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Hello, my name's Ms. Rivers.

I'm glad you've chosen this lesson, and I'm looking forward to working with you today.

This lesson is from the unit Ethics: How do we Decide What is Good? The lesson is called Muslim Values, and it focuses on the choices Muslims make when they're deciding how to live a good life.

By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to explain how Muslims decide what is good.

Think about what you already know about Muslim worldviews.

You might know some codes of behaviour or some rules that Muslims might choose to follow.

The keywords for today's lesson are: ethical; that's relating to moral principles that shape behaviour.

Values; these are principles that guide thinking and attitudes.

Sunnah; this is guidance for Muslims on how to live a good life.

And Hadith; this is a collection of stories, sayings, and actions of Prophet Muhammad.

We'll be using these words all the way through the lesson.

Some of them might be new to you, so take a moment to look at them, and see if you can remember what they mean.

Pause the video for a moment while you do that.

In the first part of the lesson, we'll be looking at codes and rules that Muslims follow to help them to make ethical choices.

How do Muslims decide what is good? This lesson is a philosophy lesson.

Sofia explains how we use philosophy in religious education.

She says, "Philosophy is the study of what we know and how we know it.

Philosophers ask questions about how people think or reason about the world around them, and how we can know what is true or real.

We can better understand worldviews by using philosophical tools like thought experiments, critical thinking, and reasoning." This lesson is about Muslim values and ethical choices, and it will help us to better understand Muslim worldviews.

Here's a picture of the Qur'an.

The Qur'an is the Muslim Holy Book.

Many Muslims read and recite this sacred text.

They believe it to be the Word of God, Allah.

Allah is the Arabic word for God, and that's the word Muslims use when they're talking about God.

The Qur'an contains words about forgiveness, justice, and honesty.

These values help Muslims to live a good life.

Izzy and Alex are having a conversation and wondering about Muslim ethics.

Izzy says, "I wonder how people with Muslim worldviews decide what is good.

Does the Qur'an tell them how to make ethical choices?" Alex says, "I would like to know if Muslims have a list of rules to follow.

Do they have role models and examples of how to live a good life?" What would you say to Izzy and Alex? Are you able to answer any of their questions? How do you think they might go about finding some answers? Pause the video and think about what you might say to them.

If there's someone near you, you might want to share your ideas with them.

Izzy and Alex have decided to meet some people with Muslim worldviews, so that they can ask their questions.

Nadia has a Muslim worldview, so Izzy asks her about Muslim ethics.

She says, "Does the Qur'an tell you how to make ethical choices?" Nadia says, "The Qur'an has a lot of ethical guidance.

The most important aim for a Muslim is to please Allah.

The Qur'an says we do this by 'encouraging good and forbidding evil.

' These words appear in the Qur'an more than once, so they are important." So Nadia has picked out some words from the Qur'an that help her to make ethical choices.

The words are "encouraging good and forbidding evil." So this is about trying hard to do the right thing, and stopping yourself doing the wrong thing.

And this is something that Nadia tries to do.

Izzy has another question for Nadia.

"How do you follow the ethical teachings of the Qur'an in your daily life?" Nadia says, "I remember Allah and try to please Him in the little things each day, such as being kind to people and being patient at work.

My daily prayer times help me to focus on doing good in my life.

I do good deeds such as helping at the foodbank." Do you remember those words that Nadia picked out of the Qur'an, encouraging good? Nadia's answer to Izzy shows how she follows this ethical code in her everyday life.

She prays every day, and this reminds her to try and please God in what she does, such as helping at the foodbank and being kind to people.

Here's a quick check.

Can you find the best word to complete Izzy's sentence? She says, "Muslims read the Qur'an to find something about how to live a good life." Which is the best word to fill that gap? Is it, a, good deeds, b, questions, or, c, guidance? Pause the video while you think about your answer.

That's right, the best answer to fill the gap is, c, guidance.

Muslims read the Qur'an to find guidance about how to live a good life.

Well done if you picked that answer.

Muslims have other holy writings as well as the Qur'an.

One of their holy writings is called the Hadith.

The Hadith is a collection of the Prophet Muhammad's sayings and actions that were collected and written down many years ago.

You can see a picture here of some of the writings of the Hadith collected together in a series of books.

The Sunnah is another holy text for Muslims. This is a book of guidance based on some of the stories in the Hadith.

Iqbal has a Muslim worldview.

Alex has some questions for him about rules.

Alex asks, "Do Muslims have a list of rules to follow?" Iqbal answers, "The Qur'an gives guidance about living a good life, but there's not a single, simple list.

