Lesson video

Hello, I'm Mrs. Afshan, and welcome to today's lesson.

We are going to be thinkers today just like philosophers.

We'll ask big questions like, "What are rules for?" and "How do I know what's right or wrong?" We'll hear stories from different people around the world and learn how they make good choices.

The lesson is called, "Reflecting on rules and choices," from the unit, "Choices: Do we need rules to live by?" The outcome of today's lesson is, "I can explain how different people use rules to make good choices and reflect on my own worldview." Before we start, let's look at some special words.

These words are the keywords that we will come across in our lesson today.

Let's look at them together.

The words are worldview, choices, God, and reflection.

Let's read them one more time using "my turn and your turn." The first word is worldview.

Worldview.

Choices.

Choices.

God God.

Reflection.

Reflection.

Great work.

Let's see what these words mean, starting with worldview.

Worldview is the way you understand and live in the world around you.

The next word is choices.

Choices are decisions we make about what we do or say.

God is a divine being that is worshipped by believers.

And finally, reflection.

Reflection is thinking about ideas and why you have them.

Great job.

If you would like, you can write these words down on a paper or a whiteboard so you could go back to them when you come across in the lesson.

Let's get started.

Our lesson today has two cycles.

First, we're going to look at how do others live well.

To help us with that, we have Sofia here who's going to tell us a little bit about philosophy in religious education.

Sofia says, "Philosophers ask big, important questions and trying to answer them by thinking carefully.

You can use philosophy to ask questions, share your ideas, and understand other people's thoughts too." In this lesson, we will explore how different people use rules to guide their choices, and how these reflect their beliefs and worldviews.

Let's join Sofia and Lucas who are reflecting on big questions that philosophers might ask about making choices.

"How do you decide what is right or wrong?" ask Sofia.

Lucas questions, "Where do these ideas of right and wrong come from?" Where do you think ideas of right and wrong might come from? Have a think.

Great thinking.

Sofia's thinking about the idea of a worldview.

She says, "Our ideas about good and bad, right and wrong, depend on our worldview.

We all see the world in different ways.

Many worldviews use stories to help people understand how to make choices." Let's listen to some stories from different worldviews and reflect on what they teach people about living well.

Time for a check.

What is a worldview? Is it pair of glasses, or how people see the world, or is it a list of rules? What do you think? That's correct.

A worldview is how people see the world.

Great.

How do Jews decide how to make good choices? Does the picture remind you of any stories that can help us understand? A long time ago, a man named Moses climbed a mountain called Mount Sinai.

People believe that God gave him the 10 special rules, which are the Ten Commandments, to help Jews make good choices every day.

Sofia's thinking, "How do Christians decide how to make good choices?" Jesus was a special teacher who love to help people learn how to be kind and good.

One day someone asked Jesus, "What is the most important rule?" Jesus said, "Love God with all your heart and love other people like you love yourself." The rule to love God and others helps Christians make good choices.

Now, let's think about Hindus.

How do Hindus decide how to make good choices? Let's think about the story of Ganesha and his brother, Kartikeya, who were told to race around the whole world.

Ganesha's brother ran off quickly, but Ganesha did something different.

He gently walked in a circle around his parents and said, "They are my world." Hindus believe they showed Ganesha's great wisdom and love because he understood that family is very important.

Rather than following the rules and trying to win a race, Ganesha used his wisdom to choose to show love.

Many Hindus believe you should act out of love rather than following a list of rules.

Sofia is now thinking about humanist.

She's thinking, "How do humanists decide how to make good choices?" Let's recap.

Humanists have a known religious worldview, which means they do not believe in God.

But many humanists still read stories to help them think about living well.

In the story, the fox invited the stork to dinner and served food in a shallow dish that the stork couldn't eat from.

Later, the stork invited the fox and served food in a tall narrow jar that the fox couldn't eat from.

This story can teach humanists the importance of empathy, thinking about how others feel.

Humanists try to use empathy and make good choices.

Time for a check.

Only people who have a religious worldview use stories to help them make good choices.

True or false? What do you think? False.

Because we've looked at lots of stories today, both religious and non-religious, and we know that humanist use stories like "The Fox and the Stork" to think about ideas like empathy and making good choices.

Well done if you chose false as your answer.

Great.

Time for your task.

We have looked at four stories from different worldviews.

