Lesson video
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Hello, everyone.
How are you today?
I hope you're feeling really good.
My name is Ms. Afzal and I'll be your teacher for this lesson.
I'm feeling really pleased about that because I think we've got such an interesting topic ahead.
We're looking at how Britain changed after the Romans.
That's the title of our lesson.
I wonder how much you know about this topic, and I hope you're interested in it.
Our lesson comes from the unit of work, written settlement by Anglo-Saxons.
What changed after the Romans left?
So if you're ready to get into this topic, if you have some energy, focus, and enthusiasm, we'll begin our lesson now.
The outcome for today's lesson is I can describe how Britain changed after the Romans left.
I hope this sounds interesting to you.
We have some keywords in our lesson.
I'd like us to go through them one at a time, saying them out loud.
My turn.
Your turn.
Rivaled.
Withered.
Gaelic.
It's good to hear those keywords.
Let's find out what they mean.
Rivaled means to have competed with someone and tried to be better or more successful than them.
Withered.
If something is withered, it has gradually declined or shrunk.
And Gaelic.
Gaelic refers to the traditional language and culture of groups such as the Scots and the Irish.
So these are our keywords, rivaled, withered, and Gaelic.
I'd like you to share with someone, had you already heard of any of these words?
Did you know the meanings of any of these keywords before?
Pause here and share with someone.
Thanks for sharing.
Let's be on the lookout for these keywords.
Let's listen out for them.
Let's think carefully about our keywords, rivaled, withered, and Gaelic.
They'll be coming up in our lesson today.
Today's lesson is called How Britain Changed After the Romans, and it has three learning cycles, the Anglo-Saxons and their settlements, the age of rival kingdoms, the return of the Christian faith.
Let's begin by exploring the Anglo-Saxons and their settlements.
In 410 CE, the Romans left Britain.
Soon after, Germanic tribes from Europe began to settle in Britain to start new lives.
And here we can see a map showing where the Anglo-Saxons came from and where they arrived and settled in Britain.
Let's have a check for understanding.
True or false.
The Germanic tribes came to Britain to steal things and leave.
Pause here while you decide.
Is this statement true or false?
Well done if you selected false.
And now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.
Pause here while you do this.
Perhaps you said something like this.
They came to settle and begin a new life.
Well done if you had an answer like this.
These Germanic tribes, the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes, became known as the Anglo-Saxons.
They created communities that were the strong building blocks of the future great Anglo-Saxon kingdoms.
Here's an illustration of what an Anglo-Saxon settlement may have looked like.
Pause here and share with someone some details that you notice in this illustration of an Anglo-Saxon settlement.
Thanks for sharing.
Perhaps you noticed smoke coming from the chimney, the field surrounding this settlement, the animals, and some of the people at work.
Well done for sharing what you noticed about this Anglo-Saxon settlement.
Let's have a check for understanding the three main Germanic tribes that settled in Britain from Europe were.
.
.
Choose from this selection.
A, Angle.
B, Welsh.
C, Jutes.
D, Saxons.
Pause here while you decide what were the three main Germanic tribes that settled in Britain from Europe?
Well done if you selected the Angles, the Jutes, and the Saxons.
These were the three main Germanic tribes that settled in Britain from Europe.
And now it's time for your first task.
I would like you to explain to your learning partner why the Germanic tribes were able to invade and settle quickly across Britain.
Pause here while you have a go at this explanation task.
I'll see you when you're finished.
It's good to be back with you.
How did you get on with explaining to your learning partner why the Germanic tribes were able to invade and settle quickly across Britain?
Your answer might look something like this.
The Angles, Saxons, and Jutes were able to invade and settle quickly across Britain because the Romans had left and were no longer defending the country.
Well done if you answered in this way.
Well done for having a go at this task.
And now we're onto our next learning cycle, the age of rival kingdoms.
Over the next few hundred years, the Anglo-Saxons founded seven kingdoms that rivaled each other.
And here we can see a map showing the locations of the British kingdoms.
The Anglo-Saxon kingdoms are written in red.
Pause here and share with someone what were the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms called.
Thanks for sharing.
We have Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex, East Anglia, Essex, Kent, and Sussex.
These were the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms which rivaled each other.
Let's have a check for understanding.
True or false.
The seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms all live together peacefully.
Pause here while you decide.
Is this statement true or false?
Well done if you selected false.
Now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.
Pause here while you do this.
Perhaps you said something like this.
They rivaled each other and fought over the land and power.
By 800 CE, Mercia was the most powerful of the seven kingdoms under the rule of King Offa and Queen Cynethryth.
And here's a map of Britain showing Mercia's location and Offa's ****, which was built as a barrier between Mercia and Wales.
All other kingdoms, except for Northumbria, were either conquered by or surrendered to the powerful Mercia.
So we can see the other kingdoms to the east and south of Mercia that had been conquered by Mercia or surrendered to it.
Let's have a check for understanding true or false.
Mercier was the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms by 800 CE.
Pause here while you decide.
Is this statement true or false?
Well done if you selected true, and now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.
Pause here while you do this.
Perhaps you said something like this.
