Lesson video

Hi everyone, my name is Mrs. Jenkins.

I can't wait to learn with you today.

Hi everyone, welcome to today's lesson from the unit, "Introduction to Computer Networks." Today's lesson is called "Digital Systems," and by the end of today's lesson you will be able to describe how systems are made up of different parts that work together.

In today's lesson, we have four key words.

Those words will appear throughout the lesson, so it's really useful to know what they mean before we get started.

Our four words are system, input, process and output.

System, is a group of parts or components that work together to complete a task or solve a problem.

Input, is something that goes into a system to make it work.

Process, is the steps or actions taken to complete the task.

And output is the result produced by the system after it processes the input.

So those four words again are system, input, process and output.

Look out for them throughout the lesson.

Today's lesson is split into three sections.

We have recognised that systems are built up of parts.

Identify the input process and output of a system.

And explore how different systems work together.

We're going to start with recognise that systems are built up of parts.

What does the word system mean? A system is a number of things, parts, components, people that work together to complete or perform a task.

Can you name any parts of this bicycle? Here we have all the different labels for the bicycle, chains, sprockets, spoke, tyre, wheel, seat, frame, handlebars, brake lever, brake cable, brake calliper, brake pad, front fork and pedal.

The handlebars are connected to the front fork.

Moving the handlebars allows the rider to steer the bike.

This could be called the steering system.

True or false, a system is made up of parts that work together, have a go.

How did you get on? I asked you true or false.

A system is made up of parts that work together.

It is true, a system is made up of parts that work together.

Looking back at our picture of the bicycle, can you describe any other systems on this bicycle? We had the brake system, brake lever, brake cable, brake calliper, brake pad and wheel.

The brake lever is connected to a cable.

So the cable connects to the brake calliper.

Brake pads are attached to the calliper and when the brake lever is pulled, the brake pads are pushed against the wheel slowing down the bicycle.

We have the wheel system.

The wheel, tyre, spoke and sprocket.

The wheel centre connects to the rim with spokes, the tyre fits on the rim and the centre allows the wheel to spin.

And then we have our drive system.

We have our pedal, wheel, sprocket and chain.

The pedals connect to the front sprocket.

The front sprocket is connected to the back sprocket with a chain.

The back sprocket is connected to the back wheel.

Pushing on the pedals makes the back wheel turn.

Do you think the bicycle can be described as a system? Yes, a system is a number of things, parts, components, or people that work together to complete or perform a task.

A bicycle has a number of different systems. A system is made up of parts.

These parts work together to make something happen.

A bicycle has several systems, brake system, drive system, wheel system.

Each system has smaller parts that work together.

This is what makes the bicycle move, stop and work properly.

We are going to start task A now.

I would like you to look at the pictures of these everyday objects.

For each one, describe if it is a system, describe any smaller systems within it, and note how the parts work together.

We have a scooter, a torch, and a rollercoaster.

Have a go.

How did you get on? I asked you to look at my three objects and decide if they were a system.

The first object was a scooter.

Is this a system? Yes.

Why? A scooter is made up of different parts that work together to allow it to move.

The smaller systems within it.

We have a steering system, handlebars, stem and fork allow the rider to control the direction.

We have the wheel system, wheels, bearings and axles allow the scooter to roll.

And how do the parts work together? Well, the input is the rider pushes off with their foot.

The process, the wheels roll, and the output, the scooter moves.

Then we have our torch.

Is this a system? Yes.

And the reason why.

It has multiple parts that work together to produce light.

The smaller systems within it.

We have a power system, batteries store and supply energy.

And a light system.

A bulb or LED converts electricity into light.

And how the parts work together, the input, the switch is turned on, the process, the electrical circuit allows energy to flow.

And the output, the torch produces light.

And then we have our rollercoaster.

Is this a system? Yes.

Why? A rollercoaster is made up of different parts and functions that allow it to function.

Smaller systems within it, we have the track system, rails, guide, the rollercoaster car, the lift system.

A chain or cable pulls the car up the first hill.

And gravity and braking system.

Gravity moves the car down and breaks slow it at the end.

And how do the parts work together? The input, the chain pulls the car up, the process, gravity pulls it down the track.

And output the car moves through, loops and turns.

Well done.

We are going to move on to our second learning cycle now.

Identify the input process and output of a system.

The bicycle had many different systems that were needed to make it work.

For a system to work, it needs an input, and that's what goes into a system to start it.

The process, what happens inside the system.

And the output, what comes out or happens at the end? We have a washing machine here and we've got some labels for the input and output.

The dials are the input.

The process is the washing of clothes, the output is the display and the washed clothes.

A modern washing machine is an example of digital system.

The buttons and dials on the front enable people to select a washing cycle, which is the input.

The process is the clothes being washed and the output is the digital display and washed clothes.

Let's have a little check here.

Which of these is the input in a washing machine? A, pressing the buttons or dials.

B, the spinning drum.

Or C, the clean clothes.

Have a go.

