Lesson video

Hello.

My name is Mrs. Bishop and I am your design and technology teacher today.

How are you today? I hope that you're having a really good day, everybody.

Today we're going to continue learning about structures.

We already know a little bit about structures and today we're going to learn that structures can actually be made from a range of 3D shapes and these can be made from nets, and that's what we're going to experiment with today.

We're going to experiment with creating a range of different nets.

Throughout these lessons we will be planning, designing, making and finally evaluating our own structures.

So keep on thinking what sort of structure you are most interested in and which one you would like to plan, design and make and evaluate.

In today's lesson you will need a pencil, a ruler, some card, which could be recycled card from around your house.

Some scissors and some tape.

Can you please remember that scissors must be used under the supervision of a parent or a carer? Really? Today we should have started with our intro quiz which you should have completed, well done.

Now we are going to look at investigating 3D shapes.

After that we should have a look at creating nets from 3D shapes.

Then, we should assemble our nets.

And then we should think about how we might be able to strengthen our nets And finally, today I would like you to complete your Exit quiz.

Now we have some keywords.

I will say the word and I would like you to repeat the word after me.

The first word is Net Can you say the word? Here is an image of a Net, and that does a flat chip, which when folded we'll create a 3D object.

The next word is Cuboid.

Can you say the word Cuboid? Here is a Cuboid.

A Cuboid is a 3D shape, which is six rectangular faces that are right angles to each other.

The next word is Prism.

Can you say the word Prism? This is a Prism.

A Prism is a 3D shape, which is two similar or equal ends.

And finally we have the word Scoring.

Can we say the word Scoring? Scoring is cutting a line or mark into a sheet material to make it easier to fold.

So we will begin by identifying 3D shapes.

We're going to play a game together.

I'm going to show you a shape and I want you to try and say the name of the shape, and anything else that you know about each shape.

So let's begin.

The first shape I'm going to show you is this one.

Pause the video now and say the name of the shape.

And anything else that you know or notice about the shape.

Welcome back.

Did you say that that shape was a Cuboid? and you see that I've shown you now how to spell Cuboid on the screen? What did you notice about the shape? There's lots of things, isn't there? Can you see that it has six rectangular faces? And each of the faces are right-angled to each other.

Cuboids are often used when we come to create structures.

This is my next shape.

What's that called? Pause the video now, and say what the name of the shape is and anything else that you notice about it.

That's right.

This shape is a Triangular prism.

Can you see anything special about the shape? Can you see that each end is a triangular shape? Wonder what that shape could be used for, for what type of structures.

Let's look at the next shape.

Pause the video now and say what the shape is called, and anything special that you noticed about it.

Welcome back.

This shape is called a Square based pyramid.

Do you see why it's called that? That's right.

Can you see the base of the shape is a square, and all the sides are triangles? Now, I wonder what look that shape could be used for when we come to make our structures.

Let's look at the next shape.

Pause the video now and say what you notice about the shape.

Right? This is a Hexagonal prism.

Can you say that the ends are hexagons? Each end, and when we cut through that, we would get hexagon shape.

What do you think that could be used for whenever we come to build and design our structures.

And our next shape is this one.

Pause the video now, and say what you know about this shape.

That's right.

This is a Cube.

Now the thing about a Cube is it a special type of cuboid? Because each of the faces are squares, and they meet at right angles to each other.

What do you think we could use cubes for, when we come to design our structure? Now, I would like you to pause the video to complete your first task today.

And it is a 3D shape hunt.

What I would like you to do is, with an adult supervision, go around your home and find some objects that are made from 3D shapes.

It could be anything.

But once you find them bring them back to me.

Okay.

See you in a moment.

Though I wonder what sort of things you found.

I'm going to show you some of the things I found, then I want you to show me the things that you found.

Cause I found this tissue box.

And can you say it's the shape of a Cuboid? I found this ball, that's in the shape of a sphere.

I found this box, and inside, there are some greetings cards.

It's keeps it box for greetings cards So it is the shape of a Cuboid.

