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Hello, my name is Mrs. Andy Bush.
Welcome to computing.
Today, we're going to be learning about "Internet Addresses." I'm so glad you could join the lesson.
Welcome to today's lesson from the unit Communication and the Internet.
Today's lesson is called "Internet Addresses," and by the end of this lesson, you'll be able to explain the importance of internet addresses.
Throughout today's lesson, we'll be using some keywords.
Let's have a look at them together.
Internet protocol address, IP.
Internet protocol address, IP.
An identifier, such as 191.
168.
4.
8, that is assigned to a network device.
Domain name system, DNS.
Domain name system, DNS.
A system that matches website names to IP addresses.
Communication.
Communication.
The exchange of information between devices or people.
Today's lesson will be split into three parts.
The first section, recognise that devices have IP addresses.
The second section, understand how the DNS links names to addresses.
The third section, explain how addresses are used to access websites.
Let's get started.
Every time you access a website, send a message, or watch video online, data is transferred over the internet.
How do you use the internet? Pause the video and give that some thought.
Okay, what did you come up with? Well, maybe you send emails or maybe you play an online game with your friends or maybe you like to watch cartoons online.
There's lots of different ways that you use the internet every single day.
How do you communicate with someone in real life? Well, one person speaks and the other listens, they have a shared language.
This is clear turn taking.
Imagine if you didn't take turns when communicating with someone.
It would be very chaotic.
You wouldn't understand or be able to hear what the other person was saying or get clear messages across, would you? Computers also need to communicate with each other.
Digital communication is like a conversation that follows strict rules.
A protocol is an agreed way of doing something.
Just like we have rules for speaking politely, computers have communication rules too.
Can you think of a protocol or rule you follow at school? Pause the video and just think about that for a moment.
Okay, did you come up with some of these rules or protocols? Let's have a look at them together.
Some protocols or rules that are followed at school, walking on one side of the corridor, putting hands up to speak, taking turns in games.
These are all rules or protocols that we follow in school.
Maybe you found some other ones.
Devices need specific rules too.
Okay, I'm going to check your understanding now.
Let's look at this question together.
Which of these is a protocol? a, shouting all at once, b, taking turns to speak, c, guessing what others want, or d, all speaking different languages.
Pause the video and have a go at answering this question.
Okay, how did you get on? Which letter did you pick? Well, if you picked b, taking turn to speak, you will be correct.
As we've already discussed, when we have polite conversation, we take it in turns to speak so that we can understand each other.
a would be the wrong answer because shouting all at once just wouldn't work to effectively communicate, would it? Okay, let's think about this.
To send a letter, what do you need? Just pause the video for a moment and give that some thought.
Well, did you get these correct? To send a letter, what do you need? Well, to send a letter, you need an address, of course, and an envelope and a stamp.
But the main thing we need is an address, so we are sending letter or the communication to the correct place.
Did you identify that you need an address to send a letter? If you did, well done.
You're doing really great in this lesson so far.
Let's carry on.
So we identified that we need an address to send a letter, but which address will work best? Is it the first address on the top row that says J Smith, 256 High, Bigton? Is it the second address, 256, High Street, B16 1ON? Or is it the third address on the top line that says J Smith, B16 1ON.
Maybe it's the first address on the bottom line, J Smith, 256 High Street.
Or the second address on the bottom line, J Smith, 256, High Street, Bigton, B16 1ON.
Or is it the final address on the bottom line, J Smith, High Street, Bigton, B16 1ON? Give that some thought and pause the video.
How did you do? Did you guess that J Smith, 256, High Street, Bigton, B16 1ON was the correct address? If you did, well done.
Let's have a look why.
Which address will work best? Well, you've already identified that this address J Smith, 256, High Street, Bigton, B16 1ON is the correct address.
This is because this is a full address.
It has the name, J Smith.
It has a house number, 256.
It has the street which is High Street, the town which is Bigton, and the postcode, which is B16 1ON.
The other addresses were missing parts of the address.
Without a full address, the letter might get lost.
Izzy has a question.
She's asking, "What is an IP address?" Well, an IP address is a numbered address given to a networked computer.
It might look a bit like this, 192.
