a subject and obect pronoun which often translates as 'it' and has a number of functions

a verb that doesn't refer to a particular person or thing, and whose subject is most often 'es' (it)

A1 - Letzte Woche habe ich ein Schülerpraktikum bei einer Straßenbahnlinie ...

Junge Deutsche: telling the time, uses of 'es'

German

Hitzefrei: 'müssen' vs 'sollen', 'sollen' vs 'sollte'

Was darf man ab wann? 'Dürfen' vs 'können', wh- questions and modal verbs

Das Pfandsystem: word order with 'wenn', inversion, plural nouns

Berufe: 'werden' + infinitive, wh-questions in future and conditional tenses

Wenn ich 16 bin: würd- with gern and lieber, imperfect subjunctive hätte, wäre

Pläne: word order with 'sobald', 'solange' and 'wenn'

Berufserfahrung: verbs with indirect objects, dative pronouns

Berufserfahrung: 'Sie', 'Ihnen', interrogatives 'wer', 'wen', 'wem'

Meine Pläne: adding -er to verb stems for male agent nouns, extended writing

Junge Deutsche: neuter adjectival nouns, nominalisation, adjectival agreement

Junge Deutsche: weak plural masculine nouns, feminine person nouns

This unit revisits a wide range of grammar, including modal verbs, the future tense, two-verb structures. It introduces the conditional 'würd-' with gern and lieber and 'hätte' and wäre'. Pupils learn to distinguish müssen vs sollen, and dürfen vs können regarding responsibilites and future plans.

Studying and my future: Aufwachsen, Altersgrenzen und Zukunftspläne

'Ich habe endlich einen Job gefunden. __________ ist interessant.'. Chose the correct word for 'it'.

Order the 12-hour clock times from earliest to latest.

Match the 12-hour and 24-hour clock times.

Das Buch wird toll sein, ich weiß es schon!

Match the uses of 'es' to the correct example sentences.

'{{}}, hier zu arbeiten.' ('I like working here.') Complete the translation with an impersonal verb phrase.

Translate the following sentence into German: 'The firm? It is big.'

'Es fällt mir schwer.'. Choose the correct translation.

Sort the elements below into the correct order to form the following sentence: 'It is important to learn German.'

Translate the following sentence into German: 'There are two firms.'

Junge Deutsche: telling the time, uses of 'es'

Lesson outcome