I found this, that of playing cards.

And again, it's in the shape of a Cuboid, quite a little Cuboid, actually, it's quite a common shape for structures to be made from.

I found this tube here, and it's a Cylinder.

I found this folded up.

Now, it isn't a 3D shape, as it obviously unfolds.

But when it was folded up like that I thought that it looked quite like a Triangular prism.

I thought I'd show it to you anyway.

I found a chocolate box, which again is a type of Cuboid.

And finally I found this quite interesting shape which has two 3D shapes in it.

It's got a cone at the top here and underneath.

It's got a small cylinder.

So that was an interesting one.

I wonder if you could hold up your shapes that you found now, let me have a look at them all.

Oh, it's bold, so many different 3D shapes.

How wonderful! And can you see that all these different structures are made from a range of 3D shapes and sometimes we find different combinations and variations of them.

Well done, everybody! Well done for finding so many different 3D shapes around your home.

Now we're going to keep these 3D shapes nearby, because today we're going to see how we can create nets from 3D shapes.

Let me show you some images of how we can create nets from these 3D shapes.

So imagine this is my first one, like my cube that I found, my tissue box, and here it is here, now it's a picture.

And this is the net that we can create from this Cube.

And if we were to fold together those pieces, we would create the cube, one like the tissue box.

Because we've got all the different sides and each of them is a square.

And you can see there are one, two, three, four, five six different squares in the net.

I'm going to fold it together.

That would create the cube.

Now it doesn't always have to look like this.

Sometimes, our nets can look like this for a Cube.

So long as we can fold this together to create this shape, our net can be in many different orientations.

So it could be like this, for example.

Cause I know that if I was to pull together these six squares I would get this Cube, or could look like this even.

It could be in many different ways.

Like this image, does this show a net for a cube? Pause video now, and think about whether it's true or false.

Welcome back.

That was actually false.

And the reason why that was false was because there only is five faces here, and a Cube needs to have six faces.

What about this one now? Does that show the net for a cube? Pause the video now and have a think.

That's right.

That's true because this now has six faces.

Now we're going to look at some different shapes.

This is a Triangular prism.

Can you say here, this is the net or the Triangular prism? That's because we've got all three, rectangular faces here.

And there are two triangular faces.

Now if we were to fold this up, and this up together, this would create a triangular prism.

Of course it can be in different orientations like this.

So then imagine folding this all up, and we would get to the shape.

Or like this.

Does this image, show the net for a Triangular prism? Pause the video now and have a think.

This is actually false.

And the reason this is false is because, if we were to try and pull this up, we would find, that actually these two faces, would not be in the correct position when they're folded, because we need to move one of them to the correct position.

All right, we also have here a net for a square based pyramid.

And you see the square's here, and we've pulled up the triangular faces to create this shape.

Now, our next thing that we are going to do is we are going to be assembling some net.

For the first method, you're going to need your scissors, a pencil, 3D shape, and some cardboard.

I'm just using some recycled cardboard here, that was a cereal box before.

And that's perfectly fine to use.

Now the first thing I'm going to show you is I'm going to show you how I'm going to Carefully and accurately draw around the shape.

So I want to put the shape somewhere on the cardboard like this.

I'm going to line it up along the edge there.

And then I'm going to press standing firmly with my hand.

And I'm going to start marking out, with my pencil, along each of the sides, and this is going to create an image of the top of the box.

Okay? And then I'm going to make sure that I carry on doing the same for every other side.

So I'll just show you now what it looks like after I've just drawn it, there you go.

Can you see the outline the top of the box? Now I want to carry on and I'm going to place the box on the cardboard again, to tres line all the other sides.

So, I'm just looking to see what side I going to do next.

Eventually, I should end up with something like this.

Can you see them? I know you have.

Each of the different sides traced out onto my piece of cardboard.

And I'm just checking to see, do I have all six sides? Cause I can remember that a Cuboid had six sides.

So I'm just counting them up, just double-checking.

