Lesson video
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Hi, I'm Miss Mia.
Thank you so much for joining me in this lesson.
Let's get started.
In this lesson, you'll be able to describe how Islam grew from its early origins to the founding of Baghdad, "the City of Peace.
" Your key words are on the screen now.
I'd like you to repeat them after me or write them down.
"Golden Age" of Islam.
Tolerance.
Fantastic.
Let's find out what these words and phrases mean.
The "Golden Age" of Islam was a time of incredible learning, success, and wealth.
Tolerance is to accept other people's culture, religion, and differences.
Super.
Let's move on.
How Baghdad became the "City of Peace.
" There are two learning cycles in this lesson.
The first learning cycle is about Islam's spread to other parts of the world, and then we're gonna be looking at the "City of Peace.
" I'm super excited about this lesson.
I hope you are too.
Let's get started.
Here, we have a photo of the cave entrance on Mount Hira, where Muhammad, peace be upon him, received revelations.
So Islam began on the Arabian Peninsula on the 7th century CE when the prophet Muhammad received revelations from Allah.
Islam started in the Arabian Peninsula, and then spread to the Middle East, parts of Asia, and the Southern Mediterranean.
And here, we can see on the map that Arabian peninsula has been highlighted, and this is the map of Abbasid Caliphate.
We've got the Middle East, Asia, and the Southern Mediterranean there as well.
Did you know that within about 100 years, Islam spread far beyond Arabia?
And as we can see here, it reached the Middle East, parts of Asia, North Africa, and the Southern Mediterranean areas.
One important Muslim empire was the Abbasid Caliphate.
It ruled from about 750 CE to 1258 CE.
Over to you.
In which area did Islam begin?
Is it A, Asia, B, the Southern Mediterranean, C, Arabian Peninsula, or D, Europe?
What do you think?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the answer.
So what did you get?
if you got C, you are correct.
Islam began in the Arabian Peninsula.
Well done if you got that correct.
Let's move on.
Islam spread because of strong leadership, and here we have an illustration of Abu Bakr, the first Rashidun caliph.
Abu Bakr became the first caliph, or otherwise known as leader, of the Muslim people.
He ruled from 632 to 634 CE.
Abu Bakr's leadership was important because he helped keep the Muslim community united and organized at a difficult time.
Abu Bakr kept the community together.
After Muhammad, peace be upon him, passed away, some tribes wanted to leave the Muslim community.
Abu Bakr spoke firmly and clearly, sent leaders to restore unity, and made sure rules and agreements were followed.
This stopped new religion from breaking apart.
He organized expansion, and he also supported preserving the teachings of Islam.
Islam spread due to its military strength, and here, we have an illustration of Muslim soldiers attacking Byzantine soldiers.
Under the early caliphs of the Rashidun caliphate, Muslim forces had several strengths.
For example, strong leadership.
Leaders chose skilled generals, such as Khalid ibn al-Walid, who was known for smart battle planning.
Secondly, fast and mobile troops.
Many Muslim soldiers traveled lightly and used horses or camels.
This meant they could move faster than larger enemies, surprise opponents, and travel across desert areas more easily.
Thirdly, united purpose.
Many soldiers believed strongly in their mission and worked together with discipline.
This helped them stay organized during battles.
So what happened after victories?
When Muslim armies defeated Byzantine forces in some regions, Muslim rulers took control of cities and land.
New governments were set up, mosques and schools were built, trade and travel spread ideas and beliefs.
Over time, many people in these areas learned about Islam, and some chose to become Muslims.
Over to you, true or false?
Islam spread only because of its military strength.
What do you think?
Is this true or is this false?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the answer.
So what did you get?
If you got false, well done.
Why do you think this is?
You can pause the video again and click play when you've got the answer.
So why do you think this is?
Well, Islam also spread due to strong leadership, particularly from the prophet Muhammad and the Rashidun caliphs.
Well done if you got that answer.
Let's move on.
Islam spread due to its enemies' weaknesses.
Here, we have a drawing of Byzantine soldiers and Muslim soldiers fighting at the Battle of Yarmuk.
Islam spread due to the tolerance shown to the cities it captured.
This encouraged everyone to accept other people's culture, differences, and religion.
Here, we have a photo of the Muslim and Christian village of Maalula near Damascus.
Over to you, tolerance means.
.
.
other people's culture, religions, and differences.
Is it A, attacking B, following, or C, accepting?
What do you think?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the answer.
So what did you get?
If you got C, you are correct.
Tolerance means accepting other people's culture, religions, and differences.
Super.
Let's move on.
Task A, Islam spread due to four reasons.
I'd like you to give an example for each of these reasons.