How did you get on? I asked you which of these is the input in a washing machine? A, pressing the buttons or dials.

B, the spinning drum.

Or C, the clean clothes.

The answer is A, pressing the buttons or dials is the input in a washing machine.

What could be the input process and output for a microwave? The input would be pressing the time and heat button.

The process, food is being heated.

Plate in the middle is spinning.

And the output, food is cooked and the display counts down and the microwave beeps.

True or false? The process in a system is what happens before the input.

Have a go.

How did you get on? I asked you true or false? The process in a system is what happens before the input.

The answer is false and the reason why, the process happens after the input is given, it is what the system does with that input.

Laura asks, "Is there a difference between digital and non-digital systems?" Not all systems are digital, but they still have an input process and output.

A digital system will often have a computer-based process.

While a non-digital system may have humans completing processes.

You are going to design your own talking teddy for task B.

It'll need an input process and an output.

For example, if you press it's paw, it'll say hello.

Your design should include parts you would need, inputs, processes, and outputs.

What else could you make it do? Have a go.

How did you get on? I asked you to design a teddy.

Your design should have included parts you would need, inputs, processes and outputs.

Share your ideas with the rest of your class so that we can compare all the different teddies.

Great job.

We are going to move on to learning cycle three now.

We're going to explore how different systems work together.

Jacob has asked us, "Have you ever seen or used a smart locker like one of these?" This is a smart locker.

A smart locker allows customers to collect online orders from a convenient location at a time that suits them.

The customer is sent a code which they can scan or key into the locker to open it.

What do you think happens after the customer places their order? Which of these systems helps the customer collect their parcel? A torch, a smart locker system, or a cooking system? How did you get on? I asked you which of these systems helps the customer collect their parcel.

A torch, a smart locker system, or a cooking system? The answer is a smart locker system.

We're gonna break down the process a bit more now.

The process is broken down into many different systems. The customer orders an item online.

The website sends the order to the warehouse using a digital system.

The process is broken down into many different systems. A warehouse worker receives that digital message.

The worker uses a scanner system to find the ordered item at the correct location.

Items are packed into boxes and machines label the boxes so they're shipped to the right location.

Delivery drivers use GPS and route systems to direct them to the locker.

And a digital system at the smart locker receives information about the parcel.

The customer receives a message on their phone with a code.

The customer enters the code into the smart locker and the correct door opens.

The system records when the parcel is collected.

True or false? A smart locker is a system because it has different parts working together.

Have a go.

How did you get on? I asked you true or false, a smart locker is a system because it has different parts working together.

It is true.

The smart locker has many different parts that work together to make it work.

Aisha asks us a really good question.

"Why do systems need to work together?" A single system cannot always do everything on its own.

It often needs other systems to complete a task.

A smart locker system depends on the ordering system, to know what has been bought, the warehouse system to find and pack the product.

The delivery system to get the parcel to the correct place.

The message system to let the customer know their order is ready.

Great question Aisha.

She has asked us, "What happens if one of the systems fail?" If any of these systems stop working, the process can break.

If the delivery system is delayed, the customer won't get their parcel on time.

If the payment system stops working, the customers cannot buy anything.

Sam has asked us, "Where else do you find multiple systems?" Interesting question.

There are many everyday services that have multiple systems including supermarkets, stocking shelves at checkout, self-service tills.

Or airports, ticket booking, checking in, transporting luggage.

We are going to move on to task C now.

I would like you to sequence the journey of a parcel from order to collection.

So include the systems involved, ordering, warehouse, delivery, smart locker.

What happens at each stage? And how these systems share information.

How did you get on? I asked you to sequence the journey of a parcel from order to collection.

To include the systems involved, ordering, warehouse, delivery, smart locker.

What happens at each stage? And how these systems share information.

The ordering system.

What happens? The customer places an order online.

And how is the information shared? The website sends the order details, the product, the address, the payment to the warehouse system.

The warehouse system.

What happens? The warehouse receives the order.

A worker or a robot picks the item and packs it and labels it.

And how is the information shared? The system updates the order status and sends shipping data to the delivery system.

And then the delivery system.

What happens? A delivery driver collects the package and transports it to the correct smart locker.

How is the information shared? The delivery system sends tracking updates and tells the smart locker which parcel is arriving.

And the smart locker system, what happens? The parcel is placed in the locker.

The system generates a unique code for the customer.

And how is the information shared? The customer sent a message by email or text with the collection code.

Collection and completion.

What happens? The customer enters their code, the looker opens and they collect their parcel.

How is the information shared? The system updates to show the parcel has been collected.

Great job everyone.

You have worked so hard today.

Let's summarise what we have learned.

A system is made up of parts.

These parts work together to make something happen.

A system needs an input, which is what goes into the system to start it.

A process, what happened in the system.

An output, what comes out or happens at the end.

A single system cannot always do everything on its own.

It often needs other systems to complete a task.

Super job everyone.

You have worked really hard today.

I hope to learn with you again soon.