Do I have all my six sides copied out? And once I have that band, then I can move on to the next step, which is using those scissors.

Now, I, I remember I must be supervised by an adult, or a carer whenever I am using the scissors.

Now, to hold them very carefully like this with my thumb and finger through the handles of the scissors.

It's very important that I remember that scissors are sharp, and need to be used very carefully.

Now when I come to cutting, when I think, where is the best way to cut? I move my cardboard around.

This makes it quite easy for me to cut.

So once I move the cardboard going to the right angle then I can decide which line to cut first.

So I'm going to start here.

We're cutting in from the side, very carefully, cutting in and along this line, it's very important that I try and it as accurately as I can.

And if I use the scissors correctly, starting at the inside part of the scissors there, and then cutting all the way along slowly and carefully I should get a long cut.

And then a curt cut.

So, I'm going to show you now that I have my scissors in, cutting along nice, inside of the scissors right there at the point of the scissors, and a nice cut along, and I should get a nice, long cut.

I'm going to carry on until I get to the end of that line.

And now I'm going to turn my cardboard around, so that I can cut to the next line.

And I want to cut this whole rectangle out.

So very carefully again trying to place my scissors all the way down into the pivot of the scissors and cutting them all along like that.

Okay.

Now, I want you to cut out all the different shapes until you end up with six, six different rectangles, and they're going to form the shape of this 3D shape that we were cutting out.

So we've now got all six of them, just double-checking.

Okay.

Now we can move on to thinking about sticking these together to form the net, that's going to form my structure.

So I'm going to use sellotape.

You could also use masking tape, any type of sticky tape would work fine for this.

Use my scissors to cut off a length.

I'm going to stick them along the edge of the top of the shape.

So I'm just looking to see which was the top.

It was that one.

So I want to make sure I stick it along carefully.

So what I want to do is just measure up where it should go, put the tape along there, stick it down accurately.

Just make sure the edges line up nicely and not overlapping.

It's lining up nicely.

Making sure it's all straight.

And I just stick it down like that.

What I want you to do is repeat that for all of the other sides.

So we're going to stick all the sides to the top of our shape.

There we go.

We're just going to make sure we line them up nicely like that, and try our hardest to remember which bit was which.

And so we're going to stick it all together, until, we get to the correct net.

Okay.

Can you see that it's starting to form the net? That's going to become that my Cuboid.

So now I've stuck it all together, and I've tried to be as accurate as possible, lining up all the sides.

Now I'm going to have to start to build the 3D shape, making it into the Cuboid that I want.

So I'm going to push up all the sides together, and now I want to stick these sides together.

So I what to make sure that I use some more sticky tape to stick those together, to just fold it up carefully like that, and use a piece of sticky tape, to stick along and along to the other side.

And eventually I should build up my box.

Here we go.

I'm going to stick together this bit too.

Now, now, I've got the bottom or the top and the four sides stuck on.

And the last thing I need to do now, is I need to stick on the bottom or the top It doesn't matter which one you call it.

So we put that here, and again I'm going to use sticky tape to stick along all the edges, that I know we have a 3D shape.

There we go.

And now you can see there's my finished, 3D shape.

But it's quite similar to the one that I used as a template.

There we go.

So that's my first method of how I could make, a 3D structure using a net to help me.

Okay.

The next thing I want to do is I want to show you a method of how to make a net.

And we can use the net then as well to create a 3D shape.

So what you do is, whatever 3D shape that you have, we're going to start by drawing a line perfectly and accurately all of the sides.

And this should create a net like this.

Once I've drawn around all of the different sides.

Just making sure that I've done every single side like that, and the top and the bottom as well.

Okay.

Can you see that this time I've made sure that they're all joining up and this drawing looks like a net.

Now I want you to use your scissors to carefully and accurately cut this out making sure you're following along, all of the lines as carefully as you can.

And we just want the cut-outs of the outside of the net.

So we don't want to cut out any of the inside lines.

