Hi, I'm Ms. Lowe, and I'm your RSHE teacher for today.

Thank you so much for choosing to complete your learning with me.

And today's lesson is all about responding to online bullying, and because of some of the themes and topics that we're gonna cover today in this lesson, it's important that you complete your learning with the company of an adult.

And here's our outcome for today's lesson.

So by the end of our lesson together today, you are gonna be able to explain what to do if you witness online bullying.

Every RSHE lesson should begin with a set of ground rules.

This ensures that every conversation had in RSHE is respectful and we're all able to learn effectively.

So Laura is reminding us that in RSHE, we should listen to others.

"It's okay to disagree with each other, but we should listen properly before making assumptions or deciding how to respond.

And when disagreeing, we challenge the statement and not the person." Andeep is reminding us to respect privacy.

"We can discuss examples, but we don't use names or descriptions that can identify anyone, including ourselves." Izzy is reminding us to choose a level of participation that suits us.

"Everyone has the right to choose not to answer a question or to join in a discussion, but we never put anyone on the spot." And finally, Jacob is reminding us that in RSHE, there is no judgement.

"We can explore beliefs and misunderstandings about a topic without the fear of being judged." Let's go through our keywords for today's lesson together.

Bystander, someone who witnesses something.

Active bystander, someone who takes action when something bad happens.

Passive bystander, someone who does nothing when something bad happens.

And ignore, to pretend that something is not happening or not important.

Here is our outline for today's lesson.

So we're gonna begin today by asking the question, how can we respond to online bullying? Now, online bullying, we often hear referred to as cyberbullying.

Cyberbullying can take many different forms. For example, threats, harassment, impersonation, which is where somebody will make a fake account and pretend to be somebody to post embarrassing images or embarrassing things on their social media.

Or they might make an account, pretend to be someone else to communicate with the victim.

There's also stalking, following somebody else's activity on social media, finding out who they are, finding out their details, where they are.

And finally, exclusion, purposefully leaving somebody out of something with the intention to make them feel upset.

And this often happens on group chats.

Now, Jacob is telling us here that bullying online or in person is never acceptable.

Cyberbullying and online bullying is just as harmful as in-person bullying.

It's really important to remember that it is everyone's responsibility to stand up to cyberbullying.

It's not just the person on the receiving end of it.

It's not just the victim.

Everybody has a responsibility to stand up and speak out when they witness it.

So whether it's happening to us or we're a bystander, so we're witnessing it happening, if we stand up to online bullying, we can make online spaces safer for everyone.

Now let's pause here and we'll check our understanding about what we've just learned.

True or false? It is only the person being bullied online who has a responsibility to stand up to it.

So pause the video, have a think, and we'll go through the right answer together.

Well done if you said false, and of course, this is false, but why? Well, it's everyone's responsibility to stand up to cyberbullying because this can make online spaces safer for everyone.

Well done if you got that right.

If we are the person being bullied online, it's important not to respond to the bully directly or to retaliate with unkindness.

You may have heard this referred to as a bullying back.

That is not a helpful way to deal with online bullying.

Like Sam said, "Retaliating by sending hurt," sorry, "hurtful comments back can make the bully more aggressive or threatening." It can escalate the situation.

Bullies often bully in order to get a reaction.

So not responding to them takes away that power.

And we're gonna pause.

I'm gonna check our understanding again here.

So which of the following should we not do if we're experiencing bullying? Report it, retaliate, or respond.

Pause the video.

Have a think about which of those options are correct, and we'll go through the right one together.

Well done if you said retaliate and respond and extra points if you remember that the reason why we shouldn't do that if we witness or experience online bullying is because this can escalate the situation and make the situation worse.

If we don't respond to a bully, if we don't retaliate, we take away some of that power.

It's important if you experience cyberbullying, online bullying, to document everything.

This means keeping a record of any online bullying, for example, taking screenshots on your phone or on a computer.

And you should also note down the dates and times of the incident.

So keeping a report of everything that's happened.

Izzy's telling us why this is important.

She's saying, "Keeping a record of events is important for when you report the bullying either to the site it occurred on or to a trusted adult." Social media sites and messaging apps have settings that allow us to block and report users who engage in harmful behaviour.

There are also other settings on these sites and apps that can help to keep us safe from any harmful comments online.

Sofia is telling us here that she makes sure that all her social media accounts are private.

So that means that if you're not friends with her, you can't see what she's posting or saying.

This means that she can only also receive messages from people that she knows.

She can't get messages from anyone that she doesn't know, and she only ever interacts with people online that she's friends with.

Another important way of responding to online bullying is speaking to a trusted adult.

And that's whether we experience it directly or we witness it.

These trusted adults could be somebody at home or at school and they can offer us support if we're concerned about the messages that we receive online.

Police Officer Paula is telling us something really interesting here.

She says, "Online bullying that is threatening or makes us concerned for our safety could be a crime.

