Lesson video

Hello, everyone.

How are you today? I hope you're feeling really good.

My name is Ms. Afzal and I'll be your teacher for this lesson.

I'm feeling very pleased about that because we've got such an interesting topic.

We are looking at "Progressive and perfect tense." How does that sound to you? Have you heard of progressive and perfect tense before, I wonder? Don't worry if you have or if you haven't, we are gonna be getting right into it today.

Our lesson comes from the unit of work, "Tense forms: simple, progressive, and perfect." So, if you are ready to get into progressive and perfect tense, if you have some focus, energy, and enthusiasm, we'll begin our lesson now.

The outcome for today's lesson is I can write a sentence in the progressive present tense or the perfect present tense.

We have some keywords in our lesson.

Let's go through them one at a time saying them out loud.

My turn, your turn.

Progressive tense.

Perfect tense.

Auxiliary verb.

Infinitive.

It's good to hear those keywords out loud.

Let's find out what these words mean.

The progressive tense is a tense that denotes ongoing action and uses an auxiliary verb based on to be.

The perfect tense is made using an auxiliary verb based on the infin to have and a past tense form of the main verb.

An auxiliary verb is the helping verb that is always paired with the main verb.

And the infinitive is any verb proceeded by the word to.

These are our keywords.

Progressive tense, perfect tense, auxiliary verb, and infinitive.

Let's look out and listen out for them.

They'll be coming up in our lesson today.

Today's lesson is called "Progressive and perfect tense" and it has three learning cycles.

"Auxiliary verbs," "Writing sentences in progressive present tense," and "Writing sentences in perfect present tense." Let's begin by exploring "Auxiliary verbs." A verb is a doing, being, or having word.

For example, "Spread the butter on the toast." That's a doing word.

"The back wheel has a puncture." It's a having word.

"The clock is broken" is being, and "The flowers were beautiful," that's being.

All of these verbs are the main verbs in each of the ideas.

Let's have a check for understanding.

What is the verb in this sentence? "Jun and Alex planted some seeds in the soil." Choose from the following.

A, planted; B, some; C, seeds; D, in.

Pause here while you decide which of these words is the verb.

Well done if you selected A, planted.

This is the verb in this sentence.

And it's a doing verb.

Verbs can be linked to different people or groups.

We call this the person the verb is written or spoken in.

"I play tennis." "We play tennis." These are both the first person, talking from your own perspective.

"You play tennis" is the second person, talking to a person or a group of people.

"She plays tennis, he plays tennis, they play tennis." This is the third person, talking about a person, a thing, or a group of people.

Sometimes the person is not so easy to spot.

"Sofia and I sing in a choir." This is the person, and it's we, which is the first person.

"All of you sing in a choir." This is the second person.

"Alex and Jun sang in a choir," they.

"Sam sings in a choir," she.

"Year 6 all sing in a choir," they.

These are all examples of the third person.

Let's have a check for understanding.

Match the sentence to the person it is written in.

"You are sitting nicely." "Jun and I ate all the biscuits." "Sofia slept all afternoon." Pause here while you match the sentence to the person this is written in, first person, second person, or third person.

Well done if you matched them in this way.

"You are sitting nicely" is the second person, "Jun and I ate all the biscuits" is the first person, and "Sofia slept all afternoon" is the third person.

Having verbs come from the infinitive to have.

The having verb can be the main verb in a sentence.

"I have a pet cat." "They have solar panels on their roof." "Do we have any felt tips?" "The hotel doesn't have any spare rooms." Here we can see have is the main verb in each sentence.

Here are some present tense having verbs.

I have, you have, she / he / it has, we have, you have, they have.

We also have past tense having verbs.

I had, you had, she / he / it had, we had, you had, they had.

And future tense having verbs.

I will have, you will have, she / he / it will have, we will have, you will have, they will have.

Let's have a check for understanding.

Which of the following is incorrect? Choose from this selection.

A, "The witch has a pointy hat." B, "You has a very nice smile." C, "The party bags had lots of sweets in them." Pause here while you decide which of these is incorrect.

Well done if you chose B.

"You has a very nice smile" is incorrect.

It should be, "You have a very nice smile." Let's have another check for understanding.

Fill in the table with the correct form of the having verb.

So we've got the simple past tense, the simple present tense, and the simple future tense.

Pause here while you fill in the correct form of the having verb where it is missing.

Well done if you filled in the table like this.

He / she / it had.

He / she / it has.

I / we will have.

Being verbs come from the infinitive to be.

The being verb can be the main verb in a sentence.

"I am hungry." "You are four years old." "The post office is at the end of the street." "Are you all right?" Am, are, is, and are.

These are all forms of the being verb and it's the main verb in each sentence.

And just as with the having verbs, these being verbs can also be in the present tense, the past tense and the future tense.

Let's look at these present tense being verbs.

I am, you are, she / he / it is, we are, you are, they are.

Past tense being verbs.

I was, you were, she / he / it was, we were, you were, they were.

And future tense being verbs.

I will be, you will be, she / he / it will be, we will be, you will be, they will be.

