Lesson video

Hello, I'm Mr. Ballam.

Thanks for choosing this lesson all around making food safe to eat.

Let's get started, shall we? So what are we going to learn today? Well, by the end of today's lesson, you will be able to name the different ways that you can keep food safe to eat.

But before we get started, I've got five keywords, which I want to go through with you first of all, which we're going to pick up in the lesson today.

The first one is food safety, and these are all the practises that are used to keep food safe to eat.

The second one is foodborne, and this is illnesses caused by consuming contaminated food or drinks.

The next one is bacteria, and these are tiny, single-celled organisms. Some are harmless, but some can cause food poisoning.

The next one is mould, and this is a type of fungus, but some can be unsafe to eat.

And the last one is preserve.

And these are methods to keep food safe to eat in the future, such as freezing or canning, for example.

So let's get started with the first part of the lesson all around food safety, shall we? Now, food safety, keeping our food safe, is important for our health.

And if we do not keep food safe, it can make us ill.

And we need to make sure that food is in a good condition and cooked properly so it does not give us food poisoning.

And the UK Food Standards Agency estimates there are roughly 2.

4 million foodborne illnesses or cases of food poisoning every year in the UK.

So let's have a quick check that you've been listening, shall we? So the UK Food Standards Agency estimates that there are blank foodborne illnesses each year in the UK.

So is it A, B, C, or D? That's right, it's C, isn't it? 2.

4 million.

Well done.

Great work.

Now, food safety is a broad term, which can also include food hygiene, and food safety covers things like producing our food, so growing plants and rearing animals, as well as processing our food.

So washing apples, cooking meat, making cheese and milling wheat into flour, for example.

And the red tractor on food packaging can show that the food has been produced and processed to high standards of food safety as well as animal welfare too.

And there are other labels that you can also find on food packaging.

Now, food safety also includes the safe food sources, thorough cooking and good storage too.

And food hygiene is a part of food safety.

It deals with cleanliness and conditions needed to maintain food safety.

So for example, food hygiene includes getting ready to cook, so washing our hands, cleaning equipment, and preventing bacteria spreading.

So cross contamination.

So true or false? Food safety covers producing and processing our food as well as using safe food sources.

Proper cooking and storage too.

Yes, that's true, isn't it? And why is that? Well, food safety does cover all aspects of producing and processing our food, as well as using safe food sources, proper cooking and good storage too.

Brilliant, well done.

Now, some foods, such as apples, strawberries, or carrots are safe to eat raw, i.

e.

they don't need to be cooked, but we still need to wash them first.

Why do you think that's important? Well, let's have a look together, shall we? Well, we need to wash them first because they might have dirt from the ground on them.

They might have tiny bugs or insects that were on the plant, or perhaps they've got bacteria on them.

So it's really important that we wash raw fruits and vegetables before we eat them.

And washing the foods in cold water helps to remove these things.

Let's have a quick check, shall we? So what are we trying to remove by washing raw fruits and vegetables? A, B, C? Yes, that's right, B, insects.

Anything else? Yes, well done.

Dirt as well.

That's great work.

Now, other foods such as raw chicken, pork sausages, or beef mints must be cooked all the way through before we eat it.

And if it is not cooked properly, they might still contain bacteria and this could make you ill.

And the high heat helps to kill the bacteria.

So meat needs to be cooked until it's hot all the way through.

There are no pink bits inside and the juices run clear too.

So it's really important that we do not eat raw meat.

And bacteria are single-celled organisms. And some bacteria are good like those used to make yoghourt, but others can make us ill.

And in food, bacteria grow quickly on food if it is left out too long or not stored properly.

Also, they don't always make the food look or smell bad, but they can still make us ill.

So we always need to make sure we store food properly.

Okay, let's have a quick check.

So what's the missing word here? So if meat is not cooked properly, it might still contain something which can make you ill.

A, B, C, or D? Yes.

Great work.

That's D, isn't it? Bacteria.

Brilliant.

Now how we store food is also important for food safety.

And some tips include putting cold foods such as milk, cheese, cooked meat and leftovers in the fridge.

This is to stop bacteria from growing.

And closing the fridge door is really important and keeping it at the right temperature too.

And also we need to make sure we cover raw meat that we put in the fridge, keeping it at the bottom of the fridge so it doesn't drip onto any other food.

Other tips include things like storing food, such as bread, packets and cans in cupboards where it's cool and dry.

And also we need to make sure we check date marks so it's eaten while it's still good to eat too.

Okay, so where should raw meat be kept in the fridge? A, B, or C? Yes, that's right, it's C, isn't it? At the bottom.

And do you remember, we put it at the bottom so none of the meat can drip onto any other food? Great work.

Now, leftover food such as a curry, it should be cooled quickly and stored in the fridge and eaten within two days, only one day for rice-based dishes.

And when reheating leftovers, we need to make sure the food is piping hot all the way through, not just warm.

And also, leftovers should only be reheated once.

So I've got a task for you now, and what I want you to do is to answer the following questions about food safety from these pupils.

