Lesson video

Hello, my name is Mr. March and I'm here today to teach you all about the Consequences of Interdependence of Liverpool and Accessible Rural Areas.

So grab everything that you need for today's lesson and let's get going.

By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to identify ways in which Liverpool and Aughton are interdependent and categorise costs and benefits for both places in terms of social, economic, and environmental.

There are three key terms for today's lesson, and those are commuter settlement, accessible and interdependent.

Commuter settlement refers to a place, often a town or village where people live and then travel to other places, normally, a city for work.

Accessible refers to something which is easy to get to and from.

And finally, interdependent refers to close ties or links between two or more entities or areas.

There are two learning cycles for today's lesson, we're gonna start with the first learning cycle, which is all about the interdependence of Aughton and Liverpool.

Aughton is a traditional English village located about 10 miles north of Liverpool.

We can see that in the image or the map on the left hand side.

If we then look on the right hand side, we can get a close up view of the map of Aughton, and we can see certain symbols or certain places of interest, such as the church or perhaps the A59 road, which runs through or just on the outskirts of the village of Aughton.

Aughton is a commuter settlement due to the number of residents who work in Liverpool.

This is made possible by transport networks.

For example, the A59 goes straight into central Liverpool and frequent buses take an hour.

Trains leave frequently and take 30 minutes to the city centre.

So we can see how Aughton being 10 miles away to the north from Liverpool is still very much accessible and commutable for people living in Aughton and working in Liverpool.

The village is highly sought after by young professionals, families, and retirees, in part due to being accessible from Liverpool.

And there are many, many reasons why people want to live in Aughton, yet work in Liverpool because Aughton has many, many different amenities such as a sports centre, many cafes, pubs, and restaurants, a post office, vintage shops, primary schools, and social clubs.

So you can see how Aughton really has a great variety or diversification of recreation and leisure activities for people to do of all ages.

So a quick learning check, it says, which of the following facts about Aughton is incorrect? What I'd like you to do then is pause the video whilst you read through those four options and select what you consider to be the correct answer.

And the correct answer was B.

Yes, B is incorrect.

Aughton does not have a train station, that is incorrect.

It does have a train station.

And in fact, by taking a train, it can lead you directly into central Liverpool, which is one of the reasons which makes Aughton such a fantastic commuter village.

Really, really well done if you were able to get that answer correct.

So urban areas and accessible rural areas are interdependent.

There are flows of labour, goods and services, which are interchangeable within urban and rural areas.

There is a constant flow between these two areas.

While cities will have more facilities, flows do not just happen from urban to rural areas, they occur in both directions as people and goods and services are both exchangeable in both directions.

Aughton and Liverpool are certainly interdependent in terms of labour, in terms of the workforce, but how? Well some residents of Liverpool work in Aughton, for example, their agriculture or tourism industries.

Whilst people who live in Aughton yet work in Liverpool, will be working perhaps in sectors such as finance, retail, healthcare, and education.

So we see an exchange in terms of the labour, in terms of the workforce.

Likewise, in terms of the goods, they're also interdependent, but how? Well again, Liverpool provides shops for residents at Aughton that do not exist outside of large cities.

So people will travel into Liverpool to access those shops, which they can't access in Aughton.

Likewise, Aughton supplies fresh produce such as vegetables to Liverpool's markets and restaurants, thereby Aughton is providing Liverpool with goods.

Once again, we see this interdependence, this exchange of goods.

And finally, in terms of services, Liverpool residents visit the rural Aughton area for recreation.

Meanwhile, Aughton residents rely on Liverpool services, for example, it's hospitals, it's higher education such as universities, as well as transport connections.

So once again, we see this interdependence in terms of services.

So a quick learning check, it says to complete the diagram to show the flows between accessible rural areas and urban areas, which make them interdependent.

You need to fill in A and B.

So pause the video here whilst you try to recall that information.

And the correct answer was A, Labour and B, services.

Really, really well done if you're able to recall those two pieces of information.

And another learning check says true or false? Rural areas have nothing to offer urban areas.

So once again, I would like you to pause the video whilst you consider as to whether this statement is true or false.

And the statement is false.

Now, once again, I'd like you to pause the video whilst you consider as to why this statement is false.

And the reason it's false is, well, that rural areas can offer the residents of urban areas a source of labour and produce.

