Lesson video

Hello, I'm Mrs. Barry and I'm going to be your citizenship teacher today.

We've got a really interesting lesson about identity to look at together.

Some of this learning might be new to you, but that's okay because I'm here to help you, and by the end of the lesson, we'll have achieved our objective.

So let's make a start.

Today's lesson comes from the unit: How does identity affect rights? Today's lesson is called Exploring British Identity: Who are the British? Our outcome for today is to explain who the British are by considering the history, geography, and stereotypes linked to the British.

So let's make a start.

During our lesson, there'll be a range of keywords that we use.

Let's have a look at them now.

Firstly, migration: the movement of people from one place to another, for example, moving from one country to another.

Stereotype, which is a simplified view of a group of people.

Stereotypes can be positive or negative.

Discrimination: treating people unfairly or differently because of things like their race, gender, or where they come from instead of treating everyone equally.

And prejudice: prejudging a person or people based on a characteristic, for example, a negative view of a person because they are religious.

Our lesson today has three parts.

We are going to be looking at what is the impact of migration on the British? What are the countries of the United Kingdom? And which stereotypes are linked to the British? So let's make a start on this first part: What is the impact of migration on the British? Migration is the movement of people from one place to another.

The UK has experienced a lot of migration over the years with people coming to settle in Britain and becoming part of British society.

People in the UK have also moved to other parts of the world.

This includes British colonisation where people from Britain lived in colonies across the Caribbean, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.

Additionally, many British citizens have emigrated to countries like Canada, Australia, and the United States, influenced by the idea of moving for better opportunities or to explore new places.

People migrate for many different reasons.

For example: for their safety, for new and better opportunities, such as economic opportunities, to study, and to be with family.

So let's have a look at this question.

Which is the correct definition for migration? Is it A: the temporary movement of individuals between regions, B: the movement of people from one house to another, or C: the movement of people from one place to another? So the correct definition for migration is C, the movement of people from one place to another.

Well done if you got that right.

People migrate for lots of reasons, In 400 CE, large groups of people from mainland Europe arrived in England.

The Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes settled all over England, created farming villages.

They married and had children.

Over time, the Anglo-Saxons became the biggest group of people in England.

The Anglo-Saxons shaped Britain with their beliefs and customs. In 1066, the Norman invasion brought an end to Anglo-Saxon rule.

French Normans arrived and married into Anglo-Saxon families as well as taking their land.

Sam tells us here, "The history of Britain is very diverse.

It has been influenced by the arrival of lots of different groups of people throughout history." The Anglo-Saxons shaped Britain in many ways.

For example: "Werewolf" is an Anglo-Saxon word, meaning "man-wolf." The word England comes from Angle Land, land of the Angle people.

And the Anglo-Saxons built the first navy to fight the Vikings.

So is this true or false? Anglo-Saxons were made up of two groups of people who settled in England, So that's false.

The Anglo-Saxons were three groups, the Angles, Saxons and the Jutes.

So here we have a timeline of examples of migration.

So 400 CE, we've got large groups of people from mainland Europe.

In the 16th century, people from the UK went to colonise, live and trade in parts of Africa, South Asia, and the Caribbean.

1939 to 1945, where World War II saw Kindertransport.

1948 was the Windrush generation, and then there might be more examples of migration as time moves on.

Modern migration to Britain tended to be as a result of war.

For example, during the Second World War, Sir Nicholas Winton rescued 669 Jewish children from the Nazis by bringing them to the UK.

This became known as the Kindertransport.

Overall, Britain welcomed 70,000 Jewish refugees from Europe before and during World War II.

Following the Second World War, the HMT Windrush docked in Essex in 1948.

The HMT Windrush brought people from the Caribbean who were invited to help Britain rebuild after the devastation of the war.

1027 people arrived on the Windrush and made Britain their home.

The Windrush generation helped Britain to rebuild and helped do jobs that were left vacant.

These jobs tended to be in areas such as builders, drivers, cleaners, and nurses in the brand new NHS.

So let's practise what we've learned so far.

What I would like you to do is to answer these questions.

Firstly, is Laura correct about migration? Laura says, "Migration is when people move to another country.

Britain has never experienced migration." And then explain your answer.

Secondly, if Laura is incorrect, can you correct her answer? So pause the video, give it a go, and when you've completed it, come back and we can have a look at what you might have put together.