And the first one is, "Why is food safety important?" Hmm? What would you put? And the next one, "Do I have to wash fruit and veg when I'm in a rush?" Hmm.

I think I know the answer to that one.

Next question: "Where should I store cheese? Why? What about raw meat?" And the last question, "What tips do you have around leftovers and food safety?" So good luck to you.

I'm sure you're gonna do really, really well.

Pause the video and we'll come back very soon to see how you've answered these questions.

Good luck.

Okay, how did you get on? I bet you did really well.

Well, let's look at some example answers, shall we? That you could have put.

I'm sure you got something like these.

So the first one, "Why is food safety important?" Well, food safety keeps our food safe to eat.

And if we do not keep it safe, it could make us ill, which is really a problem.

And 2.

4 million people in the UK have food poisoning or are ill each year.

How about the next question? "Do I have to wash fruit and veg when I'm in a rush?" Izzy! Yes, of course you do! It helps to remove dirt, bugs or insects and bacteria too.

It makes the raw fruits and vegetables safe to eat.

How about the next question? "What tips do you have around leftovers and food safety?", asks Alex.

Well, cool the food as quickly as possible, first of all, then we need to use it within two days.

But remember only one day for rice.

And also when we reheat it, we need to make sure it's piping hot.

And also we can only reheat leftovers once.

Do you remember? And the last question, "Where should I store cheese? Why? What about raw meat?" Well, foods like cheese need to be stored in the fridge and this helps the bacteria from growing.

And raw meat, do you remember? Needs to be stored at the bottom of the fridge so it doesn't drip on anything else.

What great work.

You've done really well so far.

Now let's move on to the second part of the lesson all around preserving food.

So foods can be preserved to keep them safe to eat in the future.

And we can use methods like freezing and canning, 'cause if we don't do it and the food is left too long, bacteria and mould can grow.

Can you see the piece of bread there? It's mouldy, isn't it? And the bacteria and mould makes the food go off, unsafe to eat, which means it can have an off smell and look strange too.

The food also could make us ill with food poisoning.

Now mould is a fungus, a bit like mushrooms and gross fuzzy patches on the food and can be lots of different colours like green, blue, white, and black.

Can you see that mouldy loaf of bread? Look at that orange! They don't look very good do they? And mould grows on food if it is left out too long, particularly if it's warm.

So food with mould can taste and smell off.

It can also be harmful to health.

It's unsafe to eat.

So if food has mould, the food should not be eaten, especially with soft foods like bread, yoghourt, or fruit.

Okay, well let's see what Jacob and Laura are saying to each other.

Well, there's some cheese.

Do you recognise that cheese? That's a blue cheese, that's called a Stilton cheese.

"Can I still eat this? It looks mouldy," says Jacob.

"Yes, you can because it's blue cheese," says Laura.

The cheese is intentionally made with mould that is safe to eat.

And the mould gives the cheese a distinctive smell and taste.

So we can eat some moulds, but we need to make sure that they're the right type, that they're safe to eat.

So true or false? If food has mould, such as fruit, yoghourts or bread, it can be cut off so the remaining food can be eaten.

Well, that's false, isn't it? And why is that? Well, if the food has mould, the food should not be eaten, especially with soft foods like yoghourt, bread or fruit.

It is unsafe to eat.

So to stop bacteria and mould growing, the food can be preserved.

And preserving food means keeping it safe to eat for longer.

It also means that less food is wasted overall.

It can also mean that food that's out of season can be eaten and we can also stay safe and healthy too.

And there are lots of different ways that we can preserve food.

So let's find out, shall we? But before we do, let's have a quick check, shall we? So preserving food means: A, B, C, D? Well, yes.

A, we are keeping it safe to eat for longer.

Anything else? Yes, great work.

We stay safe and healthy too.

So we said we were going to look at different types of food preservation and freezing is one.

And this is where we reduced the temperature of the food to round about minus 18 degrees in a freezer.

And the cold temperature slows down the bacteria growth.

And popular foods that are frozen include things like peas, fish fingers, and bread.

And also leftovers can also be frozen too.

And freezing food is quick and preserves the food for many weeks or months.

And for packaged foods, we should always check the date marks to make sure they're safe to eat too.

So, true or false? Bacteria is killed during freezing food.

Well that's false, isn't it? And why is that? Well, the cold temperature actually slows down the bacteria growth.

The bacteria is not killed.

Brilliant work if you got that one right.

Another form of food presentation is canning and this means to put food into cans and then heating them up to kill any bacteria.

And the cans are tightly sealed so any bacteria cannot get in the can either.

And popular canned foods includes things like baked beans, soup, tomatoes, and peaches too.

And canned food can last years without going off, as long as the can is not damaged.

But we also need to make sure we check the date mark too.

Plus, similar to canning, some food can also be preserved in glass jars or plastic pouches.

So what type of packaging is used for canning food? A, B, or C? Well, that's right, A isn't it? Metal cans.

And also, do you remember, it could also be the jars, the glass jars that can also act as a canning tight way to preserve food where the food is inside.

The lid is tightly sealed so no bacteria can get in.