168.
1.
1.
IP address stands for internet protocol.
Izzy has another question.
"Why do devices need an IP address?" That's a really good question, Izzy.
Well, each device needs its own IP address to send and receive data.
It's a bit like every house has an address to send a letter.
If they don't have their own address, then the letter could go to the wrong place.
Okay, I'm going to check your understanding again.
True or false, each device on a network needs a unique IP address so that data can be sent to and from the right place.
Is that true or false? Pause the video and give that statement some thoughts.
How did you get on with that statement? Did you guess true? If you did, that's correct.
Remember what we said? Every device needs its own IP address so that the data goes to the correct place and doesn't get lost.
Well done.
You're doing great so far.
Now, we're going to have a look at Task A.
Which devices can communicate? Some of these devices can send and receive data.
One of them is missing something important.
We have a laptop, a tablet, and a desktop computer.
The laptop has an IP address, 192.
34.
76.
2.
The desktop computer has an IP address of 194.
74.
16.
8.
So which devices can communicate? I want you to think about these three questions.
Which device won't be able to send or receive data? Why can't it communicate? And explain why each device on a network needs an IP address? Okay, there's quite a lot to do there.
So pause the video and have a go.
How did you do? Let's have a look at an example.
So the question was, which devices can communicate? The first part of the question, which device won't be able to send or receive data? If you responded something like this, the tablet cannot send or receive data, that will be the correct answer.
So well done.
The second part was why can't it communicate? Well, if you responded, this device can't send or receive data because it does not have an IP address, then you would be correct.
And the final part of the question, explain why each device on a network needs an IP address? An IP address is important because it identifies the device and enables it to send and receive data.
What did you put for your response? Was it something similar? Did you get the key point that an IP address is important 'cause it identifies the device, and without it, it wouldn't be able to send and receive data.
If you did, well done.
If you found this question a little bit tricky, maybe go back over some of the content in the video to help you.
You are doing fantastic.
So let's move on.
We're now on to the second part of our lesson.
Understand how the DNS links names to addresses.
Let's get started.
Can you remember these numbers? 193.
25.
61.
10, 192.
34.
68.
4, 192.
168.
1.
1, 194.
24.
84.
12.
If I was to hide these numbers and ask you to recall them, could you remember them? It would be very tricky.
So let's have a look at this, which would be easy to remember? 192.
43.
23.
1 or www.
thenewsclub.
co.
uk? What do you think? Which one do you think would be easier to remember? Pause the video for a moment and think about it.
What do you think? Which would be easier? Well, it's easier to remember thenewsclub because people remember names better than numbers.
Izzy has a good question.
Why are names easier for people? Well, people prefer to use names because they are easier to remember and can be more meaningful.
Computers still need the numbers or the IP addresses.
Let's think about the previous example.
If you were online and you wanted to find some news and you'd been to a website previously, you would probably be able to remember that name, whereas you wouldn't remember the numbers associated with it.
You would probably quite easily be able to remember www.
thenewsclub.
co.
uk rather than the numbers that were associated with it.
Let's look at website addresses in a bit more detail.
A website address is known as its domain name.
Each website is hosted on a web server and each web server has an IP address.
A domain name system server is a special type of computer that works like an address book.
It matches IP addresses to the domain names.
We can see here in this image of an address book that if we were looking for the websites, Raspberrypi.
org, that the IP address associated to that will be 104.
22.
0.
43.
So we can see that it matches the IP address to the domains or the website address.
So Izzy wants to know how does DNS work? Well, firstly, we type a domain name or a website name.
Secondly, the DNS finds the matching IP address like we just saw in the previous slide.
It finds the IP address in the system like an address book.
Then thirdly, the device uses that IP address to find the website.
Okay, let's check your understanding, true or false.
The DNS helps your computer find the IP address for a website.
Pause the video and think about that statement.
Okay, what was your response? Well, if you put true, that will be correct.
The DNS does help your computer find the IP address.
Okay, let's have a look what John and Izzy are talking about.
John says, "Why don't we just type the IP address?" Izzy responds, "We don't need to remember the IP address.
The DNS does it in the background." And then John says, "I'm glad I don't have to type 192.
