the chance that an outcome (usually a negative one) will occur

different version of a gene, which can produce a different characteristic in the organism’s phenotype

processes that look for the presence of particular alleles in the DNA of an organism’s genome

the process of reading the sequence of nucleotide bases (A, T, C and G) in the DNA of the genome

healthcare tailored to a person’s individual risk of ill health

Genetic testing for healthcare

Combined science

Genetic engineering, including the main steps

Genetic testing for family planning

Pupils learned about the roles of hormones in controlling plant growth and development, including growth responses to stimuli including light and gravity.

This unit covers the human genome's importance and genetic engineering, outlining steps, benefits, and risks. It explores gene technology in agriculture and medicine, focusing on ethical considerations, and societal impacts, and evaluating scientific limitations and risks.

Gene technology

Subjects which particular individuals may be sensitive to, eg, adoption, migration, bereavement or death, divorce, poverty, deprivation.

Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

Physical illness or injury, medical procedures, blood.

Analysing the gene sequence using a microscope.

What is one step involved in the genetic testing process?

Who interprets the results of genetic tests?

To ensure individuals understand the implications of the test.

Why is informed consent important in genetic testing?

What is a potential misuse of genetic test data?

The complete DNA sequence of an organism's genome.

By tailoring treatments based on an individual's genetic profile.

By creating generalised treatment plans for all patients.

By using the same medication for every patient.

By avoiding the use of patient medical history.

How can healthcare be personalised through genetic testing?

Through the transmission of genes from parents to offspring.

A disease that is not infectious and cannot be spread from person to person.

The probability of developing a disease or condition.

What does 'risk' mean in health contexts?

What is an example of a non-communicable disease?

An individual who has one copy of a recessive allele.

What is a carrier of a genetic characteristic?

It can be passed from parents to offspring through genes.

What does it mean if a disease is hereditary in terms of genetic characteristics?

Starter Quiz