Lesson video

- Hello, my name's Mrs. Finlay, and today we're going to have a lesson where we are sketching and modelling.

And don't worry, you can use anything that you've got at home, tape or glue.

Raid the recycling bin for all those bits of cardboard.

Make sure that you're also somewhere where you can hear my voice clearly and you can work.

Before we formally start the lesson, you have got quite a bit of equipment that I would like you to have today.

So you need some cardboard, a pen or pencil for marking out, scissors, tape, and a ruler.

Be really careful with your scissors, because they can be sharp.

Okay, so we're going to have a little look at what we're going to do today.

So we have got the intro quiz that most of you would have done.

We're going to have a modelling warmup.

We're going to look at design briefs and specifications.

We're then going to have a go at modelling and sketching.

And as always, there will be the exit quiz.

But before we start, let's have a look at the key words that we're going to use today.

Let's look at the keywords.

Scoring, now this is a technique we're going to use today, and it's to help card bend.

So what happens is we use pressure along the line of a sheet material in order to make it easier to fold.

Dimensions, these refer to sizes in a design.

And scale model is a physical representation of a product where the sizes are proportionate.

So it might be that we create a scale model, so a model that is half the size of the original.

Okay, so our first little activity is that we're going to have a go at creating three different shapes using card.

And these are rough models.

And the idea is that you guys are going to get time to practise how to do these different skills.

So the first one we're going to look at is creating a curve.

Here, on this page, it shows you the components that we're going to use to make our curve.

You will need to mark out a rectangle that's a hundred mil, which is 10 centimetres by 55 millimetres, which is five and a half centimetres, and then a long strip, which is 210 millimetres, 21 centimetres by 25 millimetres, which is two and a half centimetres.

That's what you're going to need for this part.

Now it's up to you, you can either pause the video now and set those two pieces up, or you can watch the video, and then have a go at it.

What we're going to do is we're going to have the long strip.

We're going to cut some fleets in it, and I'm going to show you how you can tape or glue it to create a curve in a design.

Okay, so what I've got here is this is how I've set it up on my cardboard.

Now you can see that I've just got something out recycler.

It's nothing perfect.

And that's fine, 'cause we're modelling, aren't we? Let's turn it upside down so you can see.

See I've written the measurements in for you.

There we go.

Now, couple of things to note on this.

I know you know, but let's go through it.

I've used the line of the packaging to give me a straight line, and the same on here.

And I'm marking out from the corners.

I'm not marking out from using the middle of the cardboard.

And that's how you need to be really economic with what you're using.

So first thing you're going to do is you're going to cut those out and one that's you're going to end up with something like this.

A nice little strip and the square piece for that.

Now I've rounded these corners.

I just use the edge of a TP piece for that really.

So the next thing that I'm going to do is I'm going to do a line halfway down here.

Now I would normally say for you guys to use a pencil for drawing.

I'm going to use a pen so I can see the line.

Okay, so roughly halfway.

And then using our scissors, I'm going to snip up for you here all the to the line.

And what this is going to do is it's going to let the cardboard bend, and this bit I'm going to stick underneath the cardboard.

And the piece on the top is what you will see.

So we're going to snip all the way up through.

I'll probably be all right now.

I'll just finish it off.

Seems a bit silly not to.

Snip all the way through, and then got to use my ruler to help me do this.

I'm going to run my ruler over the side like that, and bend the cardboard over.

There we go.

Bend those little bits up there, and those little bits up there.

And run my thumb along there.

And this is what I've got.

I've got my pieces like that.

Okay, so now what I'm going to do is I'm going to match these up, so that this bit goes along here.

Hopefully you guys can see.

This bit's going to go along here, and then it's going to bend around this corner like that.

And what's happening underneath, if I put it this way, so you can see actually, all these pieces you have cut are bending over each other and they're folding down.

If I just focus my.

There we go.

Okay, so that's what's happening underneath.

Now, in order to put that into place, got to be a bit prepared, and I'm going to tape these , cut myself some little bits.

