Lesson video

Hi there, my name is Mr. Byrne-Smith.

And today, we are going to be doing some spelling together, which I'm really looking forward to.

In particular, we are going to look at the -ary suffixes that's -ary, and -ery.

We're going to investigate them, and figure out exactly how they work, and it's going to be fun, so come along.

Here's the agenda for today's lesson.

First, we're going to look at some key vocabulary, then, we'll investigate and generate rules before, finally, setting the spelling words with this unit.

In this lesson, you will need an exercise book, or paper, a pencil, and then, of course, your brain.

If you need to go and get any of these things, pause the video now.

Okay, let's run through some key vocabulary.

My turn, your turn, suffix.

A suffix is a group of letters at the end of a word that change its meaning and sometimes class.

Adjective, an adjective is a word that describes a noun.

It tells you what it's like.

Noun, a noun is a person, place or thing.

Root word, a root word is the most basic version of a word it has no prefixes or suffixes attached.

Let's investigate And generate some rules.

So, today, we're looking at the -ary suffix.

There are, in fact, two versions of the -ary suffix ery, and -ary, they both behave slightly differently.

So, we're going to look at them separately and we're going to investigate them separately.

First, we're going to look at the -ery suffix.

Here, you can see that I've applied the -ery suffix to four root words.

I need your help figuring out what the root words were.

Our four words are scenery, bravery, bakery, and slippery.

Have a think, what were the root words for each of these four words, pause the video now.

Okay, great, so the root word for scenery is scene.

The root word for bravery is brave.

The root word for bakery is bake.

The root word for slippery is slip.

Now, we're going to think about the word class of each of these words.

If we figure out the word class of the root word we can then see what happens when we apply our suffix.

Reminder, our root words are scene, brave, bake, and slip.

Now, when we figure out the root word of a particular word, my top tip is to put the word into a sentence.

A sentence that works for you.

Once you've done this, you can figure out exactly what the word is doing in that sentence.

You can figure out its role in the sentence.

Let's have a go with scene.

The policeman were the first people on the scene.

When I think about the word scene, especially in that sentence I imagine a place, a place where things happen.

Now, I know that a noun is a person, place or thing.

I think a scene is a place so, therefore, I think scene is a noun.

My other two options are adjective and verb.

Now, an adjective describes a noun.

The word scene definitely describe a noun in my sentence.

As for verb, a verb is a doing, or a being word.

In my sentence, the police were the first on the scene, well, scene is definitely not a doing or a being word, therefore, I think that scene is a noun.

I'd like you to have a go at the remaining words.

Pause the video now.

Okay so, let's go through the word class of each of our four root words.

We have scene which is a noun, brave which is an adjective, we have bake which is a verb, and then we have slip which is a noun.

Slip can also be a verb, so slip, which is either a noun or a verb.

Okay so, when we generate rules, we often like to see patterns.

Now, I can't really see any pattern so far because these are almost all different in terms of their word class.

But maybe a pattern will emerge when we start looking at the word class of the product when we've added the -ery suffix.

That's what we're going to do now.

We're going to look at scenery, bravery, bakery, slippery.

Now, we know that a suffix changes the meaning and sometimes the word class of a word.

I wonder if the -ery suffix changes the word class of any of these words? What I'd like you to do is use the same strategy to figure out the word class of these four words, scenery, bravery, bakery, slippery.

I'm going to have a go with scenery.

I looked out the window and saw the beautiful scenery.

Okay, I looked out the window and saw the beautiful scenery.

Well, in that instance, the doing or being word is saw.

That's what I did, what did I see? I saw something, I saw a thing.

Now, the thing I saw was the scenery.

I know that a noun's a person, place, or thing, so, therefore, I think scenery is a noun.

Okay, I'd like you to have a go with the remaining three.

Pause the video now.

Okay, let's go through these one by one.

Scenery is a noun, bravery is a noun, bakery is a noun, slippery is an adjective.

So, we're getting somewhere here.

I'm starting to see a pattern.

