Lesson video

Hello, my name's Miss Gilyeat, and I'm going to be your geography teacher for today.

Today's lesson, we are going to be learning about globalization.

So it's the first lesson of the "Globalization: Is the world shrinking?

" topic, and our lesson title is "Globalization: An introduction.

" We've got loads of interesting things to learn about.

So let's get going.

So our lesson outcome for today is that you can explain what globalization is.

We've got three keywords for today's lesson.

So the first one is globalization, which is the process of the world becoming more interconnected.

Therefore, our second keyword for today is interconnected.

So this is when two or more things are linked to each other, they are interconnected and they have an impact on each other.

And our third keyword is world trade, and this is the global exchange of goods and services.

These three keywords are highlighted involved throughout the lesson, so you can always refer back to them if you need to.

We've got two learning cycles.

So first of all, we're gonna look at what globalization is, and then we're gonna think and learn about how does globalization affect society today.

So let's get going with our first learning cycle.

What is globalization?

Now, globalization is the process of the world becoming interconnected, okay?

So all around the world, it's us, it's people, it's societies, governments, countries, everything.

The world becoming more connected and dependent on each other.

So I want you to have a think.

Can you think of any ways that you are connected to people or places or companies or anything that you can think of around the rest of the world?

Pause the video and have a think.

Let's see what we've got as examples here.

So Izzy says, "I have family living in Barcelona, in Spain.

I go and visit them a couple of times a year and speak to them on the phone every week.

" Now, that is how Izzy is connected to not only the country of Spain, but people that live there.

She's got family there.

This is what Jacob has got to say.

"So I have a computer which has been made in China.

But the clothes I'm wearing are from Bangladesh.

" So there, Jacob has got items that he uses which have been made and produced in a different country.

It might be worth having a looking at your clothing labels now and see what country your clothing has been made from.

So Andeep says, "I play video games with people from all around the world and I keep in contact with friends from the USA using social media.

" Now, do you play video games?

And if so, have you ever been connected with people in different parts of the world, or just different parts of the country, using that?

And even if you might not have friends from different countries of the world, you might have seen on social media connections with different people.

So if you follow, I don't know, any celebrities who live in different countries, again, that's a way that we are becoming more globalized because you are seeing someone's life is like in a different country of the world.

This is what Laura has got to say.

"I like eating food from different cultures from around the world.

There are lots of different restaurants in my hometown.

And my favorite type of food is Indian.

" Okay, so that's an example of how she's connected to a different country, but in her hometown.

So there's different foods and different cultures that you find in towns and cities in the UK.

Aisha has got to say, "There are companies in the UK which operate in countries all around the world.

For example, McDonald's and Tesco!

" Those are TNCs, or transnational corporations.

And we're gonna learn about those in a couple of lessons' time.

But these are companies which operate in more than one country, and Tesco is a good example of that.

Okay, let's check our understanding.

So what is globalization?

Is it, a, the world becoming more interconnected, b, the population of the world growing, or c, the world developing?

Pause the video, and have a go at the question.

The answer's a, the world becoming more interconnected.

Now, globalization is not a new concept.

Colonization and exploration both led to the sharing of ideas and cultures in the past.

So even though it sounds like quite a new term, and if we're talking about globalization in geography at the moment, we do generally talk about what's happened in the last 20 or 30 or so years.

But actually, it's not a new concept.

People were exploring different parts of the world, hundreds and even thousands of years ago, okay?

And that's an example of globalization because it's those people becoming connected with other parts of the world.

So can you think of any other ways that the world was connected hundreds of years ago?

So I'm going to give you an example.

So in the past, globalization has led to the spreading of ideas and technology.

So for example, traffic lights were first introduced in London in 1868.

The idea spread to the US who started using them in the early 1900s.

And now, traffic lights are used all across the world.

So this is a really good example of how an idea and a new piece of technology has spread.

Okay, so it was first introduced in London, it then got used in the US, and now you see traffic lights in almost every single country in the whole world.

So the Silk Road was a network of trade routes connecting Asia to Europe, which started around 2000 years ago.

