Lesson video

Hello, everyone.

How are you today? I hope you're feeling great.

My name is Ms. Afzal and I'll be your art teacher for this lesson.

I'm excited about that because I love teaching the subject and because today we're getting into architecture, the lesson is called Architecture Through Time and Space.

So yeah, we're gonna be time travelling, we're gonna be geographically travelling as we explore architecture through time and space.

Our lesson comes from the unit of work: Being curious about spatial design and architecture.

So I hope you have some curiosity, some openness and enthusiasm to explore this subject together.

If you're ready, we'll begin.

The outcome for today's lesson is I can understand the purpose of architecture and how it responds to its location to develop my own design.

We have some keywords in our lesson today.

Let's go through them.

Structure and architecture.

What do these words mean? Well, structure is a construction made by people, a pylon or a bridge.

Architecture, the art and science of designing and constructing buildings and other structures.

These are our keywords: structure and architecture.

Let's look out for them and listen out for them.

They'll be coming up in our lesson.

Today's lesson is called Architecture Through Time and Place, and it has two learning cycles.

First of all, What is a building? And next, Explore buildings from different cultures.

How interesting.

Let's begin with What is a building? And outcomes for our lesson might look like this.

These look so interesting.

I can't wait for us to get to these.

Sam, Sofia and Jacob are discussing buildings.

"Buildings are built to keep us warm and dry." "All buildings are made of bricks." "All buildings have a roof and walls." Pause the video and tell someone what do you think buildings are? What is a building? Thanks for sharing your ideas about buildings.

And next, do you agree with all of these statements? Buildings are built to keep us warm and dry.

All buildings are made of bricks and all buildings have a roof and walls.

Pause the video and share with someone whether you agree with all of these statements.

Thanks for sharing your ideas.

A building can come in many shapes and sizes, but is usually a roofed and walled structure that is built for use as a dwelling, place for human activity or storage.

Buildings can be made from a range of different materials.

This can include bricks, concrete, steel, glass, and wood, to name a few.

Pause here and share with someone, what is one of your favourite buildings that you have ever visited or seen, seen pictures of.

Thanks for sharing your ideas.

A building that I love is an art gallery near Copenhagen in Denmark, which is called Louisiana Gallery of Modern Art, and it has lots of glass and lots of really thoughtful ideas in the construction of this building.

Buildings do not always have to be made of bricks or have a window.

A building is a kind of structure, but not all structures are buildings.

A bridge could be considered a structure, but it is not a building.

Think about the area you live, what types of buildings are there? Pause the video and share with someone.

Thanks for sharing about the buildings in the area you live in.

Let's hear from Lucas: "I live on a new housing estate and there are schools, hospitals, and a sports centre near me." Izzy: "I live near a factory and nearby there are warehouses and shops.

My best friend lives a bit further away on a farm." Oh, so nice.

And Laura: "There's a huge church, a temple and mosque not far from my house.

There's a modern art gallery and a stadium in town." So interesting.

All the different kinds of buildings that can be in the area that we live in.

Buildings have evolved over time from simple structures made from natural materials to large buildings that use modern construction methods.

Early examples of built structures include: Skara Brae, in Orkney is a 5,000-year-old Neolithic village.

The buildings are made from stone.

The Great Mosque of Djenne, Mali is an example of community coming together to build and maintain a structure made from earth.

The Nabataean buildings in Petra were made between the first century, BCE, and the 1st century CE.

They were carved into the sandstone cliffs.

Can you think of any interesting historic buildings in your local area? Pause the video and share with someone.

Thanks for sharing.

Let's have a check for understanding.

What is a building? Is it A: a dam to hold water in a reservoir, B: a structure with a roof and walls that is built to provide shelter, C: a pylon holding electricity cables, or D: a basketball court in a park? Pause the video while you decide which of these is a building.

Well done if you selected answer B.

Indeed, a structure with a roof and walls that is built to provide shelter is a building.

Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings and structures.

An architect is a person who's trained to plan, design and oversee the construction of buildings.

What is the difference between a building and architecture? Pause the video and share with someone.

Thanks for sharing your ideas.

Let's have a look at this further.

There are some key differences between buildings and architecture.

A building is any structure that is made for people to use like a house, school or shop.

Its function is mainly about being useful and safe.

Architecture is about how a building makes people feel, not just what it does.

Architecture might involve designing buildings that are beautiful and meaningful.

Architecture can often challenge us to think differently about what buildings look like and how they can function.

Pause the video and share with someone.

Can you think of a time where you have been in a building that makes you feel a particular way because of its architecture? Thanks for sharing your ideas.

The building that I mentioned earlier, Louisiana Modern Art Gallery makes me feel very calm and spacious and inspired because of the way there's so much light and glass.

The building is set within beautiful grounds, and it's also right by the sea, so there's lots of nature coming in as well as amazing artwork inside the building and artwork that you can see outside in a sculpture park through the glass walls.

Some examples of modern architecture include: Zaha Hadid designed the Riverside Museum, Glasgow.