Three out of four of these words have been turned into nouns.

So, when it comes to defining exactly what the -ery suffix does we've got a starting point.

Here, we have the makings of a rule.

The -ery suffix often turns words into mm, I need your help.

Now, I've said often because it doesn't always do this, but three out of the four examples we looked at, it did do this.

So, help me out, the -ery suffix often turns words into mm, pause the video now.

Okay, the -ery suffix often turns words into nouns.

In the majority of cases, this suffix turns words into nouns Here we have our four words, scenery, bravery, bakery, and slippery.

You can see that these have had the -ery suffix applied to them.

As we discovered earlier, these all have very distinct and obvious root words, so in the majority of cases that we have seen the -ery suffix is applied to an obvious distinct root word.

In this instance, that is not the case.

Often the -ery suffix is applied to obvious root words, however, that is not always the case.

Here's an exception, the word is mystery, which does not have an obvious root word.

However, in the majority of cases, it does.

So, what could we say? If the root word is obvious, the ending is often, what? Pause the video now.

If the root word is obvious, the ending is often -ery.

This is going to be really useful.

When it comes to applying one of the two -ery suffixes you often rely on this rule knowing that if the root word is obvious it takes -ery.

Let's look at the second of our two suffixes, -ary.

Once again, we have four words that have this suffix applied imaginary, primary, vocabulary, and library.

I need your help figure out the root word of each of these four.

Now, remember, root words aren't always obvious, so just do your best, if there isn't an obvious root word there isn't an obvious root word, that's fine.

Pause the video now.

Okay so, the root word of imaginary is imagine.

The root word of primary is prime.

The root word of vocabulary is, oh, there's not an obvious root word for vocabulary.

The root word for library is, oh, that's strange, once again, there's no obvious root word.

So, in half of our examples we've seen that there is no obvious root word.

From this, we can extract a rule.

We can say that if the root word is not obvious, the ending is often -ary, A-R-Y.

When it's an obvious root word, in the majority of cases, the ending is E-R-Y, when there isn't in the majority of cases the ending is A-R-Y.

That makes our life very, very simple.

The -ary suffixes can be very confusing.

And this is something which helps us, and let's make the most of it.

Let's continue to look at this suffix.

You are going to help me figure out the word class of each of my words.

I've already had a go with the first one.

I figured out that imagine is a verb, I did this by putting it into a sentence.

Sometimes I imagine my future, in that sentence imagine is a doing word.

I know that verbs are doing or being words, therefore, imagine is a verb.

I need your help with the remaining root words.

Now, obviously, we only have one more, which is prime, the last two are unknown.

To help me figure out the word class of the word prime, pause it here now.

Okay, the word prime is a adjective.

So, we know that our root words are both different word classes.

Let's see if we can figure out what the -ary, A-R-Y suffix turns them into.

To do this, we're going to look at imaginary, primary, vocabulary, and library.

And we are going to think about their word class.

Use the same strategy as before, putting each of these words into a sentence.

Pause the video here now, and have a go.

Okay, let's go through these one by one.

Imaginary is a adjective, primary is a adjective, vocabulary is a noun, and library is a noun.

So, the -ary suffix turns words into adjectives and nouns.

Let's see if we can establish a rule.

The -ary suffix often turns words into mm or mm.

I need your help, pause the video and have a go.

Okay, the -ary suffix often turns words into nouns or adjectives.

Okay, slightly different to the -ery suffix which, in the vast majority of cases, turns words into nouns.

Okay, let's think about how to apply our two suffixes.

Often, if we can add our suffix onto the end of the root word without making any changes.

However, this is not always the case.

Here we have four examples, two ending in -ery, two ending in -ary, and you can see that I've included the root words, scene; scenery, brave; bravery, imagine; imaginary, prime; primary.

I'd like you to look very carefully at these four pairs.

In each instance, the same thing is happening to the root word when I add my suffix, what is it? Pause the video now, and have a go.