So well done for giving that a go.

Is Laura correct about migration and did you explain your answer? And then I asked you to look at if Laura is incorrect, correcting her answer.

So Laura had said, "Migration is when people move to another country.

Britain has never experienced migration." So firstly, Laura is correct about the definition of migration, but she is incorrect in saying it is something Britain has not experienced.

Migration is when people move from one country to another.

Britain has experienced migration over many centuries.

For example, in 400 CE, the Angles, Saxons and Jutes arrived in England and over time became the Anglo-Saxons.

In 1948, the Windrush generation arrived in England and helped Britain to rebuild after the Second World War.

So well done again for giving that a go, and particularly if your answers sounded something similar to what I've put here.

We're on to part two now of our lesson and we're going to look at, What are the countries of the United Kingdom? The United Kingdom is made up of four constituent countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

England is the largest country of the four and has the capital of the UK, London.

Each country has its own devolved administration.

This means they can make some of their own decisions about how their countries are run.

Great Britain is the island which contains England, Scotland, and Wales.

The United Kingdom is Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Each of the constituent countries has its own parliament or assembly.

So the Northern Island Assembly there, is in Stormont.

We have the Welsh Parliament, or Senedd, in Cardiff.

There's the Scottish Parliament in Holyrood, and Westminster Parliament is in London.

So is this true or false? The United Kingdom is one country with one parliament.

So well done if you said that was false.

The UK is made up of four constituent countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Each country has its own devolved parliament or assembly.

Despite being one kingdom, the four countries have their own culture, language and customs. For example, Scotland uses English as their official language, but many people also speak Gaelic.

In Wales, signs are bilingual with Welsh and English.

There are sometimes tensions between the different countries of the United Kingdom.

In 1998, Northern Ireland ended decades of bloodshed with the Good Friday agreement, which agreed to give more power to the Northern Ireland Assembly.

In 2014, there was a referendum which asked if Scotland should become an independent country.

55% of voters voted to remain in the UK.

However, 45% of voters did not want to remain.

So is this true or false? Despite their differences, countries in the United Kingdom have coexisted peacefully.

So well done if you identify that that's true.

Despite their differences, countries in the United Kingdom have coexisted peacefully.

The UK has four countries with different cultures.

However, the groups have always worked together.

By peaceful discussion and compromise, the Good Friday agreement helped to bring lasting peace to Northern Ireland.

Let's bring that all together now.

And what I would like you to do is label the map of the UK with the different countries, and then name the parliament and assemblies in each.

So pause the video, give that a go, and then you can come back and we can check your answers together.

Well done for giving that a go.

And these are the labels that you should have.

So you can see here England is that red section, the large section on the bottom right, Northern Ireland is the green section there, the island that's off to its own on the left.

We have Scotland at the north there, the second largest part, and then Wales, which is the yellow part, just off to the left of England.

Well done if you labelled those correctly.

I asked you also to name the parliaments and assemblies in each.

So we have the Northern Ireland Assembly in Stormont, the Welsh Parliament or Senedd in Cardiff and the Scottish Parliament in Holyrood.

You might also have labelled that we have Westminster in London.

So onto the third and last part of our lesson now.

We're going to look at, Which stereotypes are linked to the British? Stereotypes are a simplified view of a group of people.

Stereotypes can be positive or negative.

Stereotypes are often based on a prejudice that people have and these are ideas about people that we might hold that are not based on fact, but on our beliefs.

When we act on our prejudice, we call this discrimination.

Izzy tells us here that "Prejudice is prejudging a person or people based on a characteristic.

For example, a negative view of a person because they are religious." An example of discrimination linked to a stereotype might be Lucas arriving for a job interview.

The interviewer automatically assumes he is not able to do the job because he has a disability.

Throughout the interview, Lucas demonstrates he is capable and has the right level of experience.

However, the interviewer does not offer Lucas the job.

They still think it would be too "hard" for him.

"The interviewer has made an assumption about me because I am in a wheelchair.

They have based their assumption on a prejudice they have because of a negative stereotype that people with disabilities are not as capable as those without disabilities.

By not considering employing me, even though I have the right skills and experience, the interviewer has discriminated against me.

They have acted on their prejudice." That's Lucas's statement on that situation.

So is this true or false? A stereotype is built on prejudice and can lead to discrimination.

