Lesson video

Hello.

I'm Mr. Ballam.

Thanks very much for choosing this lesson.

This lesson is all about making Paska.

Let's get started, shall we? So what are we going to learn? Well, today you're going to be using your food skills to make a delicious dish called Paska.

And we're gonna find out a bit more about that.

But before we get started, I want to go through some keywords which we're gonna go through in today's lesson.

The first one is religion, and that's a system of faith, belief, or worship.

The next one is the Ukraine, which is a country in Eastern Europe.

The next one is Paska, and that's a traditional Easter bread from the Ukraine.

The fourth one is the word kneading, and that's a process of pulling, folding, and stretching a dough.

And you're gonna be doing that.

And the last one is zesting, which is to scrape away the outer layer of peel from a citrus fruit.

So let's get started with the first part of lesson all around food and religion.

Now, many foods are eaten to mark a religious event or a special occasion.

And these religious events are times of importance for those following a religion and are often celebrated each year.

And many religious events are celebrated with different foods.

So let's look at some examples together, shall we? Well, here's Hanukkah.

And this marks one of the greatest miracles in Jewish history, and things like potato pancakes, different breads and donuts, or brisket, which is cooked meat, they're all eaten.

And Passover will also be celebrated with families having a special meal with lots of different types of foods too.

And many Christians celebrate Christmas to remember the birth of Jesus Christ.

And popular foods here include things like turkey, mince pies and Christmas pudding too.

And these foods here are symbols of plenty, celebration and sharing.

So let's have a quick check for understanding, shall we? So which two breads are eaten for Hanukkah and Passover? Yes, that's right.

It's the first one, A.

What's the other one? That's right, B.

Well done if you got those correct.

Another example is Eid, which is celebrated by most Muslims, and it marks the end of the month-long fasting of Ramadan.

And again, there might be lots of different foods that are eaten.

You can see a couple on the screen here, but it might include things like dates, biryani, samosas, and sweet dishes too.

Another example is Diwali, which is a major event for many Hindus.

And Diwali recipes celebrate the festival of light, which is the triumph of good over evil.

And people light lamps and share sweets too.

And popular foods includes very sweet food as well as savoury snacks like samosas.

Another example is Vaisakhi, which is an important festival for most Sikhs, and it marks their foundation and it's held in the spring.

And Sikhs celebrate nature's bounty with a banquet of foods.

So things like spicy tandoori treats to cool lassi and sweet puddings too.

And Buddhists, for example, they celebrate Vesak, which is Buddha's birth enlightenment, when he became wise, and also his death.

And often dishes such as milk rice, kheer, which is a rice pudding, and sticky rice with mango, fruit, and vegetarian dishes are also served.

And the most important thing for them is not the food, but it's the kindness and generosity shared with others.

So let's have a quick check for understanding, shall we? And you can see here, I want you to link the two remaining boxes together.

Okay, let's see how you got on, shall we? So the top one? Yes, that's right.

That goes down to the bottom one.

Diwali, the festival of lights.

And then how does that link on? And what foods do they have? Yes, that's right, different types of sweets and savoury snacks.

And that means, Eid? That's right.

Celebrated by most Muslims. And that's right, foods like dates, biryani, samosas and sweet dishes too.

Brilliant work if you've got that one right.

And for many Christians, Easter celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ on the third day after his crucifixion.

And hot cross buns and Easter eggs are often eaten.

And hot cross buns represents the crucifixion and the eggs represent rebirth.

But also it's important to remember not everyone celebrates a festival in the same way.

And the way religious events are celebrated varies based on where people live, their culture, and their worldview too.

So for example, Christmas is widely celebrated by people of many worldviews, not just Christians.

And they may be religious or non-religious, and many will focus on family, giving and joy.

So in this lesson, we're going to be making Paska.

And Paska is a traditional Easter bread from the Ukraine, and it's usually made with eggs, butter, sugar, and sometimes raisins, and it has a light, sweet taste.

And the bread is often beautifully decorated with designs such as crosses, which represents Jesus, flowers, symbolising new life, and braids or swirls, which is all about eternity and faith.

And you can see here on the top, some beautifully decorated breads.

And at Easter, family's bake Paska and take it to church in a basket along with other foods to be blessed.

And this blessing happens during the Easter Sunday service symbolising joy and celebration of Jesus Christ rising from the dead, the resurrection.

And the Paska is then shared with loved ones as part of a festive meal.