So you might have Sellotape.

You can use glue.

If you don't have any tape at home, use glue.

Don't have to.

And then I'm going to pop that on there, put my little bit of tape that way.

So the first piece of tape I'm putting on is super strong.

I'm going to make sure it's on top and bend it round, give it a little push there, pinch my finger, and I'm going to put my tape on that bit, little bend over there, spin it over, and then I can tape, going to use the long end of the tape now, all the way down through here.

Now I've cut little pieces, because I'm quite messy.

And I find it easier to control the model with little pieces.

And there's my lovely curve.

And I know that you guys can do that as well.

So you've done the curve, well done.

Now we're going to have a go at doing an S, exactly the same technique.

Although when we cut the little fleets, we're going to cut them closer together, so it's easier for the card to bend.

And you might have something round like a mug you can draw around.

I use some Sellotape.

Similar sized rectangles, we're going to use 100 mil by 50 and 180, slightly shorter this time, by 25 millimetres.

So you might want to prep your cardboard, and then do it, or you might want to watch a video, and then have a go afterwards.

Okay, so this time, we're going to have a go at doing an S.

So very similar measurements.

And you need to remember my top tips on using the edge of your cardboard to measure out.

So, making the S, you can just draw it yourself, but you might not be very confident.

So what I'm going to do is I'm going to suggest maybe use the edge of a Sellotape or something like that.

And you can draw your curve.

Again, I'm used to using a pen, because I want you to be able to see it.

And then match up where that curve goes with another bit.

And I might use the inside, 'cause it's a tighter curve.

There we go.

There's my S.

This is the line we're going to follow.

Now, what I'm going to do is I'm going to cut out this line we're going to follow.

I'm going to cut out this piece.

When I cut things out, I like to knock them out, because then I don't get confused.

Using my scissors, I'm going to cut this lovely curve out.

There we go.

Now I don't need this piece, so I'm going to get rid of this.

And this is the bit we're going to make a curve around.

All right, so we're going to use the strips like we did last time.

And can you remember what we did? That's right.

We did a line down through the middle, and then we cut little fleets.

So, I'm going to go down roughly down through the middle.

I'm going to use my pen for that.

Whoops, make sure you guys can see it.

Because we've got to do really tight curves on here all the way through, I'm going to really make sure that my little cuts are nice and close together.

This makes it a little bit fiddly for joining together, but it means that the cardboard has lots of movement.

Now we're probably using something like corrugated cardboard, that's a little thicker, so it's a bit more difficult to allow it to be quite, say, flexible.

Obviously, it's going to be stronger than this, because it's built with lots of different layers.

So when you're choosing what cardboard to model with, think about how you want to manipulate that cardboard.

And later in the lesson, when you do your designing and modelling, that's going to be up to you.

I don't think you're going to have much in the recycling bin this week.

So now we've got that.

We're going to do what we did before.

I'm going to line my ruler or my straightedge, and I'm going to bend my little fins up, so they're all bent up on the line.

It's a bit tricky.

You can see that this cardboard isn't particularly thick, but it's quite strong.

So I'll give it a push.

Lovely.

So now, we're going to have our lovely cardboard that hopefully we're going to set around here.

So this side, you can see that underneath, it's going to pop under like that, and this side is going to curve in like that.

And we're going to tape it underneath.

Now as before, I'm not going to use a long piece of tape.

I'm just going to use, put them down here so you can see them, a couple little bits of tape.

You can use whatever tape you've got at home, or you can glue it.

If you're going to glue it, I would suggest to use a really thin cupboard.

And you might find you need to stick it, and then just hold it for a bit, and then stick the next bit down.

I'm going to flip my card over.

It's a bit tricky to see, 'cause it's all quite similar card, but we'll go with it.

And I'm going to put a little bit of tape on there.

Okay, bend that over.

All the time, I'm pushing this part into the curve.

It might be that you need to get someone at home just to help you hold it.

It is a bit fiddly.

Okay, so now we're going from spreading out over here to starting to cross down through here.

