is a Wudu.

And this is the purification of oneself before praying.

So cleanliness is very important in Islam.

It's the idea that purifies the body.

And it shows respect before Allah.

This is a idea of having a clean heart, a clean mind and a clean body.

For example, imagine a day, you're going to see someone for the first time.

And they're very special and they're very significant.

You don't want to go wearing dirty clothes and being stinky after playing football or something like that.

You want to go well-groomed, looking good as well and smelling good and being clean.

So this is really important in Islam.

That you have to be clean before the prayer.

It's about purifying yourself as well.

And there's also actually a very significant thing about this.

The Prophet Muhammad says that, on the Day of Judgement , he will be able to tell who's from his because the places where they did Wudu will be lighting up.

It'll be like lighting.

There'll be light radiating from these places on the body.

So this is a sign of the believer.

So let's look at the steps of the Wudu prayer.

Now, what we're going to do is look at each step.

And I'm explain going to them.

And afterwards there's going to be a task for you to do.

So those attentive ears are super super important.

So what's the first thing? Before performing the Wudu, you have to make an intention.

The intention is that you want to pray, that your intention is to do good, and also many people may ask for forgiveness before they pray.

So what is the first actual physical thing they have to do? So the first thing is the washing of the hands.

So the washing of the right hand, then the washing of the left hand.

Three times in and out with water.

Now, just a key thing here.

If there's no water, historically what was used was sand.

And if you're someone who, for example, may have like a severe allergy to water, what can be used, for example, is a stone.

And they're not like putting a stone on them.

They touch the stone, they blow on them, and then they do the actions.

So firstly, it is the hands.

The hands are done.

Now, afterwards water, and then rinsing of the mouth three times.

So can we see there's a pattern here? Three times.

Three times the hand, the right hand, then the left hand, then the mouth.

Now after this, we have the following.

Then we have the washing of the nasal passage, the nose.

So Muslims, they get a bit of water, put up their nose, clean it three times, clean it three times, clean it three times.

And this is really important actually when it comes to reciting the Quran.

'Cause within the Arabic language, there're certain letters and certain words, that when they're said, they come from the nasal passage of the nose.

For example, if we go, "Mmmm," we can hear that from the nose.

And also there're certain letters and certain words within the Arabic language that their recitation should come from the nose as well as the mouth.

So we have the hands, the mouth, the nose, and then there's the washing of the face.

So from the top to the chin.

So if you've got a beard like me, there's the washing of the beard as well.

Now from there, it's the arms. So from the arms, we go from the wrist up until the elbow, or just after the elbow.

So the washing of the right first, then the washing of the left.

Now, once this is done, some water is used.

And as the washing, it's not necessarily the washing.

It's the wetting of the hair to the back.

Then it's the ears.

So the wet hands are used again in cleaning of the ears like this.

And then afterwards, there's one more thing, which is the feet.

I'm not going to get up and show you my feet, okay? But the final thing is that of the feet.

So, with the feet, it is the right foot up until the ankle three times and then the left foot up until the ankle as well.

Now, once all of this is done, you are ready to pray.

That was the Wudu.

The purification of oneself preparing to pray.

Now, what breaks the Wudu? If you sleep, that breaks the Wudu.

If you go to the toilet, that breaks the Wudu.

If you bleed, that breaks the Wudu.

If you pass gas, that breaks the Wudu.

And sexual intercourse also breaks the Wudu.

So, these things break the Wudu.

So if imagine you just did it and then you pass gas straightaway, you got to start again.

Or if you did it and then you really just went to toilet, you've got to start again.

So, from the five prayers that occur during the day, generally speaking, Muslims may perform the Wudu five times during the day as well.

The cleaning and purifying the body five times a day.

Now, there's task for you.

What I'd like for you to do is to make a flowchart to show the steps of Wudu.

So you can either draw out, for example, the hands, the feet, the ears, et cetera, or you can just write it.

And for this task, I'd like to give you 10 minutes.