The outside of the museum is covered in titanium zinc, a protective material that gets better with age.

Enric Miralles designed the Scottish Parliament building in Edinburgh to appear as if it had grown out of the land.

The roofs mimic the rolling hills of the surrounding area using organic shapes and green spaces.

Sou Fujimoto designed L'arbre blanc, a block of flats inspired by a tree to provide housing connected to nature.

Can you think of any modern buildings in your local area? Pause the video and share with someone.

Thanks for sharing.

Andeep, Sofia and Jacob are discussing what they think an architect needs to consider when designing.

"They need to consider how the building provides shelter and protection to people." "How the design responds to the environment, where it is built, the materials and cultural setting." "They need to also think about the local environment and buildings that already exist and how the new building will fit alongside them." So many important considerations.

Architects design spaces with a purpose.

In Burkina Faso, Diebedo Francis Kere designed Lycee Schorge Secondary School with a ventilation screen that protects the building and pupils from direct sunlight and dust.

Kate Macintosh designed Dawson's Heights in South East London, providing practical living spaces with an emphasis on light, air and open space.

The Central Mosque in Cambridge was designed in 2019 by Julia Barfield, to provide a calm space for contemplation.

Laura and Alex are discussing the Halley British Antarctic research station designed by Hugh Broughton.

"In extreme cold climates, people need protection from the wind, rain, and to be kept warm." "The building has stilt-like structures to raise it from the ground.

Perhaps that helps to increase warmth?" Again, so much for architects to consider when designing their buildings.

Let's have a check for understanding.

True or false? An architect only needs to think about providing shelter for people in their building design.

Pause the video while you decide if this is true or false.

Well done if you selected false.

And now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.

Pause the video while you do this.

Perhaps you said something like this: Architects do need to think about shelter, but they also need to consider the purpose of the building, the materials to be used, the environment and culture where the building is to be built.

They also need to make sure the building is safe.

And now it's time for your first task.

I would like you to discuss the many aspects of buildings.

Create a mind map about buildings and answer the following questions: How many types of buildings can you think of? What's the main purpose of a building? What does an architect do? What design elements need to be considered when designing a building? Try to think of as many different aspects as you can.

So pause the video here while you create your mind map about buildings, discussing the many different aspects of buildings.

I'll see you when you're finished.

Great to be back with you.

How did you get on with discussing the many aspects of buildings? Your mind map may have started off like this: buildings, different types of buildings, architects, design, purpose, and it may have ended up looking like this.

Wow, love how each of those elements has been expanded and we've found out about lots of different types of buildings.

For example, shops, homes, museums, libraries, flats, factories and schools and so on.

Well done for creating your mind map about buildings.

So how many types of buildings can you think of? Here's Andeep.

"Houses, factories, hospitals, galleries, churches, mosques, temples, schools, hospitals." Amazing.

Sofia, "Shopping centres, football grounds, town halls and police stations." And Jacob.

"There's a huge church, a temple and mosque not far from my house.

There's a modern art gallery and a stadium in town." So many different types of buildings.

And what's the main purpose of a building? You may have said something like this: "To give people protection from the weather, keeping them warm when it's cold and cool in the summer.

A building needs to keep you dry in the rain too." Great considerations there.

And what does an architect do? You may have said something like this: "An architect plans and designs a building.

They also oversee the construction process of the building.

They need to make sure the building is safe and the plans are accurate for the builders to follow." What design elements need to be considered when designing a building? You may have said something like this: "They need to think about the existing buildings and the environment.

They need to think about what the building is going to be used for and what materials are available and suitable to use." And now onto our next learning cycle: Explore buildings from different cultures.

Buildings are sometimes designed and built by a community.

The village of Tiebele, in Burkina Faso, has been communally built by the Kasenna people.

The women of the community design the decorations which adorn the outside of the building using motifs and patterns that have cultural meaning.

The patterns reflect the identity of the occupants of the house and offer protection through symbolism.

Aisha, Jun and Sam are discussing the designs in the Tiebele village.

"There are three different colours in the designs, red, white, and black." "The houses are made from natural materials like earth, wood, straw, and cow dung." "There are three types of decoration: free hand painting, engravings and relief patterns on the walls." The Kasenna people of Tiebele often use geometric lines and patterns similar to these designs.

The designs are bold, simple shapes that repeat to create a strong pattern.

How would you describe the movement that is created by these designs? Pause the video and share with someone.

Thanks for sharing.

Check for understanding.

True or false? The Kasenna people of Tiebele mainly use geometric shapes in their patterns.

Pause the video and decide if this is true or false.

Well done if you selected true, and now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.

Perhaps you said something like this: The Kasenna people mainly use geometric shapes in their designs.

These shapes often have cultural, spiritual, or protective meanings and are passed down through generations.

In Mpumalanga, a province in the southern part of Africa, the homes of the Ndebele community are also covered in geometric patterns.

The patterns in the designs have meaning and are a form of communication.

The women of the Ndebele community traditionally design and paint the buildings.

Artist Francina Ndimande is well known for her bold, abstract wall decoration and paintings.