I'm pushing it all the way round.

Put my tape on there and really press down over here.

Now I probably need one more little bit of tape.

Pull that down around that side.

Put that on there.

There we go.

So, what I'm going to do is I'm going to cut this off.

Just make sure you guys can see that side.

I'm going to cut this piece off here, so we've got a nice square cut off.

There we go.

Keep that for later, might need to use it.

So I've created this lovely curve.

And all underneath, no one's going to be seeing that, so we won't worry too much about that bit, but if we turn it over, we've got this really nice side, and we can see where we put our arrows in.

So that's how you make a curve, exactly the same principle is how we made the curve in this piece, but this time we've got more movement, and I've cut more fins in it to make it move more.

One more.

No bending sides this time.

Let's see how you get on with the next challenge.

So this box, we're not actually going to use tabs at the side like I might do if we were at school.

We're just going to do it nice and simple, 'cause this is something that you're going to have to do later on in the lesson.

And you can use something like a to score the bended lines maybe, or you can bend them against a ruler.

So, as always, you can set up your cardboard, or you can watch the video, and then do the activity alongside.

This is our last starter modelling exercise, and then we're going to move on to your challenge for today.

So our box.

You can see, I've already done a line in the bit of recycled card where the edge is already on.

This is going to help me.

I then measured 20 millimetres out and drew a long line, 50 millimetres out and drew a long line.

And then 20 mil, 20 mil and drew a line.

Okay, we're modelling at the moment.

So this is a great opportunity for you to practise being accurate.

So I'm just going to show you the next bit, and show you how I put this together.

So I'm going to from the top, measure 20 mil, then measure 50 mil, which is how many centimetres? Yep, good, five.

And then 20 more mil down bottom.

And we're going to do the same on this line.

Doesn't really matter what line you choose.

It's absolutely fine.

20 mil, 50 mil, and another 20 out.

Okay, fabulous.

Then I'm going to draw in these lines.

So let's go across here, and across this one.

Let's go back on that one.

Great stuff.

Now you might remember in the other one, I coloured in where I needed to cut.

So I know I need to cut this line.

I know I don't need that.

So I'm going to cut down here across down, across down, across down, across and up through there.

So here is our challenge.

So in the picture, there are a load of stacked shipping crates, and these are used to move goods between countries on big boats.

So I have put industrial shipping crates are used to transport goods all around the world.

After use, they are being transformed into housing, and that's going to give you a clue about what your task is going to be today.

So before we get any further, let's have a little look at testing you to see what your knowledge is like.

What do we call a list of criteria used in designing? Do you think it's design brief, design specification, modelling list, or a requirement plan? Let's read that again.

What do we call a list of criteria used in designing? Is it a design brief, a design specification, a modelling list, or a requirement plan? Okay, have a think.

Okay, I'm going to ask you in a minute.

You need to make your decision.

What do you think it is? Should we check? Yeah, correct, well done.

It's a design specification.

And a design brief, actually, is where we introduce a problem, and that's what we're going to look at next.

So I have got for you a lovely image of an industrial crate redesign.

So these crates are used to ship products all over the world, but because they're quite cheap to make, but expensive to send back, you'd have to pay for that crate to come back empty.

A lot of the time, they're dumped and not used.

And local councils have been using them to turn them into single occupancy housing.

That was difficult to say.

And so, they're basically made like studio flat.

So they have a space to go to the toilet and wash, and then you might have something like a sofa bed set up in there as well as you've got sleeping.

You've got somewhere where people can make food and somewhere where people can relax.

And that's where your challenge for today comes in.

So we're going to look at your design brief first, and then we're going to have a little look at product specification for it.

So your design brief, you're going to design a model, a home, suitable for one person.

So we're going to use the example, the industrial crate.

And you need to think about that crate.

Where would you put windows? Where would you put doors? Are you going to put walls in it? What sort of things would somebody need in order to live in a single occupancy space? So let's look at the design brief together and see where we go from there.