So, using the words bank just there at the bottom, try to figure out the correct steps and ensure that you've got a flowchart, you're drawing out what the steps are of Wudu, and once you're done in 10 minutes, you can then resume the video.

Welcome back.

Although I have grown smaller, hopefully you can still see me.

So a reminder of the Wudu prayer.

Welcome back.

Hopefully you can see me.

I may have just grown a bit smaller a reminder of the Wudu.

So there's intention.

Then it's the hands.

The right hand first three times, the left hand three times.

Then the mouth, three times rinsing out.

Then nasal passage three times, getting rid of all excess.

Then we have the face from the forehead to the chin three times.

Then the arms, from the wrists up until the elbow.

Right first, then the left.

Then the wetting of the hair, then the ears and then the feet.

Yeah, up into the ankle, right foot three times, then the left foot three times.

Now, once that is done, a Muslim is ready to prepare for the prayer.

So this is the key thing that occurs just before the prayer known as a Wudu.

So, so far we've looked at what is Salah, we've looked at how do Muslims prepare before the Salah.

We haven't actually looked at when Salah is.

So, as I mentioned before, Salah occurs five times during the day.

So here are the names of the five prayers.

There's Fajr.

Now this is before sunrise.

And this consists of two Fard Rakat.

So some key terms here, just to mention.

Fard means obligatory prayer.

So Muslims are obliged to do this.

Now, Rakat is a term used to describe a single unit of prayer or movement.

So, for this one, there are two Rakats.

And also after the Fajr, there's an optional two Sunnah.

So they do the two Rakats and then they can offer another two Rakats, which is the Sunnah.

So, what does that mean? The Sunnah means the way of the Prophet.

So these are additional prayers that were done and performed by Prophet Muhammad.

And many Muslims will practise this for the reward and they want to follow his example and his character.

'Cause remember for Muslims, he was the perfect and most righteous human of all time.

So by doing any actions that follow him, that follow same apologies, it will be very rewarding for them.

Now, Zuhr.

This is the midday prayer.

And this is just after the sun reaches its peak at the top.

And this consists of four Rakats.

And afterwards, there's an option to do two Sunnah.

Then we have the Asr prayer.

So this is late part of the afternoon.

And this also consists of four Rakats and also afterwards, not two but an optional four Sunnah as well.

Then we have the Maghrib prayer.

So this is the fourth one.

Just after sunset, and this consists of three Rakats, and afterwards there's an optional two Sunnah.

And then to finish off, there is the evening prayer or the night prayer known as Isha.

And this is between sunset and midnight.

And this consists of four Rakats, which is then followed by two Sunnah and then an odd Rakat of Witr, which can be one, it can be three, it can be five.

An odd number at the end 'cause that's Sunnah.

So you can see there's five times in which a Muslim prays during the day.

And this is five daily reminders for them.

Five daily reminders to communicate with God.

Five daily reminders to have a personal reflection with God.

Five daily reminders to submit themselves to God.

Five daily reminders to ask God for things as well.

Five daily reminders to remind themselves what they are.

They are servants of Allah.

They are to submit to them.

They are meant to thank God.

So the five prayers are very important.

A key thing.

Depending on the time of the year, we can probably work out, prayers are going to be different.

So, right now it's in July.

So, Fajr will occur at very different time compared to December.

For example, we know in December, the sun rises much later.

Maybe the sun rising in December, let's say for argument sake, 6:30 whilst on the peak of summer, the sun may rise much much earlier.

So we can see that the Fajr and the Isha prayer, and actually also Zuhr, Asr and Maghrib are going to be different depending on what time of the year it is, which is really interesting in terms of Salah.

And we see this with the month of Ramadan.

In the month of Ramadan when Muslims are praying and they're also doing the act of fasting, fasting starts from before Fajr, at number one, and it ends at Maghrib.

So just after sunset.

So at that point, between one and four, those hours, Muslims cannot eat or drink.

But we'll look at the concept of Sawm and fasting for another lesson.

So a lot of great information there and hopefully those attentive ears and curious brain was working as always super hard.

So what I like for you to do now is the following.

