Lesson video

Hi there and welcome to your design and technology lesson for today.

My name is Mr. Booth, and thank you very much for joining me.

In today's lesson, we are gonna be looking at Zaha Hadid, and architectural design.

This lesson is part of the People and products: Inspirational design unit.

And Zaha Hadid is certainly one of those inspirational people that we love to look at in design and technology for all the work she has done in the world of architecture.

Today's outcome: I want you to be able to understand the work of designers, architects, and engineers, and be able to sketch 2D elevations of 3D objects.

That's what we're gonna do.

So we have four keywords today that I want you to have a look out for in the lesson.

The first one is designer, and this of course, is someone who imagines how something will look or work by drawing or planning.

We have architect, someone who designs buildings and structures.

And we of course, have engineer, someone who solves problems using science to make things work.

Now you could argue that Zaha Hadid is all three of those.

Isn't that brilliant? And then finally we have elevation, different 2D views of 3D objects, and all of the above jobs, whether you're a designer, an architect, or an engineer, in some way will use elevations to represent their work.

We have two learning cycles today.

The first one is all about designers, architects, and engineers.

And we're gonna have a look at the work of Zaha Hadid.

So let's get going.

So Zaha Hadid was an artist, an architect, and a designer.

You could even say she was an engineer as well.

She's well known for her architecture in the late 20th and 21st centuries.

Before we go any further, I think it's really important that we properly think about what each of these job roles is and let's let the Oak pupils help us with that.

So what is a designer? Well, Izzy says, "A designer is someone who imagines how something will look or work by drawing and planning." Often before a product has been made.

An architect, an architect is someone who designs buildings, so they will still draw, but also they design structures as well.

And they might be involved in the making of the building as well.

Thank you, Alex.

And then what is an engineer? Well, Sofia's gonna tell us that.

"An engineer is someone who solves problems." And that's the key to being an engineer.

You are a problem solver using science to make things work.

And that could be almost anything that we use in our daily lives.

Now can you think of any famous designers, architects, or engineers? I want you to pause the video now, possibly have a conversation with the person next to you and then come back to me when you've got some answers.

So pause the video now.

Okay, did you think of any famous designers, architects, or engineers? I'm sure you did, and I'm sure you've got a big long list of those.

Well done.

So, our first check for understanding.

What I want you to do is match the definitions to the correct meaning.

So our definitions are on the right hand side, and we've got the meaning on the left, the job roles we've been talking about.

So you have A, a designer, find the correct one for that.

B, an engineer, try and find the correct definition for that.

And then C, an architect.

Pause the video now, have a go at this and then come back to me when you've got your answers.

So let's have a look and see if you are correct.

So first of all, a designer, someone who imagines how something will look or work by drawing and planning.

An engineer, someone who solves problems using science to make things work, which of course means an architect, that should be the easy one, someone who designs buildings and structures.

Well done with that.

Zaha Hadid was born on the 31st of October, 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq.

She worked incredibly hard, especially in what was a male dominated industry at that time, learning lots of new skills and developing her architecture and design knowledge.

Now Zaha became very famous and well-known for her work and her buildings, particularly for the curves and shapes that she added to her designs.

And this is known as the Bridge Pavilion.

This is in Zaragoza, which is in Spain.

And it's a very famous building.

It incorporates a bridge structure but also a building.

And you can see it's a very organic structure, a beautifully designed building.

Zaha was the first woman to win the Pritzker Architect Prize in 2004, but she also won the Sterling Prize in both 2010 and 2011.

Now the Sterling Prize is awarded to the best designed building in the UK and she won that two years in a row.

She really helped pave the way for women in design and architecture.

And sadly, Zaha died on the 31st of March in 2016.

But she left a legacy of beautiful buildings and beautiful designs that we can still enjoy today.

So another check for understanding.

What was Zaha Hadid's work well known for? Was it A: the height of the buildings and the sketches that she created? Was it B: the curves and shapes that she added to the designs and buildings? Or was it C: the colors and scenery that surrounded her detailed designs? Pause the video now have a go at this and come back to me and you've got your answer.

It is, of course, B, the curves and shapes she added to the designs of her building.

They almost look organic.

Fantastic design work.

So we're onto your first task now.

What I would like you to do is research the work of designers, architects, and engineers.

Ask in class if anyone knows a designer, an architect, or an engineer.

You'll be surprised how many people do.

I then want you to research the work of Zaha Hadid.

What other buildings did she design and what else did she do in her life? And then finally, I want you to discuss, as a class, your research findings.

So I hope you enjoy this task, have a great discussion, and come back to me when you've completed it.

Pause the video now.

So how did you get on? Well, let's a look at how the Oak class got on.

So following discussions, the children in the Oak class realized that designers, architects, and engineers do a wide range of jobs, a huge amount of jobs.

Lots of people they knew had jobs in design, architecture, and engineering.

The Oak class found out more facts about Zaha Hadid and shared these with their friends too.

And I'm sure you did something similar.

So well done with that task.

We're now onto our second learning cycle: Sketching 2D elevations.

All designers, architects and engineers have to get their ideas across somehow.

Sketching is one way of doing that.

Sketching elevations of 3D objects is another way of doing that, and that's what we're gonna do now.

We know that designers and architects often create 2D and 3D drawings and diagrams of the structure or product that they are designing.

Now we are gonna use building bricks as an example.

And I know it's really simple, but this is a good place to start.

So first of all, we have a 3D view of our building bricks.

But what we want to do is we want to represent this even better using what we call 2D elevations.

So let's have a very quick look at how we do this.

So we've got our 3D view.