Let's have a check for understanding.

What should fill the gap in this sentence? "The dragon.

inside the cave." Choose from the following.

A, are; B, is; or C, has.

Well done if you chose answer B, is.

"The dragon is inside the cave." Let's have another check for understanding.

Which of the following is incorrect? A, "She was brilliant in the concert." B, "You was very kind today." C, "They were always very helpful." Pause here while you decide which of these is incorrect.

Well done if you selected answer B, "You was very kind today" is incorrect.

It should actually be, "You were very kind today." And what a very lovely thing, to be kind.

Having verbs and being verbs can also be used as auxiliary verbs to help the main verb.

"I have made a wish." "They had started the race." "She was wondering where she was." "We will be watching the game later." So we've got have, which is a having verb, had, another having verb, was, a being verb, and will be, a being verb.

And they're helping the main verb, which is made, started, wondering, and watching.

Let's have a check for understanding.

Identify the auxiliary verb in each sentence.

A, "They will be learning a new song this week." B, "She has won the race." C, "I am playing with my sister." Pause here while you identify the auxiliary verb in each sentence.

Well done if you identified the auxiliary verbs in this way.

Will be is a being verb, has is a having verb, and am, also a being verb.

And now identify the main verb in each sentence.

Pause here while you do this.

Well done if you identified learning, won, and playing.

And what do you notice about the main verbs? Perhaps you noticed they're all doing verbs.

Now it's time for your first task.

I would like you to circle the being or having verbs in each sentence, and then decide if the being or having verbs are the main verb in the sentence or the auxiliary verb.

Here are your sentences.

"They are late." "I was feeling shy." "We have tidied the playroom." "It will be great." "She has black hair." Pause here while you have a go at this task.

I'll see you when you're finished.

It's great to be back with you.

How did you get on with that task? First of all, circling the being or having verbs, and then deciding if the being or having verbs are the main verb or the auxiliary verb.

Well done if you circled these words.

Are, and it's a main verb.

Was is the auxiliary verb.

Have, another auxiliary verb.

Will be is the main verb, and "She has black hair" is another main verb.

And now we're onto our next learning cycle, "Writing sentences in progressive present tense." Listen to these sentences.

"I am working hard." "We are waiting for the bus." "She is climbing a tree." What verbs can you see in these sentences? Pause here and share with someone.

Well done if you spotted am, are, is, and working, waiting, and climbing.

These sentences are written in the progressive tense.

The progressive tense is a tense that uses an auxiliary verb from the infinitive to be paired with the main verb.

We use a progressive tense to tell us that an action is ongoing.

These actions are continuing.

"I am working hard." "We are waiting for the bus." "She is climbing a tree." These actions are ongoing.

Let's have a check for understanding.

The progressive tense.

Which of the following are true? A, can tell us an action is ongoing.

B, tells us the action has definitely finished.

C, does not use an auxiliary verb.

D, uses an auxiliary verb from the infinitive to be.

Pause here while you decide.

Well done if you selected A and D, both of these are correct.

The progressive tense can tell us an action is ongoing, and the progressive tense uses an auxiliary verb from the infinitive to be.

Listen to some more sentences.

"She is jumping on the trampoline." "The car was driving too fast." "They will be staying late tonight." "He was trying his hardest." "We are doing yoga." "It is creeping through the hole." And here we have the auxiliary verb and the main verb.

Auxiliary verb, main verb.

Auxiliary verb, main verb.

Auxiliary verb, main verb.

Auxiliary verb, main verb.

And auxiliary verb, main verb.

What do you notice about the main verbs? Pause here and share with someone.

Well done for sharing, perhaps you noticed that they all end with the -ing suffix.

Jumping, driving, staying, trying, doing, creeping.

There are three progressive tenses.

Progressive past, progressive present, and progressive future.

The auxiliary verb changes in each progressive tense.

The main verb is always in the -ing form.

"I was learning." "I am learning." "I will be learning." Auxiliary verb based on to be is was, am, and will be.

And the -ing form of the main verb stays the same each time in the progressive past, the progressive present, and the progressive future.

Let's have a check for understanding.

Which of the following sentences are written in the progressive tense? Choose from the following.

A, "I'm excited to swim." B, "They are splashing me." C, "We were swimming in the sea." D, "The sea is calm." Pause here while you decide.

Well done if you selected sentences B and C.

My turn, your turn.

I'm going to identify the simple present tense verb in each sentence and change the verb to the progressive present tense.

So, "The cat sleeps on the wall." It's the simple present tense verb.

"The sun rises in the east." "She reads a book in the library." And now I'm gonna change the verb to the progressive present tense.

"The cat is sleeping on the wall." "The sun is rising in the east." "She is reading in the library." Now it's your turn.

I'd like you to identify the simple present tense verb in each sentence and change the verb to the progressive present tense.

Here are your sentences.

"We play football after school," "The lambs drink milk," and "Jun and Alex enjoy art." Pause here while you have a go at this.

Well done for identifying play, drink, and enjoy as the simple present tense verbs and changing the verb to the progressive present tense.

Maybe it looked like this.