I actually like for you to make notes on what the five prayers are, how many Rakats they have and ensure that you write down the key terms as well.

So for this task, I'm actually going to ask you to rewind.

So ensure that you go back to the slide which says when is Salah.

And for this task, I'm going to give you five minutes and then we'll get feedback.

So now could I please ask for you to just pause it and to comeback to resume the video once you're done.

Welcome back.

Hopefully you got the five prayers down.

So, so far we've looked at the following.

What is Salah? How do Muslims prepare for the Salah? And what are the five different names and how many Rakats there are in the Salah.

But now let's look at the following.

How do the five prayers actually influence a Muslim? Well, it influences a Muslim to be mindful of God throughout the day.

To remember God, to be mindful of God.

And it also gives them an opportunity to thank God and submit to Allah.

And to hopefully receive many benefits from God.

Whether it's the rewards that they want in this life or whether it's the rewards they want in the Hereafter.

So this awareness of God also enables Muslims in between their prayers to perform as many good deeds to continue to please their Lord.

So what it really does is really develops them morally.

From one prayer to another, are they being the best Muslim that they can? Are they seeking God's blessing? Are they performing actions that are obligatory? Are they doing additional actions, good deeds? Remember, these deeds will weigh on the Day of Judgement.

So what's really important in Islam is the first question that will be asked to everyone on the Day of Judgement.

It is, "Did you pray?" The prayer is so so significant as an obligatory act.

It's the first thing that will be asked on the date of judgement.

"Did you pray and submit to God?" Which is really, really important 'cause the submission and praying to God has a big big weight on the scales.

So how else does the Salah influence a Muslim? With direct contact with Allah.

It influences the Muslim to seek forgiveness and to seek His rewards.

So Muslims have an opportunity daily to ask for forgiveness and also to seek rewards from Allah when they are praying.

But what does it also do? It purifies the heart to communicate with God.

And this is very interesting Hadith.

Look at what Allah says in this Hadith.

"Whoever comes to me walking, "I will come to him running." It's this idea of this personal relationship with God.

That God listens, God is the knower.

And that links back to actually the qualities of God.

There's 99 names, also known as the 99 attributes.

And it humbles them.

And it develops Taqwa.

It reminds Muslims that actually, they need to seek and help.

And it reminds Muslims that they need to seek and they need Allah's help and support.

Without God they are nothing.

So it really does humble them.

And we find this in the action of Sujud that we'll look at just in a moment.

Now what I'd like for you to do is the following.

Your third task here.

Explain how Salah influences a Muslim.

So for this task, I'd like you to write one paragraph and to spend seven minutes on this task.

Now, as always, I've got like a word bank here just to help you to support with your paragraphs.

So please ensure that you're trying to use as many of those key terms as you can.

And you may resume the video after seven minutes.

Welcome back.

How did you do? So let's look at these answers together.

Salah influences a Muslim to reflect and to seek out time during the day to communicate with Allah.

This enables Muslims have more Taqwa and to purify their heart and to do good actions.

And it also influence Muslims to pray to Allah to forgive their sins and for them to be rewarded in the Hereafter.

So we can see that Salah isn't deemed as a meaningless task.

It really supports and it guides a human being.

And it really enables them to have communication with God.

And it really enables them to seek things, to seek the blessings of God not in this life, but also in the Hereafter, which is really important for Muslims. Really significant and really important that they want to seek the rewards, the eternal life in heaven.

And that this life is merely just temporary.

So, all that good that they do in that short span of time, whether it's 50 years, 70 years, 90 years that they live or 10, all the goodness could have a huge impact in their life when they're eternal.

That they get eternal happiness.

That they get eternal reward in Jannah.

So, so far we've looked at what Salah is, how do Muslims prepare for it and the importance of Salah and how it influences them.

But now let's look at how Muslims actually pray.

So as mentioned before, there is the Rakats.

And these consist of different steps depending on how many Rakats there are in a prayer.

So for example, Fajr is two Rakats whilst Maghrib is three Rakats, whilst Isha is four Rakats.

So we can understand from this three different prayers, there's a different amount of Rakats.

