Lesson video

Hello, my name is Mr. March, and I'm here today to teach you all about Links to Liverpool, changes in a rural area.

So grab everything that you need for today's lesson and let's get going.

By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to explain the social and economic changes to Aughton as a result of its links to Liverpool.

There are three key terms for today's lesson.

Those are counter urbanisation, social change, and economic change.

Counter urbanisation refers to the movement of people away from a city and into the countryside.

Which may lead to a reduction in the city's population.

Social change is all to do with people individually or as a community changing.

And finally, economic change is all to do with money and wealth.

There are two learning cycles for today's lesson.

We're gonna start with the first learning cycle, which is all about social change in Aughton.

De-industrialization from the 1950s led to significant numbers of people leaving Liverpool in search of a new place to live, and Aughton was just one of those places.

And it became popular for many, many different reasons, including the fact that Aughton is really accessible from Liverpool, it has a high quality in terms of its environment.

There are many existing amenities there and these same reasons continue to make Aughton such a popular place to live in.

Counter urbanisation is one of our key terms and it refers to a specific type of migration whereby people move within the same country, but from urban areas to rural areas.

So from city areas perhaps towards more countryside areas.

Now counter urbanisation can explain some of the population trends of an urban or rural area.

Counter-urbanization though cannot explain all population trends of an urban area or a rural area.

What else can explain these population trends? You may like to pause the video here whilst you consider your own answer to that question or perhaps even have a discussion with someone near you.

Well, births, deaths and other forms of migration, for example, immigration from other countries and perhaps emigration towards other countries may also explain population trends in our urban and rural areas.

So whilst country urbanisation is certainly important, it doesn't explain everything.

So time now for a quick learning check, it says who is correct.

Now you've got three statements on the screen, one from Sam, one from Sophia, and one from Alex.

What you need to do whilst you pause the video, is to read through those three statements and then decide who you think is correct.

And the correct answer was Alex.

Alex says, "That counter urbanisation explains in part, why rural and urban populations change." So really, really well done if were able to select Alex as the correct answer.

Now this counter urbanisation undoubtedly led to social change in Aughton.

And when I talk about social change, I'm talking first in terms of the total population.

So the number of people that live there, that's certainly increased, but also with regards to the population structure, by which I mean the gender mix, the age mix, and perhaps even the racial mix as well.

The graph in front of you shows Aughton's population change between 1951 and 2021, and we can see clearly that the total number of people living in Aughton in 1951 down at 3,566, is much, much lower than it is today in 2021 at the time of the last census, up at 8,034.

So overall we can see that it has gradually increased through the years.

How would you describe these changes though? You may like to pause the video here whilst you study the graph and see if you can pick out any trends.

Well, Aughton's population increased undoubtedly, from 3,566 in 1951 to 8,342 in 2001.

From 2001 though, the population has shown a slight decline to 8,034.

So a quick learning check, it says what was Aughton's population in 1951? Your job then is to pause the video whilst you try to recall that piece of information.

And the correct answer was 3,566.

Really, really well done if were able to recall that piece of information.

And second question was, what was Aughton's population in 2021? Once again, I'd like you to pause the video here whilst you try to recall that piece of information.

And the correct answer for this was 8,034.

So once again, really, really well done if were able to recall that piece of information.

Now, if you look at the age breakdown of the people living in Aughton, we can find some very, very interesting facts.

Let's start by looking at the fact that Aughton is especially popular amongst retirees and families and the population pyramid that we can see in front of you does a great job in illustrating that.

So a quick breakdown about this graph.

We can see on the right hand side, this is the number of females in the purple, and on the left hand side is the number of males.

Then if we look along the Y axis, we can see those age brackets starting from zero to nine years old, 10 to 19, 20 to 29, and so on.

And therefore we can begin to build an idea of what the demographic structure of Aughton looks like.

So we can clearly see that the majority of people living in Aughton seem to be aged between 40 and 89.