Muslim scholars explain ethical texts to help us to understand them.

Muslims also read the Sunnah to find practical examples of behaviour from the life and teachings of the Prophet." So Iqbal is helping us to understand some of the things Muslims do to help them to decide what is good.

They read the Qur'an, and they listen to the explanations of ethics given by Muslim scholars.

They also read the Sunnah to look for examples of behaviour from the Prophet Muhammad.

And all these things help Muslims like Iqbal to make ethical choices.

Alex has another question for Iqbal.

"So, how does the example of the Prophet Muhammad help you to live a good life?" Iqbal answers, "The Hadith inspires me with the actions and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad.

The Sunnah explains how to put Muslim ethics into practise by showing what the Prophet approved of.

After the Qur'an, the Sunnah is the most important source of ethical guidance for Muslims, so it's important that we read and understand it.

Iqbal has given us a helpful explanation of those keywords: Hadith and Sunnah.

So the Hadith is a collection of actions and sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, and Iqbal says that these actions and sayings inspire him.

The Sunnah gives explanations and guidance for Muslims based on the actions and teachings of the Prophet in the Hadith.

Iqbal says that the Sunnah is the most important source of guidance after the Qur'an, and that's because it's based on the actions and teachings of the Prophet, and it gives reasons for the ethical choices that Muslims need to make.

Alex and Izzy have learned a lot from all of their questions.

And now, Izzy asks Nadia, "Can you summarise how Muslims use their holy texts for ethical guidance?" Listen carefully to hear how Nadia summarises the three sources of ethical guidance for Muslims. She says, "Values such as generosity, kindness, and respect are in the Qur'an.

These values are demonstrated in the Hadith through the words and stories of the Prophet Muhammad.

The Sunnah uses the stories to explain the Prophet's good example.

All these Islamic texts guide my behaviour and ethical choices." Here's a quick check.

True or false? The Qur'an is the only source of Muslim ethical teaching.

Pause the video while you decide whether this is True or False, and think about the reasons for your answer.

That's right, the answer is False.

As well as the Qur'an, Muslims follow the Sunnah to guide them into living a good life.

The Sunnah helps Muslims to learn from the example of the Prophet Muhammad.

Well done if you've got that answer right.

Now, it's time for a task.

Think about this question.

"How do the Qur'an, Hadith, and Sunnah help Muslims to decide what's good?" Use the case studies of Iqbal and Nadia to give examples of how they use these Islamic holy texts.

Pause the video while you do your work.

How did you get on? Your answer might look something like this.

"Nadia reads the Qur'an to find Words from God about generosity, kindness, and forgiveness.

She wants to please God with her good behaviour.

Muslims like Iqbal are inspired by values shown in the stories and words from the Prophet Muhammad in the Hadith.

Nadia and Iqbal read the Sunnah to learn more about the example of the Prophet Muhammad.

It is nearly as important as the Qur'an in helping them to decide what is good." I wonder if you came up with some ideas a bit like that.

Did you manage to include some keywords in your answer as well? Well done for working hard on that task.

In the second part of the lesson, we're going to think about how Muslims use the words from the Qur'an to help them to make ethical choices in their everyday lives.

How might Muslims apply teachings from the Qur'an? Izzy and Alex are having a conversation about the Qur'an.

Izzy says, "I wonder what the Qur'an actually says about how to make good choices.

I would be interested in hearing some of the words from the Qur'an." Alex says, "We should ask some Muslims to tell us more about the Qur'an, and how they apply the words to their ethical choices." Alex asks Nadia, "Can you tell us more about the Qur'an?" Nadia says, "The Qur'an is divided into 114 Surahs.

Surah is the Arabic word for chapter.

The chapters might be long or short with different themes and stories." Alex asks, "What sort of guidance is in the Qur'an?" Nadia gives an example of guidance using Surah 17.

She says, "Surah 17 of the Qur'an is very long.

It includes a list of Islamic values, a bit like a short ethical code.

It gives examples of how to treat family members and others.

It also helps us to have a healthy attitude to Allah and ourselves." Here are some words from Surah 17 that Nadia was talking about.

The Qur'an is always recited in Arabic, but these words have been translated into simple English, so that we can understand what they're saying for our lesson.

"Do not set up another god with God.

Your Lord has commanded that you worship none but Him." These words tell Muslims that they should worship only God, Allah, He is the most important.

Here are some more words from the Surah.

"Do not be arrogant in your beliefs, and do not walk proudly on earth.

You can neither pierce the earth, nor can you match the mountains in height." These words say that human beings should not be full of their own importance.

They should not be proud in what they believe.