They can provide jobs in industries such as agriculture and opportunities for recreation and leisure.

So really, really well done if you're able to get those two answers correct.

We're on now to our practise question, and it says to complete the details of the flows between Liverpool and Aughton.

One has already been done for you for the services between Liverpool and Aughton.

So pause the video here whilst you attempt this practise question.

Best of luck.

And now some feedback.

So this is what you may have included.

In terms of labour then, well, Liverpool residents work in agricultural jobs in Aughton.

Meanwhile, residents of Aughton may work in Liverpool, for example, in financial sectors.

In terms of goods, well, it provides shops for residents of Aughton.

This is what Liverpool provides the residents of Aughton.

But what does Aughton provide Liverpool? Well, Aughton provides fresh produce to markets and restaurants.

What about in terms of services? Well, Liverpool residents visit Aughton for recreation.

Meanwhile, Aughton residents rely on services, for example, hospitals and higher education institutions as well.

So really, really well done if you are able to include anything like that in your own answer.

We're on now to our second and final learning cycle.

And this is all about the consequences of interdependence.

Aughton and Liverpool's interdependence certainly has consequences, and these can be broken up into costs and benefits, in other words, the negatives and the positives, but also it can be broken down into social, economic, and environmental.

And we're gonna try to identify and explore these different consequences.

So a quick learning check, it says to complete the diagram about how consequences can be categorised.

You can see you have two gaps to fill in there.

So what I'd like you to do then is pause the video whilst you try to recall the answer to fill in those two gaps.

Best of luck.

And the answers you were looking for were social and finally, benefits.

Really, really well done if you're able to recall those two pieces of information.

So consequences for Liverpool can be negative, these are the costs, and positive, these are the benefits.

And once again, they can be broken down further into social, economic, and environmental.

And we can see that colour code right there in front of you.

The pink colour referring to social or to do with people.

The blue colour referring to economic, all to do with money.

And then finally the green colour referring to environmental.

So all to do with nature.

Okay, so costs.

Well in terms of cost, the negatives are to do with things like the weaker community engagement.

This is a social cost, a social negative.

We also see reduced spending, pressure on public transport requiring expensive upgrades and maintenance.

This is an economic negative.

And finally, we see increased traffic congestion and air pollution with people moving and travelling and commuting between Aughton and Liverpool.

What about the positives then? Well, let's have a look at those.

In terms of the social benefits then, it eases demand on city housing.

Yes, housing within Liverpool then, there's less of a demand as people then are looking perhaps to move or live in places such as Aughton.

What are the economic benefits? Well, we see an expanded workforce.

It boosts local businesses in and around Aughton.

We see improved transport links between Liverpool and its local and surrounding region, as well as enhancing regional connectivity.

So we can see then a fantastic breakdown between the cost and the benefit and the social, economic and environmental benefits and costs as a result of the interdependence between Aughton and Liverpool.

So Liverpool does indeed suffer some economic cost as a consequence of its interdependence with Aughton.

Residents of Aughton leave Liverpool to return home after work.

So the money that they earn within the city of Liverpool is actually spent outside of Liverpool.

In addition, they put pressure on public transport as it can become overcrowded, requiring expensive upgrades and maintenance.

So if we look onto the right hand side now, we can see a quick learning check.

It says Liverpool receives economic benefits as a consequence of its interdependence with Aughton.

And then you can see the paragraph with two gaps for you to fill in.

What I'd like you to do then is pause the video whilst you read through that paragraph and try your best to fill in those two gaps that you see.

So best of luck.

And the answers you were looking for were, well Liverpool benefits from an expanded workforce due to the commuter settlement of Aughton, meaning the city benefits from skills and experience despite not living there.

In addition, any money Aughton residents spend in Liverpool benefits city businesses.

So really, really well done if you're able to recall those two pieces of information to fill in the gaps.

What then are the consequences for Aughton? Well, again, they can be negative and positive, and also they can be broken down to social, economic and environmental.

Let's explore those now.

So in terms of the negatives then for Aughton, well it does indeed increase pressure for new housing, which undoubtedly causes conflict between the local residents as well as new incoming residents as well.

We see high rental and house costs, which reduces the affordability and prices locals outta the market.

Finally, we see more travel.