So where are we going? Kind of just here.

Yeah, just here.

So we're going to look at this image.

I'm going to try and help and support you into understanding what Rakats look like.

So the first step in the prayer.

So they've done the Wudu, is saying, "Allahu Akbar." It's a Muslim saying, "God is great." And this is known as the Takbir.

Now before that actually, is the Adhan, the call to prayer as well.

And then we move on to step B.

So in step B, we can see the hands.

Could be here, could be here or could be here, which is really important.

So that really depends, depending on the different movements that I'm doing like this.

It depends on a different school of thoughts.

So in step B, they have to recite parts of the Qur'an.

The Surah, which is a chapter, and Surah Al Fatiha, which is really, really important Surah.

And all Muslims have to recite this as part of the Rakat.

And then they also recite this another Surah.

Now, after these two Surahs are recited, we then go to C.

And as you can see, the hands are on the knees and they're going down.

And here, this is known as a Ruku.

And what they say in Arabic is, "How perfect is my Lord, the most high." Now from that, they then go to D.

They come back up.

At this part, many Muslims would put their hands up as they say this, "Allah hears the one who praises Him, "Our Lord to you be the praise".

Or some will just keep their hands down.

And then they go down to the really significant and really important part.

This is known as the most humble position, the Sujud.

Which means to prostrate, to bow down before God.

And prostration shows submission.

And that's what it means to be a Muslim.

To submit to the will of Allah.

And this demonstrates their love and respect to God.

Now, as they are here, they do the following.

They recite quietly, "Glory be to God, the most high." And they say this three times.

And then they go up to F.

And they say, "Allahu Akbar," God is great.

And then they go down to G again.

Now, if from G, they're going back to B, that is one Rakat.

Just to make that clear.

Now, from there we have the following.

As mentioned, depending on the Rakats and what prayer it is, steps E to G are repeated.

And then step B.

So we've gone through A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and then from G, they go back to B.

Now, when they do that for a second time, it's seen as a second Rakat.

But you see from G, they don't go back to B on the second Rakat.

They go to H, which is the next step.

So, this is known as Tashahhud.

And this is a short prayer said.

And within this, peace and blessings are sent to the family of Prophet Ibrahim and also to the Prophet Muhammad.

So this is really important 'cause it links to what we said about Shahada, the testimony of faith.

So that's the second Rakat.

So if I give you Fajr prayer which has two Rakats, they do that in the second Rakat, and then they do the salam to the right and to the left, which are to the two angels, Angel Raqib and Angel Atid.

And a reminder, they are the individuals that are recording the deeds of us, which is really important.

So, step I and J is done at the end of the prayer.

Whether that's two Rakats, three Rakats or four Rakats.

So if it's three Rakats, what they would do is from H, they're done into a certain part of the Tashahhud, and then they start and redo again for three and then finish on I and J or redo it again and do it for I and J at the end of the four.

So it seems a bit complicated but what's really important is there's certain actions that a Muslim does when they pray.

This is really important.

The certain actions are done by all Muslims. It's not like they are on their knees and they're praying or that actually they are lying on their side and they're praying.

This is what prayer looks like.

And this is really important.

When they're in the Mosque, they're all doing it together at the same time.

When they are doing the pilgrimage, they all doing it at the same time.

If they're praying together as a family or as spouses, they're doing it together at the same time.

It's that idea of unity, it's idea of submission.

So as we can see, it's not just a spiritual act, it's a physical act of submission.

And the Sujud, number E.

Letter E.

Apologies.

That's the most important.

It's the idea of being humble before God.

So, from the Rakats at the end, many Muslims tend to do the following.

Which is a Du'a.

And this is a personal supplication.

So they put their hands up and they ask for things that they want.

"Oh God, give me a job.

"Oh God, I really want to do really well in my exams. "Please help me do well in my exams. "Oh God, my grandma's ill.

"Please alleviate any illness for her, "forgive her over sins," et cetera.

So that is done after the prayer.

So it's not obligatory, but many Muslims tend to do it.

'Cause this is a really important part.

