the likelihood or chance of being affected by a natural hazard, such as an earthquake or volcanic eruption

techniques used to reduce hazard risk, including short-term relief and long-term planning, preparation and prediction

Examples of management of volcanic hazards

Geography

The structure of the Earth

Plate tectonics theory

Global distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes

Processes at constructive/divergent plate margins

Processes at destructive/convergent plate margins

Processes at conservative plate margins

Impacts of volcanoes in a developed and an emerging country

Impacts of earthquakes in a developed and a developing country

Reducing risks from earthquakes and volcanoes

Examples of management of earthquake hazards

Using GIS to visualise physical processes at different types of plate margin

This unit teaches pupils about tectonic hazards, their location, causes and effects. Pupils learn about the different types of hazard before focusing on earthquakes and volcanoes. Pupils will learn about tectonic processes, hazard impacts and the options for mitigation and adaptation.

Tectonic hazards

Depiction or discussion of famine, disease, natural disasters.

Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Counting the number of eruptions in history

Which of the following is a method used to predict volcanic eruptions?

It tells scientists when a volcano is dormant

Why is monitoring gas emissions important in volcanic hazard management?

They prevent lava from reaching settlements

They ensure people can leave safely before an eruption

How do evacuation plans help reduce volcanic risk?

Scientists in developing countries do not study volcanoes.

Governments in developing countries do not try to protect people.

Volcanic hazards only occur in developed countries.

Many developing countries have historical knowledge and local warning systems.

People in developing countries are less prepared because they lack understanding of volcanic hazards. Which statement best challenges this misconception?

Which type of plate margin is most likely to experience explosive volcanic eruptions?

Which scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake?

What is a secondary hazard of a volcanic eruption?

Which of these is an immediate response to an earthquake?

Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur?

Examples of management of volcanic hazards

Lesson outcome

Content guidance