Can you think of any local buildings that have messages or decoration on the outside walls? Pause the video and share with someone.

You might have thought about: Advertising posters on the sides of buildings.

Buildings that have murals on the walls.

Signage on buildings that indicate purpose or ownership.

Street art or graffiti.

Communities can add decoration and pattern to the outsides of their buildings to create a sense of identity and belonging.

We can see some fantastic mural designs on urban buildings.

Check for understanding.

True or false? Communities feel connected to their buildings and will often make them personal and meaningful.

Pause the video and decide if this is true or false.

Well done if you selected true.

And now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.

Pause the video while you do this.

Perhaps you said something like this: Buildings can be designed and created by the communities that live in them and have meaning to the people.

They will sometimes decorate the buildings with meaningful symbols and patterns.

Jun has made a paper building using a net.

He has decorated it using symbols that represent his local community.

And we can see an example of a net there.

A net is what a 3D shape would look like if it was unfolded.

You can draw and fold nets to make 3D shapes.

Take a look at these three nets.

What 3D forms would be created once these nets are constructed? Pause the video and share with someone.

Thanks for sharing.

Perhaps you came up with these 3D forms on the left.

This would create a triangular prism in the centre.

This net would create a cube and on the right hand side, the net would create a cylinder.

There are many ways to create a 3D form from a 2D net.

You might choose to make a net following these steps: Create a net from paper.

Add patterns to your net to decorate and create meaning.

Cut along the solid black lines only.

Fold along all the dashed lines.

Glue the two tabs to secure your building.

And fold a roof, and then the decorated walls.

Check for understanding.

True or false? A net is what a 2D shape looks like if it is opened out flat.

There are many different types of nets for the different 2D shapes.

Pause the video and decide if this is true or false.

Well done if you selected false.

And now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.

Pause the video while you do this.

Perhaps you said something like this: A net is what it looks like if a 3D shape is opened out flat.

There are many types of nets for the different 3D shapes, such as cylinders or cubes.

And now it's time for your next task.

I would like you to discuss which things could represent you or your community.

You could reflect on: what makes you feel happy, what hobbies you might have, things that represent your friends or family, places you might like to visit.

So pause here while you discuss the things that could represent you or your community.

Okay, so how did you get on discussing which things could represent you or your community? You might have said something like this.

Here's Aisha: "My cat is important to me.

I could think of a simple symbol to show a cat." Andeep: "Lines going vertical remind me of tall trees in our local forest." Oh, I love trees.

And Jun: "I love playing music.

I could create a symbol to show my guitar." For the next part of your task, I'd like you to create a series of symbols or patterns that link to you or your community, and try to simplify your ideas into a simple shape.

You could: refer to the ideas discussed in Task B1.

Take inspiration from the Ndebele or Tiebele designs.

Use just geometric or organic shapes in your design.

So pause here while you create a series of symbols or patterns that link to you or your community.

How did you get on creating the series of symbols or patterns that link to you or your community? There are many ways you could do this.

Here's Alex: "I like how Andeep created a stylized version of trees using zigzag lines." And Izzy: "I like the simplified version of a cat.

The zigzag patterns remind me of the beat of music." And now I'd like you to create your own decorated building to reflect yourself or your community.

Add patterns to a net for a model of a building.

You should create your own net for a model of a building or use the template provided.

Use your patterns and symbols from earlier tasks.

Develop your symbols into more considered patterns.

Make sure the design is personal to you or your community.

So pause here while you have a go at this task.

How did you get on creating your own decorated building to reflect yourself or your community? It may have looked like this as you added patterns to a net for a model of a building.

Or perhaps like this as you constructed your building from the net, carefully cutting out the shapes from the net and then constructing and glueing the net together to create a 3D form.

Your outcome might have looked like this.

So wonderful.

I'd like you now to reflect on your outcomes.

Use these questions to help you reflect on your work.

How have you made your patterns personal and meaningful to reflect yourself or your community? What colours did you use? How did this add meaning? Which patterns do you think are successful in conveying a meaning? Do you have a favourite pattern and why? So pause here while you reflect on your outcomes.

So how did you get on reflecting on your outcomes? You may have said something like this: Here's Izzy: "The pattern was big and bold.

I like the way repeating the pattern has given it more impact." Absolutely.

And Lucas: "The most successful part of my design was where I got the pattern to continue around the corner." Love that.

In our lesson Architecture through time and place, we've covered the following: Buildings are structures that provide shelter and protection from the elements, but also provide communities a place to express their identity, customs and beliefs.

Architects design buildings.

These can be inspired by the environment around them and also by the communities and culture of the people who will use the buildings.

Decoration and pattern can have hidden meaning and importance to the community.

Well done everyone for joining in with this lesson.

I loved exploring architecture through time and place together.

What do architects do? What are buildings? And then creating your own decorated building to reflect you and your community.

Wow, great outcomes, everyone.

And I hope you've enjoyed this lesson.

I look forward to seeing you at another art lesson soon.

Until then, stay creative.