168.
42.
17 every time I want to read the reviews." Is this correct? She answered John's question quite accurately.
Let's check your understanding again.
A DNS matches a website name to its, a, email, b, server, c, IP address, or d, homepage.
Pause the video and select the correct option.
How did you do? If you selected c, IP address, that will be correct.
A DNS matches a website names to its IP address.
Well done.
Let's keep going.
Okay, we're now going to move on to Task B.
And in this task, you're going to fill in the blanks using the word bank at the bottom of the slide.
We have three words, name, message, IP, and you are going to put those words in the correct blank space.
Let's have a look at the paragraph together.
People usually find it easier to remember.
Than numbers.
A DNS helps by matching a website name to its.
Address.
This lets your computer send a.
To the right place and get the website you ask for.
Okay, pause the video and choose the correct words to go into the correct blank space.
Okay, let's have a look at the correct responses together.
Did you fill in the gaps correctly? Let's read through the paragraph.
People usually find it's easier to remember names than numbers.
A DNS helps by matching a website name to its IP address.
This lets your computer send a message to the right place and get the website you ask for.
Well done.
Did you fill the gaps correctly? Excellent.
Let's move on.
Now we're moving on to the third part of our lesson.
Explain how addresses are used to access websites.
Let's get started.
To find the news, I'm going to type www.
dailybyte.
org into a browser.
What happens next? I want you to pause the video and give that some thoughts.
Okay, let's have a look at the next slide when we'll find out actually what does happen.
Accessing a website, there are four steps.
One, the domain name is typed in.
Two, the DNS gets the matching IP address.
Three, the computer sends a message to that IP address.
And four, the website server sends back the data, which is when the website is displayed on your screen.
Jun and Izzy summarise this quite well.
"When I open a website, my computer is really sending a request to a specific IP address." "Yes, then the website server replies with data so I can see the page." Okay, let's check your understanding.
True or false, when you type a domain name, your computer uses an IP address to open and find it.
Is that true or false? Pause the video and give the statement some thoughts.
Okay, how did you get on? Well, the correct answer is true, because when you do type a domain name, your computer does use an IP address to open and find it.
Remember when we looked at the address book at the beginning of the lesson where the domain name is related to an IP address.
Okay, let's move on.
Izzy wants to know why is it important? Well, the internet wouldn't work without IP addresses.
Computers need to know exactly where to send requests.
Just like when we're sending letters through the post.
Let's check your understanding again.
What happens after your device gets the IP address from the DNS? a, it shuts down, b, it deletes the IP address, c, it sends a request to that IP address, or d, it opens a video game.
Pause the video and give this some thoughts.
Okay, how did you get on? Well, if you said c, that would be correct because once the device has the IP address, it sends a request to that address.
Then the web server sends the data that you requested to your browser and it displays it on the screen.
Okay, you're doing really well so far.
We're going to move on to the next task.
Task C, you're going to put the steps for accessing a website into the correct order.
You have a table here.
You have steps for accessing a website, and then on the right-hand side is where you're going to put your number order.
Okay.
Let's have a look at the steps.
Your device sends a request to the IP address.
The DNS finds the IP address for the website.
You type in a domain name.
The website sends the data back to your device.
Pause the video and have a go at putting these steps into the correct order by numbering them on the right-hand side of the table.
Okay, how did you get on? Let's have a look at the responses together.
So the first step is you type in a domain name.
The second step is the DNS finds the IP address for the website.
The third step is your device sends a request to the IP address.
And the fourth step is the website sends the data back to your device.
How did you get on? Did you get the order correct? Well done if you did.
If not, it was a little bit tricky, so go over some of the content we've learned today and have another go.
So we're at the end of today's lesson.
You have done a fantastic job, so well done.
I'm going to summarise what we've learned today.
A protocol is a fixed way of doing something.
An IP address is a numbered address given to a networked computer.
A website address is known as its domain name.
Each website is hosted on a web server.
Each web server has an IP address.
A Domain Name System Server is a special type of computer that works like an address book.
It matches IP addresses to the domains.
Thank you for joining today's lesson.
I hope you've enjoyed it, and I look forward to seeing you next time.