Can you find one similarity between the stories, and find one difference between the stories? You can post the video now and come back when you're ready to check your answer with me.

Let's check your answer.

You may have included, these stories come from different worldviews.

A similarity is that all of the stories help people learn how to make good choices and live well with others.

A difference is some teach people about rules from God, and others come from people who believe in being kind and fair without following a religion.

The Ten Commandments are rules from God that help people make good choices and live with love and fairness.

"The Fox and the Stork" is a story that teaches us to be fair and treat others kindly so we can live well together.

Well done if you wrote that as your answer.

We now know how others live well.

Let's now think about, "How do I live well?" Sofia and Lucas are reflecting, "How do I make good choices and live well?" They're thinking.

"I'm not sure what reflection means," says Lucas.

Sofia replies and helps him understand.

She says, "It means thinking deeply about what is important to you, and where those ideas come from." Rebecca explains how her Jewish worldview helps her make good choices.

She says that the Ten Commandments teach her how to live well and be kind.

They remind her to respect others, tell the truth, and help people.

When she remembers them, it's easier for her to choose what's right.

Time for a check.

What do the Ten Commandments help Rebecca do? Is it win a race, or make good choices and be kind, or learn how to cook? What do you think? That's correct.

Ten Commandments help Rebecca make good choices and be kind.

That's the correct answer.

Well done.

Let's meet Charlie who explains how his Christian worldview inspires him to live well.

Charlie says, "I love the story where Jesus says, 'Love one another as I have loved you.

' That means being kind, even when it's hard.

Sometimes my brother makes me cross, but I remember Jesus who wants us to love everyone even when they are silly.

So I try to be patient and give hugs instead of shouting." Let's meet Kavita.

Kavita reflects on the story of Ganesha and the race around the world, and how it helps her make good choices.

She loves the story about Ganesha.

In one story, instead of racing around the world, Ganesha walks around his parents and says, "You are my whole world." Kavita says, "This story teaches me to love my family and think before I act.

I try to help at home, and thank my mom and dad like Ganesha showed respect." Great reflection, Kavita.

Let's see if you got that.

What does this story of Ganesha teach Kavita? Is it to run fast in races, or to play with her friends, or is it to love her family and think before acting? What do you think? That's correct.

The story of Ganesha taught Kavita to love her family and think before acting.

Great.

Here we have Elijah who has a humanist worldview.

He learns from stories and how people treat each other.

Elijah says, "I don't follow religion, but I think it's really important to be kind." I like 'The Fox and the Stork' story.

The fox played a trick, but then the stork did the same thing back.

It made me think I should treat people the way I want to be treated.

That's why I try to be fair and take turns when I play with my friends." "I really liked the story about Ganesha," says Lucas.

It made me think about how important my family is.

Sofia's reflecting and saying, "I liked the story about the Ten Commandments.

It made me think about how rules help us know what's right and wrong." Which story did you like? Why did you like it? Talk to the person sitting next to you and share your ideas.

Great.

Time for our next task.

We've heard stories about how people from different beliefs use special rules or ideas to help them live well and make good choices.

Now it's your turn.

Imagine you could make your own three rules to help people live well.

What would they be? Write three rules you think everyone should try to follow to live well together.

You can pause the video now and come back when you're ready with your rules.

Let's check your answers.

We had to write three rules that everyone should try and follow to live well together.

You may have included, use kind words, treat others how you want to be treated, and listen to your parents and teachers.

Rules helps us make good choices and live well together.

Well done if you wrote your own three rules.

Now let's go back and reflect on our lesson.

We've learned that rules help us make good choices.

People follow different rules to be kind, fair, and live happily with others.

People follow rules because of their worldview, both religious and non-religious, to help them understand the world.

We can reflect on how our actions help us and others live well.

And rules are like helpful choices that keep us safe and happy together.

Well done.

You've been amazing thinkers just like philosophers.

We learn that people around the world use stories, rules, and ideas to help them make good choices and live well.

Some people follow rules from their religion, like the Ten Commandments, or stories about Ganesha.

Others like humanists, believe it's important to treat people fairly and kindly without following a religion.

But all these people, just like us, want to make good choices, be kind, and live well together.

Great thinking today, philosophers.

That's all we have in today's lesson.

I will see you in our next lesson.

Goodbye.