A smaller portion of a larger quantity of a substance.

When a substance's particles separate and spread throughout the particles of a solvent resulting in it no longer being seen.

A number that shows the alkalinity or acidity of a solution.

Water sample analysis: pH

Chemistry

Separating mixtures (including formulations)

Solutions

Filtration

Crystallisation

Chromatography: paper

Interpreting chromatograms

Chromatography: separating a mixture of inks

Distillation: simple distillation

Distillation: separating a mixture of inks

Distillation: fractional distillation

Potable water

Wastewater treatment

Water sample analysis: dissolved solids

Water sample analysis: distillation

In the Making Salts unit, pupils will build on their understanding of separation techniques to learn about the process of making salts and writing balanced chemical equations.

In the Separation Techniques unit, pupils learned about various methods for separating mixtures, including filtration, evaporation, distillation, and chromatography.

This unit explores purification techniques, including filtration, crystallisation, and distillation. It explains formulations, uses chromatographic methods to identify pure and impure substances, and interprets chromatograms with Rf values. The emphasis is on accurate measurements.

Separating substances

Physical activity and equipment requiring safe use

Which method is used to measure pH and requires calibration?

To assess water quality and identify impurities.

Why is it important to measure the pH of water samples?

Which of the following substances dissolves in both groundwater and seawater?

What can cause the pH of rainwater to be slightly acidic?

What does a low pH value in water indicate?

What is the pH range of weak bases (alkalines)?

Which of the following is a common laboratory apparatus used to measure pH accurately?

What type of water might contain dissolved chlorine, affecting its pH?

Its particles separate and spread throughout the water.

What does it mean if a substance has dissolved in water?

Water sample analysis: pH

Lesson outcome

Content guidance