Humans are not strong or powerful like God.

Humans are small, not huge like mountains.

Izzy asks Nadia what she learns from the words that we've just read.

"What values do you learn from the ethical code in Surah 17?" Nadia replies with an explanation of how the values in Surah 17 help her to understand God.

She says, "The list of values in Surah 17 begins and ends with our understanding of Allah.

Muslims should worship only Allah.

Nothing else is important.

We should not be proud or arrogant in our beliefs.

No one has all the answers, only Allah." Izzy wants to know more about how Nadia's understanding of God affects her everyday life.

She asks, "How do you apply Surah 17 to your daily life?" Nadia answers, "As a Muslim, one of my values is to prioritise daily prayer and reading the Qur'an.

Surah 17 reminds me that Allah is interested in the choices I make, and there is always more to learn about Him." So here's a quick check.

Which of the following is not true of Surah 17? a, it has a list of values, b, it is a long chapter, c, it is found in the Qur'an, d, it is found in the Hadith.

Pause the video while you decide which one of these is not true.

That's right, the answer is d.

Surah 17 is not found in the Hadith, it's in the Qur'an.

Well done if you've got that answer right.

Here are some more words from Surah 17 translated into English.

"Be good to your parents.

Do not say words of disrespect, nor scold them, but say kind words.

Say, 'My Lord, have mercy on them as they raised me when I was a child.

'" Pause the video and think about what the instructions are from these words from the Qur'an.

If there's someone near you, you might want to share your ideas with them.

I wonder what you thought those words were about.

<v ->In summary, Surah 17 says</v> that Muslims should respect their parents, because they brought you up.

The words from the Qur'an talk about using kind words to parents, and appreciating that they brought you up.

Here are some more instructions from Surah 17.

The words say, "Give rights to your relatives, the poor, and the wayfarer, and do not squander wastefully, or live extravagantly.

Care for orphans' property until they reach maturity." Pause the video again and pick out the instructions that Muslims might learn from these words.

I wonder what you picked out.

These lines summarise the way Muslims should use their money wisely, and not be extravagant.

They should be respecting and caring for the poor and needy, and using their money to help the homeless and orphans.

Alex asks Iqbal to explain what Muslims learn from Surah 17.

Iqbal gives a summary of the words we've just read.

He says, "Surah 17 has ethical teaching about relationships, including respecting our parents and caring for people who are vulnerable in our society, such as orphans and homeless people." Alex has another question for Iqbal.

He says, "Can you explain how you apply values from the Qur'an to your life?" Iqbal explains how the ethical teachings from the Qur'an help him to make choices.

He says, "I live my life according to the teachings and values in the Qur'an.

I respect my parents by talking to them kindly and being thankful to them.

I give money regularly to help charities working with the homeless and other needy people in our community." Here's a quick check.

True or false? The Qur'an includes teaching about ethical issues as well as words about God.

Pause the video while you decide whether this is True or False, and think about some reasons for your answer.

That's right, the answer is True.

The Qur'an does include teaching about ethical issues, such as family relationships, honesty, and caring for the needy.

Well done if you've got the answer right.

Now it's time to do a task.

Read the following texts from Surah 17.

Some of them are familiar and some of them are ones that we haven't used in the lesson, but they are included in that chapter.

For each of these texts, give an example of how Muslims might apply this guidance to their lives.

You could use words, pictures, or cartoons to express your ideas.

Here are the texts.

1, "Be good to your parents.

Do not say words of disrespect, nor scold them." 2, "Honour your promises; promises involve responsibility." And, 3, "Give full measure when you measure, and weigh with accurate scales." Pause the video while you do your task.

I wonder how you got on with finding examples of how Muslims might apply those texts.

You might have said something like this: For text number 1, "A Muslim would try to speak to their parents respectfully.

They would be kind and look after them as they got older." For text number 2, "A Muslim would recognise that promises are important and should not be made lightly.

They would try to keep promises they had made.

For text number 3, "A Muslim would make sure to be honest when selling or giving things to others.

They would take care to measure or weigh the correct amount without cheating." I wonder if you had some ideas similar to mine.

Maybe you use pictures as well as words to express your ideas.

Well done for working hard on the task.

Here's a summary of all that we've learned in today's lesson.

Muslims read the Qur'an to decide what is good.

They also learn from the teaching and example of the Prophet Muhammad by reading the Hadith and the Sunnah.

The Prophet Muhammad taught values of generosity and kindness.

Many Muslims will try to make ethical decisions based on how they apply the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and the words of the Qur'an.

Well done for working hard in today's lesson.

I've enjoyed working with you.