And it represents life, hope, and faith in Ukrainian culture.

Now the ingredients for Paska include flour, yeast, egg, sugar, and also milk.

It might also include things like fruit, raisins, nuts, and saffron, which is a type of spice.

So let's have a quick check for understanding, shall we? So Paska is a traditional something bread from the something.

Good luck.

Well, that's right.

The first word is Easter.

And the second word? Yes, brilliant.

Ukraine.

You've done really well so far.

Well done to you.

So I've got a task for you now.

I want you to answer the questions from these pupils.

So the first one is, how do religions celebrate events with food? The second one, what foods are served for Eid? And lastly, what types of foods are served at other important religious events? So good luck to you.

Pause the video and we'll come back very soon to see how you've got on.

Okay, so how did you get on? I bet you did really well, didn't you? Let's look at an example together, shall we? So here's the question.

What did you put? Well, you may have put things like: different religions celebrate events with a variety of foods and the foods will have a special significance.

And perhaps some foods are traditional as well.

And some foods symbolise the event.

So for example, hot cross buns.

How about the second question? Well, you could have put that it's celebrated to mark the end of Ramadan.

And perhaps dates, biryani, samosas and sweet dishes are eaten to celebrate.

And the last question? Yes, well, it depends on the religion, doesn't it? So for Hanukkah, there are things like potato pancakes, bread and donuts are eaten.

Or perhaps Diwali includes sweets and savoury snacks.

And Christians have hot cross buns and Easter eggs too.

And I'm sure you've come up with lots of different answers too.

You've done brilliantly today, well done.

Now let's move on to the second part of the lesson, all around making the Paska.

And to make it, you're gonna use lots of different food skills.

One really important one is measuring, and we're gonna be using the weighing scales.

And it's really important that the weighing scales display zero before you weigh anything.

So you are making it really accurate.

We're also gonna be using a measuring jug, and it's important to put the measuring jug on a flat surface when you measure the different liquids.

And also we're going to be using measuring spoons, and it sounds silly, but make sure you use the right spoon.

We're also going to be zesting.

So you're gonna hold the orange carefully on a chopping board, and you're gonna run the zester down the sides of the orange.

And the zester peels away the zest away from the orange skin, just like in the photo here.

And if you haven't got a zester, the fine side of a grater can also be used to zest the orange.

Now, which of these pieces of equipment can be used to zest an orange? A, B, C? Well, that's right, yes.

A 'cause that's a zester.

Anything else? Yes, brilliant, well done.

B: The fine side of a grater.

Great work.

We're also going to be slicing.

So we're going to slice the orange in half using the bridge hold.

And you need to always be careful when you're handling a knife.

Then let's have a look at the bridge hold in action, shall we? So the pupil's putting the food on the chopping board, and then they're going to pick up the knife and then put their fingers and thumb each side and they're gonna run their knife through.

So it's a very safe way to cut.

Let's look at that again, shall we? So the food's on the chopping board, the thumb one side, fingers the other to make a bridge and cut it in half.

We're also going to be juicing.

We're going to be juicing the orange.

So we're gonna hold the juicer carefully on the chopping board.

Then we need to twist the orange on top.

And the twisting releases the juice from the orange, just like you can see here in the photos.

Now citrus fruits can all be juiced in this way.

I want you now to name four citrus fruits.

What did you come up with? Well, there's a quick one, orange, 'cause that's already on the screen.

Perhaps a lemon, a lime, and something else? A grapefruit as well.

So they are four different types of citrus fruits, and I'm sure there's a few more as well that you might have got.

Well done.

Now let's have a look at juicing in action, shall we? So the pupil's carefully cutting the citrus fruit in half and putting it on the chopping board.

They're going to get their juicer and put it carefully down.

Then they're going to hold the juicer carefully and twist the fruit in order to release the juices.

We're also going to be rubbing in and we're going to rub the butter or the spread into the flour.

And we're gonna use our fingertips to rub in.

And we can shake the bowl very gently to make sure any big lumps come up to the top.

So we can rub them in.

And we're gonna rub it in until it looks like breadcrumbs.

We're also going to be mixing, and we're going to mix the flour, yeast, salt, and water together.

And if the dough is too dry, add a little water using a spoon, or if it's too sticky, add a little flour using a spoon.

We're also going to be kneading, so we're gonna knead the dough on a floured surface.