It allowed the movement of goods, peoples, ideas, and culture across continents.

So if you have a look at the map, we can see on the slide, this shows where the Silk Road was located.

Now, that area goods, people, and ideas were spreading across those countries from China all the way to the Middle East.

Okay, and those things spreading not only spreaded, the people and the actual goods, but the cultures, the ideas, okay?

The information.

So is the Silk Road an example of globalization?

And if you think it is, how is it?

Okay, pause the video and discuss with the person that you are sat next to.

Or if you are working on your own, maybe jot down a few ideas.

People have explored other areas of the world for a long time.

So for example, the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean in 1492 started a massive interchange of people, animals, plants, and also diseases.

So again, here's an example of early exploration which connected parts of the world together.

Now, there's some positives with that, but also quite a lot of negatives for this example.

The age of colonization has been a driver of globalization.

So until the 1950s, many countries in the world were colonized, which meant that they were ruled by another country.

The colonizing nation imposed its own rules, culture, and religion on the colony.

So if we have a look at the slide, we can see a map of the British Empire in 1921.

So the countries which have been colored in the maroon color were part of the British Empire.

Now actually, that has had many negative effects on those countries because they have lost parts of their culture, their own natural resources, and parts of their religion because the UK or Great Britain imposed their own ones on those countries.

But those kind of connections between the countries are still in place today.

So because they're part of, or were part of the British Empire, they have closer relationships even 100 years later.

So as I just said, globalization in the past has had many negative impacts on countries which were colonized.

Many of these countries lost some of their own cultures, were exploited of their own resources, and their people were oppressed, okay?

And we are still seeing the impacts of this today.

So even though a lot of those countries have gained independence, actually they're still feeling some of the impacts of that oppression from hundreds of years ago.

Let's check our understanding.

So globalization is a new concept.

Is that true or false?

That is false.

And can you tell me why?

The concept of people, goods and information moving around the world has been here for thousands of years.

Okay, we are onto our first task for the lesson Task A.

So the first thing I'd like you to do is define globalization.

Then, you need to give three examples of globalization.

And question three, explain how was the Silk Road an example of early globalization.

Pause the video and have a go at the questions.

Okay, we've got some feedback here.

So globalization is the process of the world becoming more interconnected.

Now, here are some examples you could have put for question two, but this is not a complete list, actually.

There's lots of different things you could have put for question two.

So some examples would be, people buying goods made in other countries.

People visiting other countries to visit family.

Being able to buy a variety of different food from other countries in the world in your own country.

Those are all examples because they show how different places of the world are connected.

So for question three, how was the Silk Road an example of early globalization?

Well, the Silk Road allowed the movement of goods, people, ideas and culture across continents.

It connected Asia and Europe.

Well done if you've got all of those correct.

Right, we are now moving on to our second learning cycle.

And this is about how does globalization affect society today.

So due to improvements in transport and technology, globalization has now entered a new phase.

We are more connected to the rest of the world than we ever have been.

And this impacts us all in our day-to-day lives.

Globalization can lead to a diverse society where is a wide variety of people, religions, and cultures.

So you may see this in your hometown, where not only have you got lots of different people, but also different religions and cultures, which can make it really exciting.

For example, if you go to a festival that you've not heard of before, or you eat a different type of food, for example.

The impacts of globalization can be seen in many UK cities.

So for example, people from all over the world live in the city of Sheffield, okay?

So Sheffield has been quite welcoming to lots of refugees or people that have immigrated here from different countries, and it's actually being classified as a city of sanctuary.

Okay, which means that it does welcome these people.

So some of the different places of the world that people come from are Pakistan, China, Yemen, the Caribbean countries, and also Spain.

So I want you to have a think, how do you think the arrival of people from other countries may have affected Sheffield?

So you could pause the video and either write some ideas down or you could have a quick chat with the person that you are sat next to you.

Okay, let's see what Aisha and Lucas has got to say.

So Aisha says, "In Sheffield there are lots of people of different ethnicities, languages spoken, and different religions.

" Aisha's absolutely spot on there.