"We are playing football after school." "The lambs are drinking milk." "Jun and Alex are enjoying art." And now it's time for your next task.

I would like you to write a sentence in the progressive present tense about this picture.

And let's use the checklist for the progressive present tense.

Auxiliary verb is a being verb, main verb ends in -ing, auxiliary verb tells us the tense, the action is ongoing.

Pause here while you have a go at this task.

Good to be back with you.

How did you get on writing your sentence in the progressive present tense about this picture? Maybe you wrote a sentence like this.

Here are some examples.

"The children are reading a book." "The dog is standing on the sofa." "The kids are lying on the sofa." "The boys are in the living room." Let's take a look at these examples.

Can we spot our auxiliary verb and our main verb? Here we've got our auxiliary verb and our main verb with -ing, ending in -ing, auxiliary verb, main verb ending in -ing, auxiliary verb, main verb ending in -ing, and here, this one is not correct because we do not have our auxiliary verb and our main verb ending in -ing.

And now we're onto our next learning cycle, "Writing sentences in perfect present tense." Listen to these sentences.

"I have made some paper chains." "They have been on a walk." "He has finished his drawing." What verbs can you see in these sentences? Pause here and share with someone.

Perhaps you spotted have and has, and also these main verbs, made, been, and finished.

These sentences are written in the perfect present tense.

The perfect tense is a tense that uses an auxiliary verb from the infinitive to have paired with the main verb.

We use the perfect present tense to show something that started in the past that is still relevant or connected to the present.

Simple past tense.

"I spoke French and English when I was younger." This tells us it has ended.

The perfect present tense.

"I have spoken French and English since I was a baby." This tells us it is still relevant.

Check for understanding.

The perfect tense.

Choose how to finish this sentence.

A, tells us an action that started in the past and is still relevant or connected to the present.

B, tells us the action has definitely finished.

C, tells us the action is happening now.

Pause here while you decide how to complete this sentence.

Well done if you chose option A.

Indeed, the perfect tense tells us an action that started in the past and is still relevant or connected to the present.

Listen to some more perfect present tense sentences.

"She has eaten her pudding." "The monkey has jumped off the branch." "They have been friends for years." "He has spent all his pocket money." "We have reached the top." "The computer has broken." And here we can see the auxiliary verb and the main verb.

Auxiliary verb and main verb, auxiliary verb, main verb, auxiliary verb, main verb, auxiliary verb, main verb, auxiliary verb and the main verb.

What do you notice about the main verbs? Pause here and share with someone.

They're all in the past tense.

Check for understanding.

Which of the following sentences are written in the perfect present tense? A, "I have climbed up the ladder." B, "They have found us." C, "We hid from them." Pause here while you decide.

Well done if you selected answers A and B, these two are in the perfect present tense.

And C would be in the perfect present tense if it read, "We have hidden from them." My turn, your turn.

I'm going to identify the simple present tense in each sentence and change the verb to the perfect present tense.

"The cat sleeps on the wall." "The sun rises in the east." "She reads a book in the library." Here's my simple present tense verbs.

Sleeps, rises, and reads.

And I'm going to change to the perfect present tense.

"The cat has slept on the wall." "The sun has risen in the east." "She has read a book in the library." And now it's your turn.

I'd like you to identify the simple present tense verb in each sentence and change the verb to the perfect present tense.

Here are your examples.

"We play football," "The lambs drink milk," and "Jun and Alex enjoy art." Pause here and have a go at this.

Well done if you identified play, drink, and enjoy as the simple present tense verbs.

Perhaps you changed the verb to the perfect present tense in this way.

"We have played football." "The lambs have drunk milk." "Jun and Alex have enjoyed art." And now it's time for your final task.

Write a sentence in the perfect present tense about this picture.

And let's use the checklist for perfect present tense.

Auxiliary verb is a having verb, main verb is in the past tense, auxiliary verb tells us the tense, and action has already happened.

Pause here while you have a go at this task.

Well done for having a go at this task of writing a sentence in the perfect present tense about this picture.

Here are some examples.

"The lion has caught its prey." "The mammal has fed himself." "The majestic animal has eaten." "The lion has devoured his meal." "The lion has sharp teeth." We have got our auxiliary verb and our main verb.

Here's our auxiliary and our main verb, auxiliary and main verb, auxiliary and main verb.

But here we do not have the auxiliary and the main verb, so this is not an example of the perfect present tense.

In our lesson "Progressive and perfect tense," we've covered the following.

The verb carries the tense of a sentence.

Both the progressive and perfect tense can denote present, past, or future action.

The progressive tense uses an auxiliary verb from the infinitive to be with a main verb that ends in -ing.

The perfect tense uses an auxiliary verb from the infinitive to have with a past tense main verb.

The perfect tense often refers to completed action that relates to the present, whilst the progressive tense tells of action over a period of time.

Well done for joining in with this lesson, everyone, and for diving deep into the progressive and the perfect tense.

I hope you've enjoyed this lesson.

I've certainly enjoyed teaching you and I look forward to seeing you again soon.

Bye for now.