And you can use a flour dredger or perhaps using a spoon from a bag or a bowl.

And kneading is the process for pulling, folding, and stretching the dough.

And we're going to knead the dough for 10 minutes.

I wonder what these pupils are going to say to each other? "Do I really need to knead the dough for 10 minutes?" "Yes," says Aisha.

"But why? My arms will ache," says Jacob.

"Kneading helps the dough to become smooth and elastic, helping the bread to rise." So you can see here, it's really important that we knead the dough for 10 minutes.

So a quick check for understanding.

So what happens to the dough by kneading? A, B, C, D? That's right.

It becomes smooth, elastic.

Well done.

Let's have another quick check too.

So true or false? The dough does not need to be kneaded.

Well, that's false, isn't it? And why is that? Well, the dough should be needed for 10 minutes until it is smooth and elastic.

And the kneading helps the dough to rise.

Great work.

Well done.

We're also going to be shaping.

Now first of all, we're going to divide the dough into three.

And then one piece we're going to shape into a round base, just like you can see here, and we're gonna put it into a foil tray.

Then we're going to roll the other two pieces into long strips.

Then we're going to twist them together, just like you can see here.

Then we're gonna circle the twist on the base.

We're also going to be brushing and we're going to brush milk over the top of the Paska.

And when baked, the milk gives the Paska a good colour.

We're also going to be using the oven to bake, just like in the photo here.

And in this recipe, we put the dough into a cold oven, and then we turn up the heat.

And I'm going to bake the dough for 20 minutes.

And remember, always use oven gloves when you're putting food into or taking food out of the oven, it gets really hot.

Okay, so now I want you to go and make your Paska, but before you do, I want you to make sure you are ready to cook.

So you need to make sure you tie up any long hair, remove jumpers, wash your hands, and wear an apron too.

Plus you need to make sure you've got your ingredients and your equipment ready, so you're ready to cook.

And then while you prep and cook, I want you to be safe and hygienic.

I want you to think about using your food skills accurately and precisely, but also I want you to look how the ingredients change.

So when you are kneading the dough, it becomes soft and elastic, and then the dough rises when it's baked too.

So here's the ingredients that you need.

And here's the equipment that you need.

So you might want to pause the video now while you go and get these ready.

And here's part one of the method, and here's part two of the method, and here's the last part of the method.

So good luck to you.

I'm sure you're gonna do really, really well.

And come back very soon, see how you've got on.

Good luck.

Okay, so how did you get on? Is your bread good? Did it rise? Bet it smells great, doesn't it? Well, let's have a look through the recipe together, to see how you were successful.

Well, the first thing you would've done was to line the foil tray with some greaseproof paper, or perhaps you used some spray oil.

We then zested the orange, then you've cut the orange in half and juiced it, then you go and crack the egg into a small bowl and beaten in it with a fork.

Then you rubbed the butter or the spread into the flour.

Next you would've added the orange zest, the juice, and the beaten egg to the liquid and stirred it well.

Then you would've mixed the flour, the yeast and the raisins together.

Then you would've added half the liquid into the mixing bowl and mixed it with a spoon.

And you produce a lovely soft dough.

You need to make sure it's not too dry, but not too sticky either.

And you would've added a little bit more liquid to make sure you had a nice soft dough, but not too sticky too.

You might not have needed all of the liquid.

Then you would've kneaded a dough on a floured surface for 10 minutes.

Then you would've divided it into three even-sized pieces.

You would've shaped one piece into the base, and then you would've rolled out the other two pieces into long strips and twisted them together.

Then you would've circled the twist on top of the dough base.

You would've brushed it with milk, and then you've put the bread into a cold oven and then turned up the heat immediately.

And then we've baked it for 20 minutes.

Brilliant work.

Well done to you.

Well, I hope you really enjoyed making your Paska and learning about food in religion too.

Let's have a quick summary about what we've learned today, shall we? Well, the first thing is that there are many foods that are eaten to mark religious events and special occasions.

And Paska is a traditional Easter bread from the Ukraine, and kneading helps the dough to become smooth and elastic, helping the bread to rise.

And we've used lots of different types of food skills too.

And these have included things like measuring zesting, slicing, juicing, rubbing in, mixing, kneading, shaping, brushing, and using an oven too to bake.

Wow, you've done so much.

And I really hope you enjoyed the lesson, and you'll come back very soon for another cooking and nutrition lesson with me.

Thanks a lot.

Bye.