The majority of Aughton's population is aged 40 plus, and many people are retiring to Aughton from Liverpool in search of that quieter lifestyle as a result of counter urbanisation where people are leaving Liverpool for example, to go live in Aughton.

So because Aughton is so popular amongst families, we see another significant population in Aughton, which are children under the age of 19.

Who are moving away from the city with their family in search of larger homes than they can find in Liverpool.

Finally, we see the least amount of people, aged between 20 and 39.

These are young working people who are moving away from Aughton towards cities like Liverpool for higher education, job opportunities and lifestyle choices.

So quick learning check.

And it says which of the following is an accurate statement about Aughton's population structure.

You can see you've got three statements on the screen in front of you.

And what you need to do then is pause the video whilst you read through those three statements and decide what you think is the correct answer.

And the correct answer was B, the majority of Aughton's population is over 40 years old.

Really well done if were able to get that correct.

Our second learning check says who is most accurate.

Now, once again, you have three statements on the screen from Sam, Sophia, and Alex.

What you need to do then is pause the video here whilst you read through their three statements and then decide who you think is most accurate.

And the correct answer was Sam.

And she says that, "Families and retirees are most attracted to Aughton." This is absolutely correct, Aughton is attractive to both retirees and families looking for perhaps a more peaceful way of life, but also perhaps larger housing than they can find in Liverpool.

So really, really well done if were able to get that answer correct.

We're on now to our practise tasks for the first learning cycle.

And the first practise task says, explain using data, how Aughton and Liverpool's population change supports evidence of counter-urbanization.

And there you can see a graph in front of you to help you with your answer to that question.

Your second practise task says to use the data table to reconstruct Aughton's population structure in 2021.

And on the left hand side you can see that data set given to you.

On the left hand side, you can see the age brackets, and then you have the data for both the male and the female.

Your job then is to reconstruct that population pyramid using that data that you can see in front of you.

So what you need to do now then is pause the video whilst you attempt these two practise tasks, best of luck And now some feedback.

And the first question said, explain using data how Aughton and Liverpool's population change supports evidence of counter-urbanization.

You may have said the following, counter-urbanization is the movement of people from urban areas to rural areas.

And from 1951, the population of Liverpool declined from 770,000 to 435,000 in 2001.

At the same time, Aughton's population began to grow from 3,566 in 1951 to 8,342 in 2001.

This evidence supports counter urbanisation as people may have moved from the urban area of Liverpool to the rural area of Aughton.

And the second task asked you to use the data table to reconstruct Aughton's population structure in 2021.

And in front of you, you can see that completed reconstructed population pyramid for Aughton.

So what you may like to do right now is pause the video whilst you compare your own reconstruction to the one on the screen in front of you, but really, really well done if were able to construct anything like that in front of you and for your answer for the first task too.

So we're on now to our second and final learning cycle, and this is all about economic change in Aughton.

Now social change undoubtedly led to economic change, but how? So with a growing population in Aughton, as well as a changing population structure in Aughton as well.

Well, it brought economic change, but how? Well it led to pressure on housing.

With more people moving from Liverpool to Aughton, that is undoubtedly going to lead to more people wanting to buy or rent the available properties within Aughton.

It also brought pressure on leisure and recreation facilities as well.

Now economically, Aughton has changed over time from a rural farming village to a rural residential village.

And the two maps on the screen are fantastic in showing this change.

Look at the one on the left.

It's from Aughton in 1980.

You can see that in the centre of the map there.

And you can see a much, much smaller rural settlement than we see today on the right hand image where Aughton has undoubtedly grown in size.

Also, look at the number of roads and also the different types of infrastructure we can see today versus before.

So clearly Aughton is changing over time.

It is growing, it is expanding as the years progress.

Aughton's accessibility to Liverpool in the wider region as well as its undoubted charm means that it is in high demand.

This puts pressure on affordability and availability of housing in the local area.