So just cut out the external lines, just as carefully as you can, following along and making sure you're starting from the pivot of the scissors, and pushing all the way down to get nice long cuts.

Now, eventually you should have cut out all of the external lines or the outer lines.

You should have some lines on the inside.

And what you need to do, is you just score these lines so that they're easier to fold.

So using a ruler now, and a pencil, I want you to rule along the line.

And you press down with your ruler and pencil.

So here now trying to score into that cardboard with the pencil, and do the same along here.

So really score the line.

So really press down with the pencil.

Some people also use the end of the scissors to do this.

Remember to do this with an adult supervision.

So you can do any internal lines, it's lines that are inside, and just use the, scissors when they're closed, like this.

Just use them to score along, any of those internal lines.

Okay, we'll do this one over here.

The band to a pencil does work quite well as well but the scissors are a little bit better.

So use the closed scissors to just score along any ex internal lines, any internal lines.

And again, this line as well, okay.

And this is going to help you when you come now to fold this net into a 3D shape.

Because you scored along the lines, it should fold more naturally along that line.

And I want you just to fold along like this, and start folding the shape, until you get your 3D shape.

Fold on all of the lines.

All of these sides.

See how easily that folds because it's been scored? And you should end up with another box.

Okay? Now all you need to do with this now is stick along, using sellotape, all the edges.

Okay.

And now you can see that I've stuck along, using sticky tape, all of the external edges.

But any of the internal edges that were scored, you can see that they didn't need any sticky tape.

Both methods, so this is for method one, and this is for method two, both methods create a 3D Cuboid.

It just depends which one you would like to use today.

Now, I'd like you to post, and you to complete your task.

I would like you to construct a box using a net, with an adult supervision.

I want you to create the box.

Will you try and think about how you can make the box in different ways using nets.

Once you've done that you may resume the video.

Welcome back.

The next thing we're going to do today is we're going to look at how we could strengthen nets.

So I know now that parts of my box are not very strong and they do need to be strengthened.

Because if I want to make a structure from these nets and these 3D shapes, they would need to be strong.

So there are some different ways that I can strengthen my cardboard nets.

I could use corrugated cardboard, which looks like this.

And this is when I fold the cardboard into small segsacs and I stick it between layers of card, and it helps to make the cardboard much stronger.

I could also use laminated card.

This is where I just stick together layers of card, or I coat my card with another material such as the plastic, which helps to give it different properties such as keeping it waterproof.

I could also use ribbed card, and this is where I pulled the cards and their series of ridges.

Now, what I want you to do is to pause the video in a moment to complete this task.

I want you to test and strengthen your box within adult supervision.

I want you to test the strength of the box you made.

So you may use the milk cartons, tops of rice, to show how strong different parts are.

And then I want you to think about how could you use strengthening techniques to make your box stronger and stiffer.

So could you remake box maybe? Maybe using different types of techniques or different types of cardboard to make it stronger and stiffer? Welcome back.

I want you to consider this question, All nets are made from cardboard? Pause the video now and select what you think.

This is actually false.

Not all nets are made from cardboard.

Nets can be made from a range of materials such as fabric wood and plastic.

The material a product is made from depends on the function of the product and the user's needs.

And the structures that will be designed enumerate from a range of different materials.

And that will depend on what it needs to do and what the user needs it for.

So I want you now to pause your video to complete your final task today.

I want you to find structures that are made from different materials.

So with an adult's supervision go around your home and see.

Can you find structures that are made from fabric, plastic, metal, perhaps you can find a wooden structure? Can you identify the nets that you can see in these structures? Publish a video online to have a go at that task.

Welcome back.

How did she find structures that were made from different types of materials? And I would get you to hold them up to me now so I can see what they are.

Well done! You've done absolutely brilliantly in this lesson.

We've learned how to construction nets to create 3D shapes and I hope you've enjoyed doing that.

These will be really helpful once we come to actually design and make our structure.

I hope in the meantime that you stay happy and safe, and I look forward to seeing you next time.

Bye bye.