So well done if you spotted that that statement is true.

Stereotypes often come from a person's own prejudgment of a group of people.

This might lead them to discriminating because of their beliefs.

Stereotypes are often unfair and untrue beliefs about people with certain characteristics.

Stereotypes can be applied to: individuals, groups of people and nations.

For example, Australians love to surf and Americans don't eat healthy foods.

Common stereotypes that people use to describe the British include: they drink lots of tea, they drink too much beer, they love to queue, they are good at engineering and they only speak English when they're on holiday.

So is this true or false? A stereotype is always true.

Well done if you spotted that was false.

Stereotypes are often used as simple views of a group of people.

They are not based on fact.

Okay, so let's bring that all together.

What I'd like you to do here is to consider different statements.

So each pupil has made a statement.

I'd like you to decide whether they are right or wrong.

If they are wrong, change the statement to make it correct.

So firstly we have Aisha's statement: "The UK is one country.

All of us are citizens of the UK." Izzy says, "The Norman invasion of England was the first example of migration to England." And Jun says, "The Windrush generation arrived in 1948 to help Britain rebuild after the war." So have a look at those statements, decide if they are right or wrong and change any that are wrong to make them correct.

Pause the video and once you've given it a go, come back and we can have a look at what you might have done together.

Well done for giving that task a go.

So I'd asked you to consider different statements and decide whether they were right or wrong.

And if they were wrong, change the statement to make it correct.

So Aisha's and Izzy statements were not correct.

Jun's was correct.

So Aisha needed to be corrected to say "The UK is four countries.

All of us are citizens of the UK." Izzy's statement needed to say, "The Norman invasion of England was not the first example of migration to England.

Migration has happened for hundreds of years." And Jun had correctly said "the Windrush generation arrived in 1948 to help Britain rebuild after the war." Well done if you spotted which ones were incorrect and made the corrections like I've done here.

Secondly, what I'd like you to do is to decide whether these statements are right or wrong.

And if they're wrong, change the statements to make them correct.

So let's have a look at these statements.

Lucas says, "A common stereotype of the British is that we like drinking tea." Sam says, "Stereotypes are harmless." And Sofia says, "We should use stereotypes to help us when we meet people." So decide which ones are right and which are wrong and correct any that you do think are wrong.

Pause the video and when you've given it a go, come back and we can have a look at what you might have done.

Okay, well done for giving that a go.

So I'd asked you to look at different statements and decide whether they were right or wrong.

And if they're wrong, change the statements to make correct.

So Sam and Sofia's statements were not correct, but Lucas' was correct.

Lucas had rightly said that "A common stereotype of the British is we like drinking tea." Sam's statement needed to be corrected to say that "Stereotypes can be harmful.

They're often based on prejudice." And Sofia's statement needed to be corrected to say, "We should not use stereotypes to help us when we meet people.

We should meet people with an open mind and get to know them." Well done if you corrected those statements and they sounded similar to these.

Lastly, what I'd like you to do is to write a short explanation for the meaning of prejudice and discrimination and how it can impact on people.

Things you should consider in your response are: how would you explain prejudice and discrimination to your friends? Include an example of prejudice and discrimination, and include how stereotypes are linked to these concepts.

So again, pause the video here, give this task a go and when you are ready, you can come back and we can have a look at what you might have put.

Well done for giving that a go.

I asked you to write a short explanation for the meaning of prejudice and discrimination and how it can impact on people.

You might have written something like this.

So prejudice is when you pre-judge a person.

Discrimination is when you act on that prejudgment.

For example, not giving someone a job because they have a disability or they come from another country.

Often stereotypes are based on a prejudice.

Stereotypes are often a simple view of a group of people.

Sometimes these can be positive or funny, such as British people loving tea.

However, stereotypes can be negative if they lead to people treating others differently.

Well done for giving that task a good go.

Today we've looked at exploring British identity: Who are the British? Migration has occurred in Britain over hundreds of years.

An example of this is the Windrush generation who arrived in 1948.

The UK is made up of four countries, each with their own identity and each country has their own parliament's, cultures and language, but form the United Kingdom.

Stereotypes are often based on a prejudice.

We should be careful when using them and always get to know a person without relying on our assumptions about them.

Well done for working through today's lesson, and I look forward to seeing you for another citizenship lesson soon.