Bivariate data has two variables, where each data point for one variable has a corresponding data point for the other variable.

A scatter graph is a visual representation for bivariate data. It can be useful when determining the nature of the relationship between the variables.

An independent (explanatory) variable is a measure that is predicted to have an effect on another variable.

A dependent (response) variable is a measure whose value is predicted to be affected by an explanatory variable.

Checking understanding of scatter graphs

Maths

Checking understanding of correlation

Estimating from scatter graphs

Interpolation versus extrapolation

Outliers in scatter graphs

Constructing time series graphs

Interpreting time series graphs

Problem solving with scatter graphs and time series

In the prior unit, pupils explored different graphs and charts as a way of presenting data visually. Pupils were introduced to scatter graphs and learnt how to construct them. In this unit, this understanding is extended to using a line of best fit to allow interpolation.

In this unit pupils will learn how to interpret and extract data from scatter graphs and time series graphs.

Graphical representations of data: scatter graphs and time series

A {{}} graph is a visual representation for bivariate data.

What is a variable that is predicted to have an effect on another variable called?

Match each type of variable to the axis it should be plotted on.

The table contains data taken from the Met Office about weather in Stornoway. Sofia plots a scatter graph with sunshine as the dependent variable.  What coordinates should she plot for April?

The graph shows travel data from the ONS about the commuting  distance and the total number of bus journeys in 2023 for different regions of the UK. Which point shows the lowest commuting distance?

Regions in the North have a lower median house price.

Point B represents the highest median income in the South.

Point E represents the lowest median income in the North.

As median income increases, house prices tend to increase.

Point C represents the highest median house price in the South.

The scatter graph shows data taken from the ONS about house prices and annual income. Each point represents a region in England in 2023. Select the correct statements.

Which line segment has a negative gradient?

Which point on the graph has the coordinates (3, 1)? Point {{ }}.

Which point on the graph has the coordinates (5, 3)? Point {{ }}.

What are the coordinates of the point marked on this graph?

The value of $$a$$ on the horizontal axis is {{}}. 

The value of $$b$$ on the vertical axis is {{ }}. 

Starter Quiz

Which line segment has a negative gradient?