also known as Stormtroopers or Brownshirts; the Nazi Party’s paramilitary wing who protected meetings and used violence to intimidate opponents

a person who believes the government should own key industries to ensure wealth and resources are shared more equally among all people

a highly trained elite paramilitary unit, originally formed as Hitler’s bodyguards, later central to Nazi terror and repression

the forceful removal of people seen as unwanted or threatening, often involving violence against political opponents

meaning ‘leader’; a key Nazi idea promoting total authority under one ruler to end chaos, Hitler later adopted it to assert himself as Germany’s supreme ruler

Hitler's creation of a dictatorship

History

The First World War and the German Revolution

The Weimar Republic

Early unrest and the Treaty of Versailles

Threats to the Weimar Republic from the left and the right

1923, the Ruhr and hyperinflation

Economic recovery under Stresemann

Stresemann's international achievements

Social and economic change 1924-29

Weimar culture 1924-29

The early development of the NSDAP

The Munich Putsch

The NSDAP's 'lean years'

The growth of unemployment and rise in support for the Communist Party

The growth in support for the Nazi Party

How Hitler became Chancellor of Germany

The Reichstag Fire and the Enabling Act

Nazi control of the police and the legal system

The Nazi Party and religion

Goebbels and propaganda in Nazi Germany

Opposition and resistance in Nazi Germany

Women in Nazi Germany

Young people in Nazi Germany

Employment in Nazi Germany

Work and life in Nazi Germany

Nazi racial ideology and the treatment of minorities

The persecution of Jews

In this unit, pupils study a modern society and the issues that affected it in great depth over a shorter period. They learn about the key events, developments, people and stories that shaped this modern society over a period of around twenty to thirty years.

Modern depth studies

Historic or outdated representations of people that may portray inequality or injustice.

Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

Language which has the power to offend including terms of racist or ethnic abuse, sexual and sexist abuse, abuse relating to sexuality, pejorative terms aimed at illness or disabilities and derogatory or inappropriate use of holy names or religious terms.

Subjects which particular individuals may be sensitive to, eg, adoption, migration, bereavement or death, divorce, poverty, deprivation.

Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

Depiction or discussion of violence or fighting, including threats of violence or the aftermath of violence.

Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Depiction or discussion of serious mental health issues including eating disorders, self-harm, suicide or attempted suicide, or the aftermath of such an event.

Depiction or discussion of mental health issues

He believed the Nazi revolution had stalled and they should challenge elites.

He felt Nazism had become too violent and wanted change.

He wanted to bring monarchy and the Kaiser back to Germany.

Why did Röhm believe a 'second revolution' was needed in 1934?

It aimed to redistribute land and wealth, upsetting wealthy elites.

It promised to restore the monarchy and end socialism.

It promoted loyalty to the president over Hitler.

It threatened to replace the army with a people’s force made up of SA troops.

Why did Röhm’s radical SA vision worry Germany’s leaders in 1934?

In the lead-up to the Night of the Long Knives, Hitler received reports from Göring and {{}} claiming the SA posed a threat to state security.

It involved the removal of laws Hitler disliked.

It was a democratic decision made by vote.

It was a violent removal of political threats.

Why is the term ‘purge’ appropriate to describe the Night of the Long Knives?

Starting with the earliest, sort these events into the correct chronological order:

It encouraged the army to oppose Hitler’s dictatorship.

It required soldiers to swear loyalty to Hitler personally.

It tied soldiers to the constitution, limiting Hitler’s power.

What was the main effect of the new military oath introduced after Hitler became Führer?

to offer peace to rival political parties

to portray Hitler as Germany’s saviour from the Communist threat

What was the main purpose of the Nazi propaganda campaign before the March 1933 elections?

It allowed them to cancel upcoming elections.

It provided justification to act against the Communists.

It showed that the Weimar Republic was strong.

Why did the Nazis see the Reichstag Fire as an opportunity?

They held a fair vote with all parties present.

They intimidated, arrested, or excluded their opponents.

How did the Nazis ensure the Enabling Act would pass in the Reichstag?

Match each Nazi action with the part of society it targeted.

a form of government where absolute power is held by one leader or small group

a form of government where citizens vote on every decision

a system where all laws must be passed by parliament

a temporary coalition government formed during emergencies

What is the best definition of a dictatorship?

they all protested against the loss of freedom

they were divided between fear, hope, and excitement

How did many Germans react to the Nazi dictatorship by summer 1933?

Starter Quiz