"That also means there are lots of things to cater for those people, including shops that sell goods from different countries, places of worship and restaurants.

" So for example, that's a really good point, Lucas.

And there's an amazing shop in Sheffield called Ozmens, which sells goods and foods from lots of different countries from around the world.

So it's really good if you want to make a dish that you might not be able to find all the ingredients for in a UK supermarket like Tesco's.

So I love going to that shop.

Right, we've got a picture on the slide here, okay?

So what I want you to do is have a look at that picture and see, can you see any examples of globalization from looking at that photograph?

Okay, pause the video and either jot your ideas down or chat with the person you are sat next to.

So we've got architecture from different countries, signs in different languages, people of different ethnicities, and shops from different cultures as well.

Those are all examples of globalization.

Okay, let's check our understanding.

Now, globalization can lead to more diverse, and I'd like you to tick all that apply.

So a, religions, b, languages, c, food, and d, soil.

Okay, so religions, absolutely, languages and food.

Globalization doesn't lead to more diverse soil.

Okay, we're now onto our second task for this lesson, so Task B.

Now, what you're going to do, you are going to label a world map with places that you are connected to, and you are going to write a sentence about how you are connected to that place, okay?

Now, it doesn't have to be because you've been to that country, it doesn't even have to be because you know somebody in that country.

It could be you are connected to Bangladesh, for example, because you have got clothes that have been made there.

So it might be worth looking at the clothing that you are wearing now and seeing where that comes from.

Now, there is an example on the slide here to get you going.

So I've put an example of my own here.

So I'm connected to Spain because I do actually have family living there, okay?

So pause the video and have a go.

Really don't worry if you've not actually been to that place or know anyone that lives there.

Think about you might have even just seen a film from a different country of the world and therefore, you have a better understanding of what that place is now like, okay?

That's a sharing of information about that country, okay?

So pause the video and have a go at annotating the world map.

Now, the second part for this task is you're going to think about how your hometown or city and make a list of how globalization has affected the area, okay?

So think about when you walk along the high street or into the city, what things can you think of that means that place now is more connected to the rest of the world, okay?

So question three, you are gonna have a go at this question.

So the world is more connected than ever.

Do you agree with this statement?

And you need to explain your answer.

Pause the video and have a go at the tasks.

Okay, let's look at my example for task one.

So I'm connected to Spain because I have family there.

I'm connected to the USA because my parents work for an American company.

I'm connected to China because Chinese food is my favorite type of takeaway.

And I'm connected to Australia because my best friend lives there, okay?

Those are ways that I am connected to people, places, companies all around the world.

And cultures actually as well, that's an important one.

Here's some examples for question two.

So how globalization might have affected your hometown and/or city?

So for example, there are lots of Chinese restaurants in Sheffield.

And one of the main reasons for that is a lot of people from China come to study at university here, which means that they are catered for.

So there's lots of Chinese food shops and restaurants where they can go, but it also has lots of benefits in that I can go there as well.

And I absolutely love Chinese food.

There are companies from all over the world, including McDonald's, okay?

So not just McDonald's, there's lots of companies that we see in Sheffield that haven't originally come from the UK, but they've come from a different country.

And Sheffield University conducts research all over the world, and it attracts different students from all around the world too.

Okay, I'll read out what I've put for this answer.

I agree with the statement that the world is more connected than ever.

Due to improvements in transport and technology, globalization has entered a new era.

We are more connected to the rest of the world than we ever have been.

And that all has an impact on our day-to-day lives.

Now, you did not need to write exactly that, but something along those lines would be fantastic.

So pause the video and see if you can add anything extra to your own answer.

All right then, we've got a summary for today's lesson here.

Globalization is the way in which the world has become more interconnected.

Globalization is not a new concept.

Colonization and exploration both led to the sharing of ideas and cultures.

And globalization can lead to a diverse society where there is a wide variety of people, religions, and different cultures.

Right, that's it for today's lesson.

You've done a fantastic job there 'cause there's a few tricky concepts to get your head around, okay?

So well done!

Give yourself a pat on the back, and I'll see you next time.

Bye!