Lesson video

Hello, my name is Mrs. Andy Bush.

Welcome to Computing.

I'm glad you could join the lesson today.

Today we're going to learn how to use data to answer a set of questions.

Welcome to today's lesson from the units of work, "Data logging." Today's lesson is called "Using a Data Set to Answer a Question," by the end of this lesson, you'll be able to explain that data gathered over time can be used to answer questions.

Throughout the lesson we'll be using these key words, data, data, a letter, word, number, et cetera, that has been collected for a purpose but are stored without context.

Table, table, a structure consisting of rows and columns used for storing data.

Layout, layout, the way something is arranged.

This lesson is split into three parts.

In the first section, you'll choose a data set to answer a given question.

In the second section, you'll suggest questions to be answered using a data set, and in the third section, you identify how data can be gathered over time.

Let's get started.

Data is defined as: a letter, word, number, et cetera, that has been collected for a purpose but is stored without context.

For example, C, purple, 14.

This is data, but it has no context.

We don't understand what it is being used for at this moment.

A data set is a collection of related data that has been structured in some way.

Data sets are often organised into tables.

A tables layout consists of columns and rows.

Columns go down and rows go across.

This is an example data set.

The data is related to the weather.

It is structured in a table to make the data easier to interpret.

We can see there are four columns in the table.

Day, summary, temperature in degrees Celsius and rainfall in millimetres.

The day column contains Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, and so on.

The summary column pulls data that relates to whether the weather was sunny, partly cloudy or overcast, and the temperature and rainfall columns are numerical values.

Let's check your understanding.

A dataset is a collection of data that has been in some way.

Data sets are often in.

A table's consists of columns and rows.

You are now going to fill the gaps using the five words at the bottom of the table.

Organised, layout, structured, tables, related.

Pause the video.

Welcome back.

How did you get on? Let's look at putting the correct words in the correct space together.

A data set is a collection of related data, has been structured in some way.

Data sets are often organised in tables.

A tables layout consists of columns and rows.

Well done.

Did you get them all correct? Excellent work.

Let's move on.

You can use data sets to answer questions.

You are now going to look at three different data sets, weather, fitness tracker and sports.

Here is the weather dataset.

We can see, the four columns that I've already described.

Day, summary, temperature and rainfall.

What does this data set tell you? Pause the video for a moment and have a think.

Okay, well, if we look at this data, it tells us what the weather is going to be like on a particular day.

It tells us a summary of that weather and also what the temperature and rainfall are going to be.

So for example, on Wednesday it's going to be overcast.

The temperature's going to be 15 degrees C, and the rainfall will be one millimetre.

Did you understand that? The fitness tracker data set.

Well, we have two columns, days, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, and number of steps in a numerical value such as 10,307.

What does this data set tell you? Pause the video and think again.

Okay.

How did you get on? Well, this data set tells us how many steps a person has done on a particular day.

So we can see on a Friday the person did 11,413 steps.

Wow, that's quite a lot! On Saturday they only did 4,341.

Maybe they were having a quieter day that day.

The sports dataset has five columns, team, played, won, lost and drawn.

The team column has a team name such as archers and badgers, and the other four columns have numerical data such as seven, eight, depending on the number of games they played, won, lost or drawn.

So what does this data set tell you? Pause the video and have a think.

Okay, well, this data set tells us how well the teams are doing.

It tells us, for example, which team has played the most games.

For example, the coasters and the ringers have played the most games, and we can see that the zoomers have lost no games at all.

Selecting a suitable data set is essential for accurately answering a specific question.

Let's check your understanding.

Which data set would you look at to find the warmest day? Pause the video and have a think about that question.

Okay, how did you get on? Which dataset would you look at to find the warmest day? If you put answer A, you would be correct.

Of course, it would be the weather data set, if we're looking for the warmest day.

Now going to move on to task A.

The first part of the task, you're going to choose which, if any, data set you could use to answer the question, and for the second part of the task, you're going to answer the question using the data set.

Let's have a go.

Which dataset would you use to answer the following question? What was the highest number of steps walked in a single day? Would you put A, weather, B, fitness tracker, C, sports, D, you can't use any of the data sets to answer this question.

Pause the video and have a think Welcome back.

How did you get on with that question? So, if you put B, fitness tracker, that will be the correct data set because with that data set, you can find out what was the highest number of steps walked in a single day.

Well done.

Let's keep going.

What was the highest number of steps walked in a single day? Pause the video and think about that question.

Okay, how did you get on? Were you able to identify what the highest number of steps walked in a single day was? If you said 12,139, you would be correct! That's how many steps were walked on Monday.

Which data set would you use to answer the following question? Which team has won the most games? Would you use A, the weather dataset, B, the fitness tracker data set, C, the sports dataset, or D, you can't use any of the data sets to answer this question.

Pause the video, think about the question.

Okay, how did you get on? Were you able to identify the correct dataset? Well, if you said answer C, that would be correct.

