Lesson video

Hello, everyone, how are you today?

I hope you're feeling really good.

My name is Ms. Afzal, and I'll be your teacher for this lesson.

I'm feeling really pleased about that because we have such an interesting topic.

We're looking at the Anglo-Saxons and our lesson is called Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, so we're gonna find out what was some of the different kingdoms that were established by the Anglo-Saxons in Britain.

Our lesson comes from the unit of work Britain's settlement by Anglo-Saxons: what changed after the Romans left?

Such an interesting question, I think.

I hope you do too.

So, if you're ready with some focus, energy, and enthusiasm, if you are ready to get into this subject of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, then we'll begin our lesson now.

The outcome for today's lesson is, I can describe how early Anglo-Saxon Britain was made up of different kingdoms, I hope that's really interesting to you.

We have some keywords in our lesson.

I'd like us to go through them one at a time, saying them out loud.

My turn, your turn.

Settlement.

Establish.

Kingdom.

It's good to hear those keywords out loud.

Let's find out what they mean.

A settlement is a place where people choose to build a community.

To establish something means to set it up to last a very long time.

And a kingdom is a country or area ruled by a king or queen.

So, these are our three keywords, settlement, establish, and kingdom.

I want you to share with someone nearby, had you heard of any of these keywords before?

Did you have any idea already about the meaning of these words?

Pause here and share with someone.

Thanks for sharing about that.

So, these are keywords, settlement, establish, and kingdom.

Let's look out for them.

Let's listen out for them.

Let's think carefully about these keywords that will be coming up in our lesson today.

Today's lesson is called Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, and it has three learning cycles, the arrival and settlement of the Anglo-Saxons, different tribes in their lands, and the seven kingdoms.

Let's begin by exploring the arrival and settlement of the Anglo-Saxons.

The Anglo-Saxon tribes arrived in Britain in the early 400 CE.

This map shows where they came from and where they made their settlements.

So you can see on the right of the screen where the Jutes and the Angles and the Saxons came from, and also the Friesians and Francs.

But in particular, we are really interested today in the Jutes, the Angles, and the Saxons.

And then we can see on the left, on the map of Britain, we can see where they made their settlements, the English Angles, the English Saxons, and the English Jutes, or it says EJ for short.

Pause here and share with someone, how do you think the Jutes, the Angles, and the Saxons made their way over to Britain?

Thanks for sharing.

Perhaps you remember that they were great seafarers and they traveled by sea to Britain.

Let's have a check for understanding.

When did the Anglo-Saxons begin to arrive in Britain?

Choose from this selection.

a, the early 200 CE.

b, the early 300 CE.

c, the early 400 CE.

Pause here while you decide, when did the Anglo-Saxons begin to arrive in Britain?

Well done if you selected answer c.

Indeed, the Anglo-Saxons began to arrive in Britain in the early 400 CE.

Well done if you selected this answer.

The Anglo-Saxons settled in places near water sources and on fertile land.

This means land where crops and plants could grow easily.

This meant they could establish communities.

Pause there and share with someone.

Can you remember what our keyword establish means?

Thanks for sharing.

Establish means to set something up to last a long time.

And here, we can see an illustration of what an Anglo-Saxon settlement might have looked like.

Pause here and share with someone, what are some of the details that you can see in this image of what an Anglo-Saxon settlement might have looked like?

Thanks for sharing.

Perhaps you notice some crops growing within this community and perhaps in the land surrounding it, and maybe you notice some farm animals as well.

Thanks for sharing.

Let's have a check for understanding.

What kind of land did the Anglo-Saxon tribes choose for their settlements?

Choose from this selection.

a, highlands in hills and mountains.

b, fertile lands close to water sources.

c, thick forest areas for protection.

Pause here while you choose, what kind of land did the Anglo-Saxon tribes choose for their settlements?

Well done if you selected answer b.

Indeed, Anglo-Saxon tribes chose fertile lands close to water sources for their settlements.

And now it's time for your first task.

I would like you to explain to your learning partner which areas Anglo-Saxon settlers chose for their new settlements when they came to Britain.

So, pause here while you have a go at this explanation task.

Sharing with your partner, which areas Anglo-Saxon settlers chose for their new settlements when they came to Britain.

Enjoy your task, and I'll see you when you're finished.

It's good to be back with you.

How did you get on with your task of explaining to your learning partner which areas Anglo-Saxon settlers chose for their new settlements when they came to Britain?

Your answer might look something like this.

"Anglo-Saxon settlers chose to build their new settlements near a water source as the land was very fertile.

This meant they could grow lots of food there for a long time and establish communities.

" Well done if your answer looks something like this.

And I love how that answer contains two of our keywords, settlements and establish.

And now we're onto our next learning cycle, different tribes and their lands.

Each of the different Anglo-Saxon tribes decided to settle in a different part of Britain.

Each tribe had their own traditions, which created a diverse mix of cultures across Britain.

Pause here and share with someone, what were the names of the three Anglo-Saxon tribes which made their way across the sea to Britain?

Well done if you said the Jutes, the Angles, and the Saxons.

These were the three Anglo-Saxon tribes that made their way across the sea to settle in Britain.

The Angles settled in the north and along the east coast of Britain, the Saxons settled mostly in the south and west, and the Jutes settled in smaller areas in the south, like in modern-day Kent.