So first of all, the product should allow the person to sleep, socialise, that means talk to people or maybe entertain people, prepare and eat food, and should also be able to wash and use the toilet.

Okay, so there's some sort of bathroom's going to have to go in there as well.

Let's look at the next one.

The product should be scaled to 100 millimetres by 106 millimetres by 250 millimetres.

So that's the size that I would like you to make your box.

Okay, so the next thing I'm going to do is demonstrate how you can sketch out your ideas.

And after we sketch out your ideas, we're going to have a go at modelling them.

So the first thing I'm going to do is I'm going to draw myself a little line.

I'm going to use a pen, but I suggest you draw in pencil.

The only reason I'm using a pen for this is so that you can see it through the camera.

Now what I'm going to do for my space to start with is I am going to sketch a little bird's eye view.

So if I was looking from the top of my room, my industrial crate, what would I see? Well, I'm going to start with a toilet.

So I'm going to say the front door is going to be here, and I'm going to make the toilet in this corner.

I'm not going to make it very big, so I'm going to have a loo here, I think.

Yep, okay, so I'm going to have a little systemy bit there.

I'm going to sketch in my loo.

It's going to be about thereish.

And I think as well what I'm going to do is I'm going to put a shower cubicle by the side.

So I'm going to write on that shower.

And I'm going to have a little wall in here, and I'm going to need a little turnaround space here.

That's fine.

And maybe a little door in here, so I'll leave the space for a door probably being a bathroom I could do with a window.

So I'm going to draw some lines here, a little sketch out there.

Going to have a little window here is fine.

And that's not going to be my doorway there.

I'm also going to want a little kitchen area, but I'm going to have that as a bit of an open plan kitchen.

So I'm going to put a little sink in first.

So I think let's have a window here.

I'm going to draw a little window in here.

I'm going to write window there.

And this is only a plan for you to be able to model.

So I'm doing this relatively quickly, and I'm sure I'm making mistakes, but that's all right, because you make lots of mistakes when you're designing.

So there's my little sink's gone in there, and I might have little units going down and across around here.

That's fine.

And maybe some a little unit in there, and sort of have this as my kitchen space.

So what am I missing? Well, probably missing a bit of living space for the living room, and I need to get a bed in there as well.

So I don't really want to be living and looking at the toilet.

So I maybe I'll put in a sofa in here that also can fold out.

Maybe I want to make this into a bit of a.

Put a little telly on this wall maybe.

So maybe have my telly in there.

It means that I can cook and look at that.

It might be that I also want to have a little desk or dining table somewhere.

So it might be that I have my little desk in here or a little dining table with some chairs around it.

depends what you sort of said that you wanted in your room.

Now it might be that you do yourself a couple of these, 'cause you think, actually.

I mean, I'm thinking, looking at this now, I'm thinking maybe I've got the arrangement a little bit wrong.

Maybe I want the sofa here, or actually maybe you say you want a whole bed there.

I wouldn't really be bothered about that.

I'm happy to tidy away my bed in there.

It might be that you said, actually, I want to make a wall all the way down here, or maybe I want to put other windows in here.

We haven't got many windows, so let's maybe put another little window in here, and then you want to redraw it.

It might be that you want to draw this a little bit differently and have a view looking at it.

Okay, so let's have a little look.

I'm going to draw some sides in here Now if I was at school, I might be getting you to draw this into scale, but we're not going to do that, 'cause I'm more interested in your ideas at the moment.

So what I'm going to draw on here is I'm going to draw this back wall.

So I know that I have got about this far down, about a 1/3 of the way down, I've got a wall, and I know I've got some kitchen units coming in about a 1/3 of the way down as well.

So I'm going to draw my toilet wall in here like that.

And where my sofa is, I'm going to put my little sofa bed in here.

It goes to about there.

I'm also going to put a window in.

So here's my window.

Not sure how many windows you know with curved edges, but draw some quickly Draw it in.

A bit cottagey style.

I'm going to draw in my lovely sofa bed that I'm going to have.

There's the edges for that bed.