You could use the sports dataset to identify which team has won the most games.

Well done.

You're doing great at this.

Which team has won the most games? Look at the dataset and think about the question.

Okay, how did you get on? Did you identify that the zoomers have won the most games? They've won five, which is the highest number of games won across all of the teams. Well done.

Which dataset would you use to answer the following question? Which day had the most rain? Would it be A, the weather data set? B, the fitness tracker data set, C, the sports dataset, or D, you can't use any of the data sets to answer this question? Pause the video and have a think.

How did you get on? Were you able to identify the correct dataset? Well, if you put A, the weather dataset, that would be correct because the weather dataset will show you which day had the most rain.

Let's keep going.

Which day had the most rain? Pause the video, look at the data set and we'll come back in a moment.

Welcome back.

How did you get on? Were you able to identify which day had the most rain? Well, if you said Tuesday, you'll be correct because on Tuesday there was two millimetres of rainfall, which is the most across the whole week.

Which data set would you use to answer the following question? How many games have the badgers won? Would it be A, the weather data set, B, the fitness tracker dataset, C, the sports data set, or D, you can't use any of the data sets to answer this question? Pause the video and think about it.

Okay, so what do you say? If you say C, the sports data set, that will be correct.

Well done.

How many games have the badgers won? Look at the dataset, pause the video.

We'll come back in a moment.

Okay, how did you do? Were you able to identify that four, badgers won four of their games? Well done.

Let's move on.

Which dataset would you use to answer this question? Who is the fastest? The weather dataset, fitness tracker dataset, the sports dataset, or you can't use any of the datasets to answer this question, Pause the video and think.

Okay, how did you get on? If you selected D, you can't use any of the data sets to answer this question.

You will be right because if you think about it, the data sets that we have looked at don't contain any data about who was the fastest.

We're now going to move on to the second part of today's lesson where we will suggest questions to be answered using a data set.

Let's get started.

In the last activity, not every question could be answered using the weather, fitness tracker and sports data sets, questions must be planned and the data collected must be created to answer specific questions as part of their science lessons.

Year one have been doing an experiment, who can grow the tallest sunflower.

Each child planted their sunflower seed in a pot with soil, labelled them and chose where they would place their sunflower in the playground.

Some children chose sunny spots and others chose shady spots.

The children watered their sunflowers regularly and took a measurement every two weeks.

They measured their sunflowers with a metre stick and recorded the measurements in a table in their science books.

Here are the results from all of the children.

The data set has a column called name, which has the children's names, Alex, Izzy, for example.

There are also five columns that have week 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 in them.

Within those columns, there are numerical values.

The height of the sunflower is recorded in those columns in centimetres.

Think about what questions you could ask the year one children based on their data set.

When you're asking questions, remember to start with a good question starter.

Here are some examples, who, how many, which and what? Are you familiar with those? You've probably used them before in your writing.

You also need to think carefully about what the data set tells you and ask appropriate questions.

Ask yourself a question first and see if you can answer it using the data set.

Then you know it's a good question.

What questions could you ask the year one children about their data? I want you to pause the video and have a good look at the data set and maybe come up with two or three questions.

Okay, how did you get on? Did you come up with some example questions? Questions could include who grew the tallest sunflower? Who grew the smallest sunflower? What height was the tallest sunflower? And whose sunflower was 66 centimetres in week six? Now, let's stop for a moment and check your understanding.

Which of these words are good question starters? A, how much, B, then, C, which and D, what.

Pause the video and give that question some thought.

Okay, how did you get on? Well, if you chose A, C and D, then you would be correct because how much, which and what are all examples of good question starters.

Well done, you're doing really well so far.

Let's keep going.

Here we have a true or false question, true or false? You can use a data set to answer any question, true or false? Pause the video, give the statement some consideration.

Okay, how did you get on? Well, if you said "False," you would be correct, but why is that? Well, you can use a data set to answer a question, plus it needs to be appropriate to the data set being used, so remember the questions earlier on in the lesson where we were asking for the fastest person.

We didn't have that data, so we couldn't answer the question.

Let's move on to task B.

For task B, the first part of the task is to look at the table.

You're then going to think of some questions that you could answer, if this table of data were complete.

I'll give you a couple of examples.

You might say, what was the highest temperature? When was the room quietest? Let's have a go.

Classroom data, as part of a year four science experiments, temperature, sound, and light levels were recorded in the morning, at lunchtime and at home time.

What questions could you ask if this table of data were complete? Pause the video and give this some thoughts and we'll come back in a moment for some feedback.

Okay, how did you get on? Let's have a look at an example response.

Here are the questions that Izzy came up with.

What time of day was the hottest? Was it quieter at lunchtime or home time? Was it brighter in the morning or at home time? What was the highest light level? When was our classroom the quietest? What was the lowest temperature recorded in our classroom? How did your questions compare? Did you come up with some similar questions? Well done for having a go.