And we can see on the map where the Angles settled in the north and the east coast of Britain, the Saxons settled mostly in the south and west, and the Jutes settled in smaller areas in the south like in modern-day Kent.

Let's have a check for understanding.

True or false?

The Angles, Saxons, and Jutes all settled in the same parts of Britain.

Pause here while you decide if this statement is true or false.

Well done if you selected false.

And now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.

Pause here while you do this.

Perhaps you said something like this.

"Each tribe settled in different parts of Britain.

" By 600 CE, the areas that Anglo-Saxons had settled in had grown and transformed into more recognizable kingdoms.

And here, we can see a map showing Anglo-Saxon settlements by 600 CE.

And if you look at the color key at the top of the map, you can see where the Angles settled, where the Saxons settled, and the Jutes.

And in yellow shows us where native Britons lived.

Let's have a check for understanding.

The Anglo-Saxons had established recognizable kingdoms in Britain by which year?

Choose from this selection.

a, 300 CE, b, 450 CE.

c, 600 CE.

Pause here while you decide.

By which year had Anglo-Saxons established recognizable kingdoms in Britain?

Well done if you selected answer c, 600 CE.

This is the year by which Anglo-Saxons had established recognizable kingdoms in Britain.

And now it's time for your next task.

I would like you to add one sentence to describe the area where each tribe settled in Britain.

So, we have the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes.

And write one sentence to describe the area where each tribe settled in Britain.

Pause here while you have a go at this, and I'll see you when you're finished.

It's good to be back with you.

How did you get on with that task of adding one sentence to describe the area where each tribe settled in Britain?

Your answers might look something like this.

Angles.

The Angles settled in the north and along the east coast of Britain.

Saxons.

The Saxons decided to settle in large areas of the south and west.

And Jutes.

The Jutes settled in smaller areas in the south, like in modern-day Kent.

Well done if you wrote sentences like these.

And now we're onto our next learning cycle, the seven kingdoms.

By 800 CE, there were seven distinct kingdoms in Britain, Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Essex, Kent, Sussex, and Wessex.

And here we can see a map showing the seven kingdoms.

Pause and share with someone, which of these kingdoms is the largest kingdom?

Thanks for sharing, perhaps you said Northumbria.

This looks like it could be the largest of the seven kingdoms.

And here's Izzy with another challenge for you, "Can you spot all seven kingdoms on the map?

" Pause here while you do this.

Thanks for having a go at that.

Let's have a check for understanding.

Which of these were kingdoms in Britain by 800 CE?

Choose from this selection.

a, Sussex.

b, Northumbria.

c, London.

d, East Anglia.

Pause here while you decide.

Which of these were kingdoms in Britain by 800 CE?

Well done if you selected Sussex, Northumbria, and East Anglia.

These were all kingdoms in Britain by 800 CE.

These kingdoms were large areas ruled by different kings or queens, each with its own traditions, laws, and stories.

They were constantly competing with each other for power.

And power of each kingdom would change as each one wanted more land and to be in charge over the others.

And they sometimes had disagreements around trade or around crossing over the borders into each other's kingdoms.

Let's have a check for understanding.

True or false?

By 800 CE, the Anglo-Saxon parts of Britain were ruled by one person.

Pause here while you decide, is this statement true or false?

Well done if you selected false.

And now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.

Pause here while you do this.

Perhaps you said something like this.

"There were seven different kingdoms in Anglo-Saxon Britain that each had their own ruler.

" Well done if you answered in this way.

And now it's time for your next task.

I would like you to give two reasons why the power of each Anglo-Saxon kingdom was constantly changing.

And you can use these words to help you.

Rulers, land, disagreements, trading, borders.

So, pause here while you give two reasons why the power of each Anglo-Saxon kingdom was constantly changing, and use the words, rulers, land, disagreements, trading, and borders to help you.

Enjoy your task, and I'll see you when you're finished.

It's good to be back with you.

So, how did you get on with that task of giving two reasons why the power of each Anglo-Saxon kingdom was constantly changing?

Your answers might look something like this.

"One, the rulers of each Anglo-Saxon kingdom wanted more land for their people.

" "Two, the people from the different Anglo-Saxon kingdoms sometimes had disagreements when trading items or about crossing over another kingdom's borders.

" Well done if you came up with answers like these about why the power of each Anglo-Saxon kingdom was constantly changing.

In Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, we've covered the following.

The Anglo-Saxons arrived in Britain in the early 400 CE and began to establish their own communities and settlements.

The Angles, Saxons, and Jutes settled in different areas, and by 800 CE, there were seven distinct kingdoms called Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Essex, Kent, Sussex, and Wessex.

Each kingdom had different rulers, laws, and traditions.

They were constantly competing with each other for power.

Well done, everyone, for joining in with this lesson.

I thought it was so interesting to explore Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, how these tribes came over to Britain to establish their own communities and settle in areas with fertile land and close to water sources.

And then the fact that these seven distinct kingdoms developed and that they were continually vying for power and fighting over who should have which territory.

I also thought it was great looking at the maps and seeing exactly where the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes settled and established their communities in those different parts of Britain.

I really enjoyed teaching you.

I think it's such an interesting subject.

And I hope you've enjoyed this lesson too, and hopefully learned some new facts about the Anglo-Saxons and their kingdoms.

I look forward to seeing you at another lesson soon.

Bye for now!