This was because of the powerful leadership of King Offa and Queen Cynethryth.
And now it's time for your next task.
I would like you to answer the following questions.
One, give one example of how Queen Cynethryth changed Britain.
And two, give one example of how King Offa changed Britain.
The first example, you might consider something about Queen Cynethryth's marriage to King Offa.
And in the second example, you might like to think about Offa's ****.
Pause here while you have a go at answering these questions.
Enjoy your task and I'll see you when you're finished.
It's good to be back with you.
So how did he get on with that task answering these questions?
and your answers may have included something like this.
One, give one example of how Queen Cynethryth changed Britain.
Her marriage to King Offa united Mercia and the Frankish lands in friendship.
And question two, give one example of how King Offa changed Britain.
He built Offa's **** as a border between his kingdom and the Welsh kingdoms.
Well done if you answered in these ways.
Well done for having a go at this task.
And now we're onto our final learning cycle, the return of the Christian faith.
When the Romans ruled Britain, the people were mostly Christians.
When the Romans left and the Anglo-Saxons arrived with their own pagan religious practices, Christianity in Britain withered.
Pause here and share with someone.
Can you remember what the key word withered means?
Thanks for sharing.
Withered means when something has gradually declined or shrunk.
So once the Romans left and the Anglo-Saxons arrived, Christianity in Britain had declined.
And here we can see an illustration of Anglo-Saxon gods and goddesses.
Pause here and share with someone any interesting details you notice in this illustration.
Thanks for sharing.
It's interesting how they're all are holding, and the stars around Thor are quite interesting as well.
Let's have a check for understanding.
True or false.
Christianity withered after the Romans left.
Pause here while you decide, is this statement true or false?
Well done if you selected true.
And now I'd like you to say a little more about your answer.
Pause here while you do this.
Perhaps you said something like this.
The Anglo-Saxons brought their own pagan religious practices with them.
And this is why Christianity withered after the Romans left.
However, missionaries like Augustine spread the Christian religion again.
Soon, many of the Anglo-Saxon kings, including Offa, had become Christians.
And here's an illustration of Augustine's meeting with King Aethelbert of Kent Ethel in 597 CE.
Pause here and share with someone any interesting details that you notice in this illustration.
Thanks for sharing.
I think the difference in clothing styles and colors are quite interesting, between Augustine and the monks and King Aethelbert and his entourage.
Meanwhile, the Picts welcome new settlers, the Irish Scots.
Originally from Gaelic Island, these Scots moved because they needed new farmlands.
The Scots brought their own Gaelic culture and their Celtic form of Christianity with them.
And here we see on the map migration of the Scots from Ireland to Scotland.
Let's have a check for understanding.
What did the Scots from Ireland bring with them?
Choose from this selection.
A, their own Gaelic culture and language.
B, Celtic Christian practices.
C, Roman Christian practices.
Pause here while you decide.
What did the Scots from island bring with them?
Well done if you selected answers A and B.
Indeed, the Scots from Island brought their own Gaelic culture and language and Celtic Christian practices with them.
And now it's time for your next task.
What do you think the three biggest changes were to Britain after the Romans left?
Explain your answer, and you could use the words below to help you.
Anglo-Saxons, pagan beliefs.
Scots, seven kingdoms, withered, Gaelic, rivaled, missionaries, and Picts.
So pause here while you explain what you think the three biggest changes were to Britain after the Romans left.
Enjoy your task and I'll see you when you're finished.
It's good to be back with you.
So how did you get on with that task?
What do you think the three biggest changes were?
Your three biggest changes could have included?
One, the biggest change after the Romans left was the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons because this meant that Britain was divided into seven kingdoms which rivaled each other.
Two, the second biggest change was the arrival of Anglo-Saxon pagan beliefs because this meant that Christianity withered until missionaries arrived to convert the kingdoms back to Christianity.
And three, the third biggest change was the arrival of the Scots from Ireland because they brought their own unique Gaelic culture to the Picts in Scotland.
Well done everyone for joining in with this task and for sharing what you thought were the biggest changes after Romans left Britain.
Well done for having a go at this task.
In our lesson, how Britain changed after the Romans, we've covered the following.
After the Romans left Britain, the Anglo-Saxons arrived and established their own kingdoms that rivaled one another.
By 800 CE, Mercia was the most powerful of all these kingdoms.
Following the rule of King Offa and Queen Cynethryth.
Christianity withered away in Britain, but returned after the arrival of missionaries.
The Picts were joined by the Scots from Ireland who brought their own Gaelic culture, language, and traditions with them.
Well done, everyone, for joining in with this lesson.
It was so interesting to explore what happened to Britain, how it changed after the Romans left, when Anglo-Saxons came, which kingdoms were established, which was the most powerful, and then the changes that took place in terms of Christianity, first withering away and then returning as the missionaries were sent to Britain to reinvigorate the religion.
And always good to hear about the Picts and the Scots and the flowering of Gaelic culture.
I hope you found this lesson interesting and learned lots of new things.
I really enjoyed teaching you, and I look forward to seeing you at another lesson soon.
Bye for now.