So here, we have strong leadership, military strength, enemies' weaknesses, tolerance.
Can you expand on this?
You can pause the video here and click play when you're ready to rejoin us.
So how did that go?
Well, you might have included these points.
Strong leadership, the prophet Muhammad or Abu Bakr, they had strong leadership.
Military strength, defeated warring tribes and Byzantine forces.
Enemies' weaknesses, Byzantine and Persian armies were weakened by years of fighting.
Tolerance, allowed other religions to practice.
Well done if you got all those key points.
Let's move on the second lesson cycle.
Now, we're going to be exploring the "City of Peace.
" Let's begin.
On the left, we have a map of the main routes of the Silk Road.
The Abbasid Caliphate became rich from trade, particularly from the Silk Road.
They used this money to build a new capital city, Baghdad.
Baghdad was designed to be a grand and well-planned city.
It was built on the Silk Road to create more trading opportunities and so that many people from around the world would come to visit the city.
It also had many public facilities, such as parks, hospitals, mosques, and libraries.
Baghdad was soon known as the "City of Peace," and it was proof of the wealth of the Abbasid Caliphate.
Over to you, how did the Abbasid Caliphate pay for the building of the new capital city, Baghdad?
Is it A, from money that came from trading on the Silk Road, B, from money that came from mining gold, or C, from money that came from trading on the Paper Road?
What do you think?
You can pause the video here, and click play when you've got the answer.
So what did you get?
If you got A, you are correct.
The Abbasid Caliphate paid for the building of the new capital city, Baghdad, from money that came from on the Silk Road.
Super.
Let's move on.
On the left, we have a map showing Baghdad between 767 and 912.
CE.
Baghdad was known as the "City of Peace" and was founded by caliph Al-Mansur in 762 CE.
We have an illustration of the House of Wisdom.
Baghdad was founded in the early days of the "Golden Age" of Islam.
This was a time of incredible learning, discovery, and creativity.
One of the most exciting things about the "Golden Age" of Islam was how much people learned about science, mathematics, and medicine, and how many people made discoveries in these three subjects.
Scholars and intellectuals from all over the world came to Baghdad's House of Wisdom to research, to debate with each other, and to translate text from other languages into Arabic.
Over to you, the "Golden Age" of Islam was a time of.
.
.
Is it A, learning, B, forgetting, or C, sadness?
What do you think?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've the answer.
So what did you get?
If you got A, learning, you are correct.
Well done.
Let's move on.
Baghdad continued to be the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate for hundreds of years, and its wealth and culture left a lasting impact on the rest of the world.
The "City of Peace" played an important role in the "Golden Age" of Islam.
Baghdad continued to be the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate for hundreds of years, and its wealth and culture left a lasting impact on the rest of the world.
The "Golden Age" of Islam lasted for approximately 500 years until 1258 CE, which is around the same time that the Abbasid Caliphate ended.
Which of these best describes Baghdad's role during the "Golden Age" of Islam?
Is it A, Baghdad was a small trading village with little connection to the rest of the world, B, Baghdad was the capital of Abbasid Caliphate and became an important center of wealth and culture, or C, Baghdad was only used as a military and trading base and was not known for learning or culture?
What do you think?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the answer.
So what did you get?
If you got B, you are correct.
Baghdad was the capital of Abbasid Caliphate and became an important center of wealth and culture.
Task B.
Read Andeep's statement below.
Write two or three sentences explaining why you agree or disagree with it.
Andeep says, "Al-Mansur's dream to create a great was realized.
" A good answer should include the following: the "Golden Age" of Islam, the Silk Road.
You can pause the video here and complete the task now.
Click play when you're ready to rejoin us.
So how did that go?
Your answer may have included something like this: "I agree with Andeep because Al-Mansur wanted to build a great city, and he achieved this.
He chose the site for Baghdad because it was on the Silk Road, which attracted traders and scholars from around the world.
Baghdad became a great city because it was built during a time of incredible learning, discovery, and creativity, which is known as the "Golden Age" of Islam.
" Well done if you manage to include two or three of those points.
Fantastic.
Let's summarize our learning.
So this lesson was about how Baghdad became the "City of Peace.
" You now understand that Islam spread from the Arabian Peninsula to the Southern Mediterranean, Middle East, and parts of Asia.
Islam spread due to strong leadership, military strength, opponents' weaknesses, and tolerance shown to captured cities.
The wealth that came from trading networks, like the Silk Road, led to the founding of Baghdad as a new capital for the Abbasid Caliphate .
Baghdad was founded in the early days of the "Golden Age" of Islam, and soon became known as the "City of Peace.
" Thank you so much for joining me in this lesson.
I hope you enjoyed it.
Bye.
