differences or changes in something, for example variations in energy use between countries means differences in the amounts and types of energy that different countries use

the growth of a country’s wealth, leading to better jobs, higher incomes and improved living standards

the different types of jobs and industries in an economy, divided into primary (e.g. farming), secondary (e.g. manufacturing), tertiary (services) and quaternary (e.g. research)

Global patterns of energy use and causes of variations

Geography

This unit teaches pupils about different energy resources, their extraction and uses. Pupils learn about the different types of energy, the factors affecting extraction and the patterns and inequalites associated with production and consumption. Pupils also learn about energy futures.

Energy

Differences in the amount and type of energy used between countries

What does 'variation' mean in the context of global energy use?

When a country becomes wealthier and living standards improve

When people move from cities to the countryside

They have more industry, technology and transport needs

Why do HICs (high-income countries) often use more energy than LICs?

Many hot countries use energy for cooling, transport and industry

Hot countries don’t have any fossil fuels

Why is the idea that hot countries always use less energy incorrect?

Energy that is naturally replenished and won’t run out

Which of these is a non-renewable energy source?

Energy created by recycling household waste

Energy that can be reused or reprocessed, such as nuclear or biofuels

Carbon emissions contributing to global warming

Which of these is a common environmental impact of fossil fuel use?

Renewable is naturally replenished; recyclable can be reused, not always natural

What’s a key difference between renewable and recyclable energy?

Extraction may be too costly or environmentally damaging

Why might a country not use its own fossil fuel reserves?

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