a measure of how hot a substance is; it is related to the kinetic energy of the individual particles

the change in internal energy when the temperature of 1 kg of the material changes by 1°C

the sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of the particles something is made of

the energy an object has because of it's motion

the energy an object has because of its position and the forces acting on it

Heating different substances

Combined science

Thermal conduction and insulation

Effective insulation

Calculating specific heat capacity (∆E  = m c ∆θ)

Measuring specific heat capacity

A heating curve for water

Specific latent heat (E = m L)

In the Nuclear physics unit, pupils will build on this knowledge to learn about subatomic particles, unstable nuclei, radioactive decay, ionising radiation and radioactive half-life.

In the Particle explanations of density and pressure unit, pupils learnt how the arrangement and movement of particles in solids, liquids and gases explain density, pressure, floating and convection.

This unit covers energy changes in systems due to heating, forces, and electrical work. It explains reducing energy transfer via insulation, specific heat capacity, and latent heat. Emphasis is on calculations, planning experiments, data interpretation, and evaluating methods.

Energy of moving particles

a measure of how hot or cold a substance is

change in energy when the temp. of 1 kg of a substance changes by 1°C

sum of the kinetic and potential energy of particles in a substance

the energy an object or particle has because of its motion 

the energy an object has because of its position and the forces acting

Match the following key words or phrases to their definitions.

joules per kilogram per degree Celsius (J/kg/°C)

Which of the following is the correct unit of specific heat capacity?

Which of the following factors affect the amount of energy transferred to an object when it is heated and its temperature rises?

start temperature: 40°C, end temperature: 45°C

start temperature: 40°C, end temperature: 50°C

start temperature: 20°C, end temperature: 35°C

start temperature: 55°C, end temperature: 75°C

start temperature: 10°C, end temperature: 50°C

A heater transfers equal amounts of energy to the same mass of different substances. 
Starting with the greatest, use the information given to sort them into order of their specific heat capacities.

The average speed of the particles has increased.

The potential energy of the particles has increased.

The kinetic energy of the particles has increased.

The internal energy of the iron has decreased.

A block of iron starts at a temperature of –10°C. It is heated, reaching a temperature of 10°C. Which of the following statements are correct?

The internal energy of the water has increased.

The kinetic energy of the water particles has increased.

The potential energy of the water particles has increased.

Water in the liquid state at 100°C turns to water in the gas state at 100°C. Which of the following statements correctly describe what happens?

Match the following quantities to the unit it is measured in.

Which of the following objects are made from materials that are thermal insulators?

Complete the statements: Metals are good thermal conductors because they have free {{}} which can transfer energy rapidly from one place to another.

The slates in the roof are good thermal conductors.

This is the only place energy can escape from a house.

Why is it important to insulate a loft (attic) in a house?

A pupil is investigating the effect of the thickness of wool insulation on the cooling of a hot water bottle. Which of the following is the dependent variable in the experiment?

A pupil records the temperature of a cooling object every 60 s. The recorded temperatures are: 80°C, 75°C, 71°C, 68°C and 66°C.
What conclusions can be made from these results?

Heating different substances

Lesson outcome