Okay, if you look very carefully you can spot that each of my root words end in an e before adding my suffix, either -ery or -ary, I've had to remove the e.

From this, we can establish a clear rule, if the root word ends in an mm, remove the mm, and add the suffix.

Help me complete this rule, pause the video now and have a go.

Okay, if the root word ends in an e, remove the e and add the suffix.

This is a rule which is very common when it comes to adding suffixes.

It's when we see time and time again.

Sometimes there isn't an obvious rule to help us spell something.

In these two instances, I use a useful strategy instead.

I use say it as it sounds, this means reading a word very literally, and slowly so that its spelling becomes very, very clear.

Let me show you what I mean.

Here, we have the word cemetery and library.

The pronunciation of each of these doesn't really help me spell it.

I'm going to slow them both down and I'm going to say them both exactly how they're written.

That way it will be very, very clear how they're spelled.

Ce-me-tery, ce-me-tery, li-bra-ry, that one I think I can do even more with.

Li-bra-ry, li-bra-ry, with library.

there's this r that you can't really even hear, library, when we pronounce it, especially in the UK.

So, we have to be very, very careful.

There are two Rs, li-bra-ry, now I can hear it.

Obviously, when you come to speak and use these words in sentences you won't pronounce them like this.

But when you're spelling a word in your head, or when you're writing it's a very useful strategy.

Let's set some spelling words for this unit.

Here are our words, we're going to practise them together using my turn, your turn.

And I'm going to put each one into a sentence.

Now is a good time to write them down.

When you write them down be very, very careful not to make a mistake because you want to make sure that you're practising the correct spelling, rather than the incorrect spelling.

So, that's very important.

Word number one, library, library.

She scurried into the library to see what was in there.

February, February, now, this is another tricky one.

This has an r just after the b, which I've highlighted here.

This is a word which is generally pronounced very quickly.

And when it's pronounced you lose the sound of what other letters? So, this is a good one to say as it's written Feb-ru-ary, Feb-ru-ary.

This was a room she hadn't seen since February.

Number three, primary, primary.

The word primary comes from the word prime, that's its root word.

Prime suggests first or most important.

You might say, his primary focus was getting out of there alive.

That means his main focus.

Necessary, necessary.

If something is necessary it has to happen, or it must be done.

Leaving the house wasn't necessary, so he didn't want her to do it, necessary.

Ordinary, ordinary is another word for regular or something that's quite normal, something that is not out of the ordinary.

These are no ordinary creatures, ordinary.

Bakery, bakery.

Bakery comes from the root word bake.

A bakery is a place where things are baked.

There's a really clear and obvious link there.

It had been ages since they'd had fresh bread from the bakery.

Seven, mystery, mystery.

A mystery is something that you're not sure about, when you don't know what's happened or how it happened you might describe it as a mystery.

They had no idea where he'd gone, what a mystery.

Eight, bravery, bravery.

Bravery is a lack of fear, if somebody has lots of bravery it means that they're not scared to do many things.

Her bravery meant she didn't mind the occasional risk.

It comes from the root word, brave.

Nine, scenery, scenery.

When you talk about scenery, you're talking about what something looks like.

You might describe the scenery in the countryside as being green, and lush, and flowery.

You might describe the scenery in the city as being concrete and grey.

She stepped outside and couldn't believe the scenery.

Number 10, nursery, nursery.

The word nursery comes for the root word, nurse.

Now, nurse is a noun, it's somebody who looks after people, who cares for people.

It's also a verb, to nurse something, or someone means to look after them.

Therefore nursery, a nursery is a place where people are looked after, generally, young things so children, and sometimes it's used to describe a place where young plants are looked after and cared for, and grown.

He didn't want to spend time in the nursery, he wasn't a baby.

Okay, there are 10 words, make sure you've written them down very, very careful.

If you need to check, now is a good time to pause the video.

And that's the end of the lesson, so well done.

We've covered key vocabulary, we've investigated and generated rules, we've set spelling words.

And you've worked really hard, so congratulations, bye.