I then want to create a 2D elevation from the top.

And if you look closely, you can only see that top view, that's why it's in 2D.

We can also create a 2D elevation from the front and also a 2D elevation from the side.

And by using all four of these views, the 3D view, the elevation from the top, the elevation from the front and the elevation from the side, we can represent our designs even better.

So let's just have a look at that again.

Here we have our 3D image of a simple building brick.

We have what's called the plan or top elevation, the front elevation, and then the side elevation.

So what do you think these will look like if we sketched them out? Maybe have a little discussion with the person next to you.

Pause the video and come back to me when you've got an answer.

Well, yes, I bet you've guessed it, so let's have a little look.

So there is our 3D view.

We can then create the plan or top elevation.

We can create the front elevation and we can also create the side elevation.

And I think you'll agree that gives a really clear indication of our design much better than the 3D image on its own.

Quick check for understanding.

Which of the following images would be the plan or top elevation for a building brick? Is it A, is it B or is it C? Pause the video and then come back to me when you've got your answer.

It is, of course, C 'cause we're looking down on top of the brick.

Well done.

A few of the things you need to know before you start actually sketching out elevations.

First of all, it's the tools and equipment we need.

Now, it's really useful to use squared paper and a ruler because where possible, we want to draw our elevations to scale.

Sometimes that's not possible, but usually you can draw it to scale and that's also really important as well.

So the children in the Oak class have decided to use building bricks to help practice then, at drawing 2D elevations of 3D objects.

This is a really good example because you can create lots of different models.

Everyone in the class will have a different model.

You can add different colors and it'll keep it really interesting.

And Andeep tells us how he did it.

So he was allowed to use 15 to 20 building bricks to create a simple structure.

It could be any shape.

The structure could also be made from any color bricks.

And it's really good to have different colored bricks because that will also show you how to draw your elevations properly.

To help us sketch those different elevations, we need some more equipment.

We already know that we need squared paper and a ruler to help us draw to scale.

You need a sharp pencil to draw accurately.

You need a rubber in case you make any mistakes.

We need some colored pencils because as you know, we're gonna use different colored bricks and we wanna represent them.

And then finally, of course you need to make a model.

So let's see how the class got on.

So first of all, you need to decide on your 2D elevations.

Now, the top elevation should always be from above.

So we're gonna make sure that we're looking down on top of that.

The front elevation, that's up to you.

I'm gonna choose this side here.

And then the side elevation, I'm gonna choose the shortest side.

So that's the first thing you have to decide on.

And once you've decided that, don't change your mind.

Next we're gonna sketch the top or the plan elevation.

So looking down from above, measure the model with your ruler, then sketch the elevation onto the squared paper using the squared paper to try and get the right scale.

You can then use color to identify the different bricks.

And in this case, I've got white and red bricks that I need to represent.

So let's have a look at what this might look like.

And there we go.

So I've sketched it onto the squared paper and you can see we've added some color as well.

Another good thing to do is label it.

So I know this is my top or my plan elevation.

So you can see we've written that next to it as well.

Next thing we need to do is sketch the front elevation.

So again, turn your model round so you can clearly see what it looks like from the front.

Measure the model with a ruler, sketch the elevation on your squared paper.

And again, add the color to identify those bricks.

And what's the final thing you need to do? Of course, label it.

Add a front to there somewhere.

And then, of course, we need to do the side elevation.

So once again, turn your model around.

Measure the model with a ruler.

Sketch the elevation on the squared paper and use color to identify the different bricks.

And finally, add your labeling in there to notify that it's the side.

Seems pretty simple, doesn't it? So true or false? Sketches of the side, top and front elevations should not be to scale.

Is that true or is that false? Pause the video now, have a go at this.

Come back to me when you've got your answer.

That is, of course, false.

Now, why? Give me a reason why.

Pause the video, come back to me when you have your reason.

It is, of course, because all elevation sketches need to be to scale where possible.

So we're now onto Task B and you're gonna get quite a bit of time to do this 'cause you've got a lot to do.

So the first thing I want you to do is using 15 to 20 building bricks, create a structure.

Try to use some different colors in there as well to make it a little bit more interesting.

Decide on your 2D elevations.

Remember that you need to have a top or a plan, a front and a side.

Using a ruler and squared paper, measure out and then sketch each elevation individually, remembering to label them.

Add some color to your sketches to match the original building bricks.

Really hope you enjoy this task.

Pause the video now, come back to me when you've completed it.

So how did you get on? I'm sure you made some mistakes, but that really doesn't matter when we are doing these tasks.

Another good thing you can do is share your design with a peer.

Show them your work.

What they'll be able to do is look at your model and then look at your elevations to tell if you've done the right way round.

Now your design might look like this, so let's just check.

Have you got a plan or a top elevation? And have you matched the colors correctly? And have you labeled it? Have you got a front elevation? And again, is it colored correctly and have you labeled it? And finally, the side elevation.

Is that correct? And have you labeled that as well? The final thing you might want to do is check the scale.

Have you drawn them all to the correct scale? If you have, you've done an absolute fantastic job.

Well done.

That brings us to the end of the lesson.

Well done today.

Let's have a quick summary of everything we've gone through.

A designer is someone who imagines how something will look or work by drawing and planning.

An engineer is someone who solves problems using science to make things work.

An architect is someone who designs buildings and structures.

Zaha Hadid was known for designing curved, beautiful buildings.

Elevations show different 2D views of a 3D object from the side, the front, and the plan views.

Well done today.

You've been absolutely fantastic.

I look forward to seeing you all next time.

Goodbye.