I'm going to draw it as a sofa, so nice and comfy.

Maybe I'm going to put myself in there some little cushions or something.

And we are sketching, so that we can model.

Okay, so all we're doing is putting together our little designs, and then this will be, if I'm looking that way, I'm going to see the end of the kitchen here.

So I'll draw in a couple of kitchen units.

So that would be up against.

And that can go on like that.

So I've just drawn a little view of that side.

If I wanted to here, I might want to draw in my toilet door, so I can where that would go, or I could show it open.

And there's your little my toilet with a lid.

And the side of more shower as it would be in there with our And then obviously you can add colour to that as there is in my example that I put for you.

The main reason that I'm going to suggest you do one of these sketches first is that when you come to model, you're going to be so much more confident with what you are doing.

And it's building up that confidence and that skill.

And please don't worry if you make mistakes, 'cause you will get better and better.

And sketching is all about making those mistakes and practising , so that every time we do it, we get better and better.

Next job.

Let's look at the modelling.

So now you've seen how to sketch out some of your ideas.

You might use this time to come up with your ideas for how you want your industrial crate living space to look.

You might decide that you want to draw it in a view as if you're looking straight at it, or you might want to draw it as if it's like a bird's-eye view.

Now, I always think that's much easier for working out where everything is going to go.

So pause the video.

And I want you to have a go at doing your 2D plans for your industrial crate design.

If you've done your drawing and you have an idea of what you're going to do, here's the modelling video to show you how to set up your models.

We're going to use some of the techniques we used earlier in the lesson today.

Okay, so we have got our plan.

Now we're going to make a modelled version.

Do you remember what we did before with the box earlier in the lesson? Well, this time we're only going to model.

Well, this is my suggestion that you model three walls, because this way, so I could have it that way and have very high walls, or I could flip it round and have it right-handed justified.

Okay, so I can have it like that.

I found the corner of a box and cut it.

And I've used corrugated cardboard, 'cause it's really strong.

I also like the fact that with corrugated cardboard you get these lovely straight lines.

So again, using the corners of my material, not wasting material, and also being able to cut straight down that straight line.

You see, super easy.

And then I've drawn with a ruler.

Actually, you can see it's a bit wobbly, but with the ruler, drawn down there, and cut it, and then made it super, super easy for me to put together.

And then I can just get my masking tape.

And then all I have to do is tape up the inside.

So it's up to you how big you want to make this.

You might find that you want to get a cereal box, cut the lid off this top of the cereal box, and cut up one side and then model like this.

Now for your example, I'm going slightly bigger.

I'm using 200 millimetres, which is how many centimetres? Excellent, 20 centimetres.

So I'm using 200 millimetres across the top, 80 mill down.

Actually that was same as the other example, and then 140 mil at the bottom.

Now this will allow me to model on a much bigger area.

So I'm just going to tape those together now.

And that makes it a little bit easier for building in things like walls.

Now, this is linking us back to the work that we did right at the start of the lesson where I've got you to draw in things like curves.

I'm just zooming myself out a little bit.

So here is our room.

Now what I'm going to suggest you do is that we cover these walls a little bit.

I mean, you could paint them if you wanted to, but I think covering them in paper is probably going to be the easiest thing to do.

And you can tape that on, or you can paint it.

But before I do anything, that's the first thing I'm going to do.

So I've got some paper.

I'm going to cover this flooring.

So I'm going to mark up where it is.

Going to mark up on here.

I'm going to use my ruler.

Actually I better just measure super quickly.

That's 140 mils.

So I'm going to measure that, 140 mil, draw myself a line, and then using my scissors I'm going to just mark out 200 mil.

Using my scissors, I'm going to cut that out and pop that in there.

And I'm also thinking I'm going to do it for the walls as well.

Now I could be thinking actually this looks a bit like natural flooring.

This could be used for natural timber.

So I could do that.

That's the first job that I'm going to do in ready to cover my room.

So here is box where we finished off, and I have actually decided to keep the space.