Brilliant, well done.

Another type of food preservation is drying food, and this means taking water out of the food.

And bacteria and mould need moisture/water to grow.

So if the food is dried, it stays safe to eat for longer.

So drying happens by cutting the food into small pieces.

Heat is added and that might be through the sunshine or perhaps a machine, and then the water evaporates.

And then popular dried food includes things like raisins, which are dried grapes, apples chilies, also herbs.

And when we have dried foods, we need to make sure we store them properly.

And dried foods can be kept in the cupboard where it's cool and dry.

So let's have another quick check, shall we? And here you need to find the missing word.

So is the missing word A, B, C, or D? Read the sentence carefully.

Yes, well done.

It's evaporates.

So, during drying food, the water evaporates, so it stays safe to eat for longer.

Great work.

Another type of preserving is pickling, and this means to put food into vinegar.

And food is put into a jar, vinegar is added and the jar is tightly sealed.

And the vinegar is acidic.

And this prevents the bacteria from growing and keeps the food safe to eat.

And popular foods that can be pickled includes things like onions, gherkins, and red cabbage too.

Fish can also be pickled.

For example, they're called "soused herrings." And pickled food can last for months, but again, we always need to check the date mark first.

So another quick check.

So, true or false? Vinegar is acidic, which kills bacteria and keeps the food safe to eat.

Well that's true, isn't it? And why is that? Well, vinegar is acidic and it kills the bacteria and keeps the food safe to eat for longer in the sealed jars.

Brilliant.

Well done.

Another way that food, particularly fruit and/or vegetables can be preserved is by making a jam or a chutney.

And chopped fruits and vegetables with sugar are cooked until thick, poured into clean jars and then are sealed tightly.

And the sugar with the tight seal helps to stop the bacteria from growing.

And popular foods that are preserved in this way are things like strawberry or raspberry jam, or perhaps you've tried mango or perhaps green tomato chutney before.

So these are all food preserved by making a jam or a chutney.

And unopened jars can be kept in the cupboard because they haven't been opened yet.

But when you open them, the jam or the chutney should then be stored in the fridge to prevent any food spoilage.

Okay, let's have another quick check, shall we? So when making jam or chutney, what ingredient helps to stop the bacteria from growing? Is it A, B, C, or D? That's right, it was the sugar, wasn't it? Well done.

You've really been listening today.

Great work.

Okay, so I've got a task for you here all around preserving food.

And what I want you to do is to complete the chart about the different ways to preserve food.

So in the first column, I've got the different methods that we've covered, and on the next column it's about how it stops the bacteria by.

pop, pop, pop.

And then the last one is example foods that are preserved in that way.

So just think about all the different examples that we've gone through in this part of the lesson, and I'm sure you'll do really well.

So pause the video and we'll come back very soon to see how you've got on.

Good luck.

Okay, so how did you get on? Let's look at some examples together, shall we? So let's look at the first one, freezing.

Well, it stops the bacteria by making it too cold to grow.

And we could have things like frozen peas, fish fingers, or different leftovers.

There are lots of different foods that we could have put there.

I'm sure you've come up with some great examples.

How about the next one? Canning? Well, that's right, the can is heated and sealed.

So that stops the bacteria.

And what examples of canned food can you come up with? Well, yes, there's lots isn't there, but just a couple are things like baked beans or perhaps soups too.

And drying? Well, this removes the water, so it stops the bacteria from growing by removing the water from the food.

And examples? Well, a popular one is raisins or sultanas, which are dried grapes.

Or perhaps you can have dried apple too.

And again, there are lots of different examples of dried foods that we can get too.

And the next one, pickling? Yes, that's right.

It stops the bacteria by adding the vinegar.

Remember that's acidic.

And also we seal the jar too.

And examples? well pickled onions and also fish.

Do you remember, the herring? So there's lots of different foods that we can preserve by pickling in the vinegar.

And lastly, jam or chutney making? Well, that's right, we use the sugar, don't we? And the sugar stops the bacteria from growing.

And also we seal the jar too.

And different examples could be raspberry jam and mango chutney.

Well, I'm sure you've come up with lots of different example foods too, but well done to you.

You've done really well today.

Well, that's it, and I hope you really enjoyed this lesson all around making food safe to eat.

Let's have a quick summary of what we've learned today, shall we? Well, firstly, food safety, keeping our food safe is important for our health.

If we do not keep food safe, it could make us ill.

And we've also covered that in the UK, 2.

4 million people have experienced foodborne illness like food poisoning.

Plus, we should wash fruits and vegetables to remove dirt, insects, and also bacteria.

We've also learned that we should store food properly, such as raw meat, which is covered in the bottom of the fridge.

Also is food is left too long, bacteria and mould can grow.

And lastly, there are lots of different ways to preserve food, to keep them safe to eat in the future, such as freezing and canning.

Well, you've done so well today and we've covered so much, and I really hope you've enjoyed learning all around making food safe to eat.

And I hope you come back very soon for another cooking and nutrition lesson with me.

Thanks a lot.

Bye!.