Let's move on.

We're now going to move on to the third section of our lesson.

Identify how data can be gathered over time.

Collecting data over time.

You'll now watch a one minute video and collect data.

You're going to choose one option to count from the following options, A, count red cars, B, count black cars, C, count blue cars, D, count silver cars, E, count white cars or F, count vehicles that are not cars, okay, so you choose one of those options now.

(cars whooshing) (cars whooshing) (cars whooshing) (cars whooshing) (cars whooshing) (cars whooshing) (cars whooshing) (car engine revving) (cars whooshing) (cars whooshing) (cars whooshing) Okay, so you will have noticed that not all of the vehicles were on the screen right away.

You had to wait for the vehicle to drive past.

In this activity, you have collected data over time.

Does the data you collected match the data in the table? Red cars, number 5, black cars, 12, blue cars, 3, silver cars, 14, white cars, 3, non-car, 2.

Another example of data gathered over time is the census.

The census is carried out by the government every 10 years.

It includes who lives with you, what are their ages? Are they employed? What are their qualifications and what is their religion? This is a questionnaire that normally comes through the post and you can also complete it online.

Every household in the country would fill in a questionnaire.

Can you think of any of the data that is gathered regularly? There are lots of examples of data gathered over time in the world around us, health, such as fitness trackers, thermometers, heart rate monitors in hospitals, environments and weather, data loggers gauging the temperature, the wind speed or the amount of rain.

Sports, for example, the speed of a runner in a sprint or the speed of a car in a race, the score of a cricket match or the score given to a gymnast in a competition.

How can gathering data over time be useful to us? Gathering data over time can reveal trends, patterns, and changes that help us to make better decisions.

Let's check your understanding.

Which of the following could be examples of data gathered over time? A, the number of monthly subscribers to a magazine.

B, the census, C, the capital city of France.

Pause the video and give that question some thoughts.

Okay, how did you get on? Well, if you said A, the number of monthly subscribers to a magazine, that would be correct.

If you said B, census, that would also be correct.

They both show data gathered over time.

Another example of data being collected over time is the class register.

Here's an example of the class register.

You can see we've got multiple columns.

We have name with all the students' names such as Aisha and Andeep.

We have Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday for the days of the week, and also the date is included.

For example, the seventh of the fifth, the eighth of the fifth, and then Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday are split into two more columns and we have AM and pm, AM registration and PM registration.

To understand the register, we need to understand these symbols.

The forward slash means present in the morning.

The back slash means present in the afternoon.

A stands for absent from school and school has been informed.

O is unauthorised absence, school has not been informed and L equals late to school.

We're going to read this paragraph together and you are going to fill the blank spaces with the words underneath.

How can gathering data over time be useful to us? Data over can reveal patterns and changes, which can help us to make more decisions.

Okay, pause the video and choose informed, trends, gathering or time and put them in the correct place.

How did you get on? Let's have a look which words go into the blank spaces? How can gathering data over time be useful to us? Gathering data over time can reveal trends, patterns, and changes, which can help us to make more informed decisions.

Did you get the words in the correct place? Well done if you did.

If not, maybe go back over some of the content that we've learned today.

Let's have a look at the task C.

Firstly, you're going to use the register to answer the following questions.

What data is shown here? How has the data been gathered over time? Secondly, you're going to consider what can you tell from the data and how might this be helpful.

Let's have a look at the data together.

What data is shown here? Look at the data set and pause the video to answer the question.

Welcome back.

How did you get on? Let's have a look at an example response.

John said, the data shows which children in year four D were present or absent each morning and afternoon from Monday, the 7th of May to Friday, the 11th of May.

It all also shows any children who were late to school.

How did you get on? How has the data been gathered over time? Look at the dataset and answer the question.

Pause the video.

How did you get on? Let's have a look at the example response.

Jun said, "Data is added every morning and every afternoon.

A mark is placed next to each child's name, A for absence, a line for present, L for late, and O for unauthorised absence.

If it's like my school, they will call out each child's name and then put the mark in the register.

This goes to the school office so they can combine the whole school's data." What can you tell from the data and how might this be helpful? Pause the video and answer the question after looking at the data set.

Okay, how did you do? Let's have a look at the example response.

"The data is really important because the school needs to know which children are in school or not on the day, for example, if there is a fire.

By gathering data over time, it will help teachers to see who has missed bits of work.

The school office will be able to track absences and offer support when they see patterns.

Children who are always late can be tracked and systems can be put in place to make sure they get into school on time and don't miss any learning." So now at the end of today's lesson, you have done a great job, so, well done.

Let's summarise what we have learned.

Data collected over time can reveal trends, patterns, and changes.

Selecting a suitable data set is essential for accurately answering a specific question.

Effective questions are those that can be clearly answered using the available data.

Thank you for joining today's lesson, and I look forward to seeing you next time.