Average house prices in 2024 were very, very high.

Let's have a look at them now.

So in 2024, the average house price in Aughton was up at 405,000 pounds.

Compare that to Liverpool, which is at 215,000 pound, whilst England's national average is a 267,000 pound.

So we can clearly see how Aughton is outscoring these in terms of expense than both Liverpool and England and shows just how perhaps unaffordable and in demand perhaps as well Aughton is, again, perhaps due to its accessibility, its location, but also its rural charm.

High house prices means that Aughton is only affordable to a certain demographic.

People with high incomes.

In fact, people on low incomes are just simply unable to afford to live in the area.

And therefore locals who may have actually lived in Aughton for many, many generations simply cannot afford or can no longer afford to buy homes or rent properties there.

So a quick learning check.

It says which statement is most accurate? You have three statements on the screen in front of you.

And what I'd like you to do then is pause the video whilst you read through those three options and then decide what you think is the correct answer.

And the correct answer was, C.

The average house prices in Aughton are 405,000 pound, making it unaffordable for those on low income.

So really, really well done if you were able to select C as the correct answer.

Now, the economic change is not only negative because the increasingly affluent or wealthy population of Aughton has led to a number of high-end businesses setting up in the area.

These include a number of expensive and well-regarded restaurants.

And these businesses along with the local charm of the rural area of the village itself as well.

And its surrounding countryside, attract many, many visitors and tourists to the area who are going to spend money and thereby provide business to those local businesses.

And perhaps as a result, increase the number of jobs available to local people.

So clearly a advantage of this social and economic change.

Due to its accessibility from cities, including Liverpool, many of these visits are day trips for leisure and recreation purposes.

There is a slight negative though, this puts pressure on roads and actually reduces the air quality in the local area.

So a quick learning check.

It says, which two leisure and recreation opportunities in Aughton result in day trips from Liverpool residents? So what you need to do here then is pause the video whilst you do your best to select those two correct answers.

And the two correct answers you were looking for were, high-end restaurants as well as the local environment.

Really, really well done if were able to select those two correct answers.

We're on now to our one and only practise task for this final learning cycle.

And it says, there are eight mistakes in Aughton's story.

You need to find and correct each of those.

So what you need to do right now then is pause the video whilst you read through that paragraph you can see in front of you and do your best to find and correct those eight mistakes, best of luck Now for some feedback, and in front of you then are the eight mistakes with the eight corrections.

So this is how it needed to have read.

De-industrialization from the 1950s led to significant numbers of people leaving Liverpool in search of a new place to live.

Aughton was popular for being easily accessible and having a quality environment.

Counter-urbanization led to social changes in the form of increased population.

And a present day population structure, which is dominated by retirees and families.

These social changes led to economic changes as Aughton changed from a farming to a residential village.

The desirability of Aughton has led to high house prices, 405,000 pounds and it is only affordable to those on high incomes.

The affluence of the area has attracted high end restaurants, which have encouraged people from Liverpool to visit the area, putting pressure on leisure and recreation.

So really, really well done if were able to find any of those eight mistakes and correct those eight mistakes as well.

Time now for our learning summary.

And what do we need to know from today's lesson? Well, we need to know that the de-industrialization of the 1950s led to counter-urbanization.

This is where people left cities such as Liverpool to go to perhaps other urban areas, but also rural areas as well.

Now, one local rural area is or was a rural village known as Aughton.

It was accessible, which made it very attractive to retirees as well as families.

Now that led to a great deal of social change within Aughton.

It led to changes in its total population with a number rising.

But also in terms of its population structure, with as I said before, a greater number of retirees as well as families living there.

It also led to great economic change as well.

We now see great pressure on housing, which is affecting the affordability and availability of housing within Aughton, but also it led to an increase in the leisure and recreational facilities there as well.

So really, really well done during today's lesson.

It was a pleasure teaching you.

And I will see you again on the next lesson.

Goodbye.