Isn't it? You remember, Muslims are praying to God.

This is one of the five times in a day they have a personal communication with God.

A personal communication.

They're talking to God.

They're communicating with God.

It gives them the opportunity to ask God for things, which is really, really important.

Now from this, what does the Qur'an say on Salah? Well, Muslims are reminded to seek guidance through patience and prayer.

Those that will pray will have their reward with Allah.

That prayer develops Taqwa.

And the prayer hopefully develops and prohibits haram, meaning impermissible, your sinful actions.

By praying to God five times a day, having a prayer which is meaningful and trying their best, and really reciting the words of the Qur'an and reflecting on the words of the Qur'an that you're reciting, hopefully ensures a Muslim to prohibit from doing haram.

'Cause if they're praying to God and they know, "Actually, my second prayer is in about four hours," they want to try and do as many good actions in between.

And it brings peace, and it develops good character and discipline.

If a Muslim can be disciplined to do the five prayers, they can be disciplined, for example, to get their charity.

They can be disciplined if they're able to, due to their health if they're able to do the fasting, it allows them to be disciplined, to be righteous with their tongue.

Allows them to be disciplined to show good manners.

That discipline before God hopefully now enables Muslims to show discipline towards humankind as well, which is really important.

What I want for you to do now is the following.

So for this task, let's look at some verses from the Qur'an.

And I have these two verses.

"Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believer "of a decree of a specified times." And verse two.

"Recite, O Muhammad, "what has been revealed to you of the Book "and establish prayer.

"Indeed, prayer prohibits immorality and wrongdoing, "and the remembrance of Allah is greater.

"And Allah knows that which you do." So what I'd like for you to do is to copy out these columns and the verses of the Qur'an.

And I would like for you to spend 10 minutes on this task please to answer this question on the right hand side.

How do these two verses from the Qur'an link to your learning on Salah so far? So you are able to look back at your notes and to ensure to use your notes to make link it back to how these verses link to Salah.

So at this part of the video, could I please ask for you to pause it, and I'll see you in 10 minutes.

Welcome back.

Let's see how you did.

So for the first verse of the Qur'an, you should have had the following.

This links to the five different times that Muslims prays during the day.

The Qur'an instructs Muslims that they are obliged to fulfil their five daily prayers.

And the second one.

This links to the obligation of prayer, but also to the significance and purpose.

Prayer allows Muslims to develop Taqwa and to enjoin in the good and to forbid the evil and it develops their character.

So hopefully you were able to link that to the obligation of the five prayers, to Taqwa, to morality, and why it's so significant.

If there's any corrections or anything that you need to add, please ensure you pause the video.

If not, let's continue.

So in summary, Salah is a pillar of faith and it shows submission to Allah.

There are five prayers in the Salah which are physical and spiritual acts of submission.

Now, before Muslims pray, they do Wudu, which is the purification.

And that's at the right intention as well.

Muslims pray the direct and divine word of Allah, which is known as the Qur'an.

And it serves the purpose of being obedient servants of Allah.

And it also reminds Muslims to be humble and to seek Allah's help and support in their life.

And just a final thing, as I mentioned before, Salah really helps a Muslim to achieve or be on the road to achieve that ultimate goal, Jannah.

And it really emphasises the importance that the afterlife has over the Duniya, being this world.

This world is seen as a test.

This world is seen as temporary.

This world, the pain, the happiness, is in a temporary and limited, and the goodness that one does in this world will really hopefully enable them in the Hereafter on the Day Of Judgement.

So I really hope you enjoyed our lesson today on Salah, the second of the Five Pillars that we'll be exploring within this unit.

And as always, please ask your parent or career to share your work with us on Instagram, Facebook or Twitter, tagging Oak National or Learn With Oak.

And on that note, I will see you soon.

It's a goodbye from me, but there's one more thing that's always, please ensure you do the exit quiz at the end which gives me and your teacher an opportunity to see how you did.

And I would love for you to show your work so Mr. Latif can see all that fantastic work that you did on Salah.

And on that note, I'll see you soon.