I think it looks a little bit like flooring, wooden flooring, so I quite like that.

So I've done a cover piece for that.

And I've done this other piece for that, which I can draw on and add detail and stick that on.

But the next thing you're going to do is add some walls in.

So you could make these as separate boxes and pop them in maybe if you wanted to, and actually, look, you could create a nice little bit of level, a little step down as well, but I am going to do it using just a piece of a white card that I found, very similar to what we did at the start of the lesson.

So I've measured this 80 mil, plus put a little bit extra on for bending.

And what I'm going to do is I have measured that, or not really measured out, but worked out where I want the door to go to, about here.

I'm just going to cut.

I've got a bend in the wall there.

So it's going to come here of here and bend to make my little bathroom.

And I've got a bend at the bottom to stick it down with, but I'm also going to cut in a doorway.

So here's my door.

And I'm going to use my ruler.

I'm going to put my reader down the bottom here.

And I'm going to bend that backwards.

Okay, and I'm also going to use my scissors and just cut this little bit off the bottom as well.

And cut that bit off.

And this, you'll understand this a little bit more when I put it together, but what I am going to do is I'm just going to draw in around the edge of my white card, the edging with.

Okay, I'm going to have some nice, long latches on here.

I'm going to go around the outside of the white cards so that you see the edge.

It's a nice little trick if you're modelling with white card.

There's the edge of the door.

Might need a little bit more.

There we go.

A bit more hinge and a lovely little handle, maybe we'll have a little latch handle on here as well.

Something like that.

You might want to draw in a bit of detail.

Okay, little, old wooden door on here.

And maybe you want a little sign that says bathroom on it or something like that.

On the other side here, you might decide that you want to put in a big mirror or something like that.

Now you can cut these out and you can add them.

Up to you.

You might want to put some pictures in on the wall or maybe even draw in where you might have a bookcase, something like that.

Okay.

So drawing it on first is going to make it loads easier 'cause you're not going to have to draw it when it's stuck onto the wall.

So then I'm going to get my tape.

Now, last time we did this in the example, we cut lots of fins, but we are folding this on 90 degrees, okay? So it shouldn't be too difficult.

I say.

So I'm going to put this in position.

I think the first thing I'm going to do is just tape this at 90 degrees so it's nice and square where it needs to be, so I'm putting that tape in along there.

And then I'm going to pop this in place.

It's tricky to do it so you guys can see what I'm doing.

I think I'm going to pop some tape on that side and get this bit in first.

Slide it up, tape that around.

Get it stuck to that stand.

Okay.

And then I'm going to tape this side down as well, and tape the other side down.

And we can push down and have our little, fits like that.

So there we go, we can see the little doors in there.

And now I just want to tape the bottom of the bathroom door in.

And you'll have a little bit more time than me to do this so you should be able to, but again, you might find that you want to get someone to give you a hand and hold it while you stick it in.

Okay, so nearly there.

Oops.

There we go.

Got my hand inside.

And this.

There we go, not very good if you got shaky hands.

So here we go, you can see.

There's my, just hold it around for you so you can see my little bathroom door is just in there like that.

Okay, let's put it around the other way.

There we go.

You got a bathroom door fitted in like this, okay? And then the next thing you guys are going to do is you're going to build the rest of the room around it, so I can put in sorry.

I can put in the rest of this piece if I want to and slide it in.

I might decide that I want to draw a window on here or something like that, similar to what I've done this way.

I might decide I want to make myself some furniture or using the box technique, box out some side of the kitchen.

Okay, that's where I'm going to leave you.

I'm going to do some work to this now and I'll put a picture up on the next screen and I'll talk about how that's helped me.

Well done today.

I hope you have enjoyed doing all that modelling and getting to have an opportunity to do some architectural modelling as well, which is such good fun.

And I think as you move forward, you'll remember some of those techniques as well, which is really going to help you when you start to visualise in 3D what your ideas look like.

As always, if you want to share your work with your teacher, you can, and I'm sure they'll look forward to seeing it.