Travel for services leads to local congestion and air pollution.

What about though, in terms of the benefits? Well, it creates a stable population, which thereby sustains services perhaps with regards to that post office, which we know exists in Aughton, as well as the train station and other shops and services which are within the village of Aughton.

Also, farmers gain income from selling their produce to the city population and its businesses and also affluent residents boost the local economy.

So once again, we can see a real divide between the negative and the positive consequences of this interdependence, this time on Aughton.

And we have a learning check and it says which of the following consequences for Aughton is environmental? So you have four options on the screen in front of you.

And what I would like you to do is pause the video whilst you read through those four options and can then consider and select your answer.

And the correct answer was D, travel for services leads to local congestion and air pollution.

Really, really well done if you're able to select that as the correct answer.

On now to our two practise tasks for our final learning cycle.

And the first practise task says to complete the table with consequences of interdependence for Aughton and Liverpool.

Make sure you colour code the consequences into social, economic, and environmental.

One has already been done for you.

Now the second practise task starts with this statement and it says, the consequences of interdependence for Aughton are mainly social, to do with people.

And the first task then is for you to place a cross on the line representing your opinion.

Then you need to state your opinion.

Do you agree? Do you disagree? Do you partly agree with a statement? And finally, and most importantly, you need to justify your opinion.

Use social, economic and environmental costs and benefits to support your opinion.

So what I'd like you to do then is pause the video here whilst you attempt these two practise tasks.

Best of luck.

Time now for some feedback.

So you were asked to complete the table that you see in front of you.

So let's start with the costs of interdependence with regards to Liverpool, what could you have included? Well, weaker community engagement, reduced spending, pressure on public transport requiring expensive maintenance and upgrades, and finally increased traffic congestion and air pollution.

In terms of the benefits then, it does indeed ease demand on city housing.

It creates an expanded workforce.

It boosts local businesses and improves transport links, which the region's connectivity.

What about then with regards to Aughton? Let's start with the negatives.

Well, it does indeed create pressure for new housing, which causes conflict between the local residents and the new arriving residents, which there are also high rental and house costs, which reduces affordability and prices locals out of the market.

And finally, travel for services leads to local congestion and air pollution.

What about the positives though? Well, a stable population sustains services, farmers gain income from selling produce to the city population and its businesses.

And finally, affluent residents boost the local economy.

For the second and final practise task, this was the statement that you needed to respond to.

The consequences of interdependence for Aughton are mainly social.

Now I've placed myself somewhere more towards the disagree end of this spectrum, but of course this statement was purely opinion based.

So you may be somewhere very, very different on this spectrum.

So now we need to state our opinion and then justify our opinion.

And your answer may have included something like this.

I disagree with the statement that the consequences of interdependence for Aughton are mainly social.

The costs of interdependence with Liverpool are a mix of social, in the form of pressure on new housing, economic, in the form of high house prices and environmental, as travel leads to local congestion and air pollution.

Whilst the costs are across all three categories of consequence, the benefits are mainly economic and include farmers getting more income from selling produce to Liverpool and the local affluent population boosting the economy.

There are social benefits too, in the form of stable populations which sustain services, but on balance, the majority are not social.

So really, really well done if you're able to include anything like that in your own answer.

Now we're onto our learning summary.

And what do you need to know from today's lesson? Well, we need to know that urban areas and accessible rural areas are interdependent.

There are flows of labour, goods, and services.

Aughton is a village 10 miles to the north of Liverpool.

And with regards to this interdependence between Aughton and Liverpool, there are undoubtedly costs and benefits and these can be broken down to social, economic and environmental.

In terms of social costs to Liverpool, we can see a weaker community engagement.

Economic, there is reduced spending.

And environmental, increased traffic congestion.

But there are some benefits to Liverpool as well, because it eases demand on city housing, it expands their workforce and boosts local businesses.

What though, for Aughton? Well, there are some negatives for Aughton.

It creates high rental and housing costs, which can price locals out.

There is also pressure for new housing in the area and it also leads to more congestion and air pollution.

But once again, there are benefits because local farmers can gain income from selling produce to the city's population and other businesses.

And also affluent residents do indeed boost the local economy.

So really, really well done during today's lesson.

It was a pleasure teaching you and I will see you again on the next lesson, goodbye.