Speak to a trusted adult if you are ever concerned about your safety." And we're gonna pause, and we're gonna check our understanding once again.

So what is missing from the list of ways that we can respond to online bullying? We've got document unkind behaviour online and keep online accounts private.

But what is missing from that list? Pause the video and have a think, and we'll go through the right answer together.

Really well done if you said to report and block accounts engaging in cyberbullying, to speak to a trusted adult if you witness or experience bullying, and don't retaliate or respond to the bully directly.

And now we are gonna put all that learning into practise.

I would like for you to give Chloe four pieces of advice about how to respond to online bullying.

Chloe is saying, "Sometimes I receive negative comments from anonymous accounts online.

I tend to just ignore them and hope that they stop.

I've seen the same accounts commenting on other people's posts online, but what can I do to stop it?" So you're gonna pause the video here and write down four pieces of advice for Chloe, and then we'll go through what you might have written together.

Great work.

So I asked you to give Chloe four pieces of advice about how to respond to online bullying.

In your answers, you might have said that keeping your online accounts private can prevent cyberbullying or harmful comments from people that you don't know.

If you witness online bullying or experience it, don't ignore it.

You should document the messages or comments.

Blocking and reporting accounts engaging in cyberbullying, and to speak to a trusted adult about any online bullying that you experience or witness.

We are moving on now to the second part of our lesson where we are asking the question, how can we be positive, active bystanders? As soon as we witness online bullying, we become a bystander because we've witnessed it.

Lucas is telling us here that if the bystander or the person who witnesses bullying just ignores it, hopes it'll go away, doesn't think twice about it, they become a passive bystander.

On the other hand, if the bystander takes action to what they witness, they then become an active bystander.

That's really important when we're responding to online bullying that we are trying to be positive, active bystanders and never ignoring online bullying when we witness it.

Because if we ignore the bullying, it can actually give the bully more power because no one is standing up to them.

By ignoring them and not saying anything, it's very similar to us saying that we actually agree with what the bully is doing and we don't want them to stop.

Now we're gonna pause here and we're gonna check our understanding about what we've just learned.

What are Lucas and Jacob describing? So Lucas is saying, "This is a person who witnesses something, for example, online bullying." And Jacob is saying, "This is a person who ignores cyberbullying when they witness it." So pause the video, have a think about what Jacob and Lucas are describing, and then we'll go through the right answers together.

Really well done if you said that Lucas is describing a bystander, remember it's one of our key words.

We said, as soon as you witness bullying, you become a bystander.

Jacob, on the other hand, is describing a passive bystander 'cause he's describing someone who has witnessed cyberbullying and has chosen to ignore it and do nothing about it.

Well done if you got those answers correct.

Now, many people may choose to be a passive bystander and ignore the bullying for various different reasons, such as: They themselves are worried about retaliation from the bully.

They're worrying that if they stand up to the online bully, if they do something, they may be bullied in return.

They may think that if it's not happening to them, it's just not their problem.

They don't have to worry about it.

And they might also be relying on the idea that somebody else might say something.

They might be waiting for somebody else to stand up to it.

It's important to remember that witnessing bullying and ignoring it is a serious problem, and it does nothing to make the internet a safer space for everyone.

Now we're gonna pause here, and we're gonna check our understanding.

So true or false? If someone is being bullied online, we should just ignore it because it's not our problem.

Pause the video.

Have a think about this one.

Is it true or false? Really well done if you said false.

And of course, this is false because witnessing online bullying and doing nothing about it is a serious problem.

We said before that witnessing online bullying and not speaking up is just the same as us saying that we agree with what the bully is doing.

If we stand up to cyberbullying, on the other hand, it can prevent it from happening to somebody else in the future.

Bystanders have lots of power online because they have the power to stop online bullying.

Aisha's telling us here, "It takes courage to stand up to a bully, but by taking action, we can stop it happening to anyone else." If you are worried about retaliation from the bully, even speaking to a trusted adult in private about what you've witnessed can make you an active bystander.

Another way that we can be positive, active bystander is to speak to the person who's being bullied and offer them support.

So reach out to them.

So Megan is saying here, "Hey Chloe, I saw some of the comments online, and I just wanted to let you know I'm here for you if you need to talk to anyone." And Chloe's saying, "I appreciate that.

Thank you, Megan.

You are a really good friend." So just reaching out to the person on the receiving end of the online bullying is a great way to be a positive, active bystander.

We should never positively reinforce the bullies' behaviour.

For example, you should never like or react positively to the actions or comments online, and you should never share harmful content that you see online.

Sometimes, victims feel nervous to report bullies due to a fear of repercussions.

So something happening to them in response.

Being an active bystander can mean reporting incidents of bullying that you witness on behalf of the victim.

You could tell a trusted adult at home or a teacher or even report them to the site that they're on.

And you should also block the account yourself.

Being an active bystander can also mean setting a positive example for others.

So Lucas says here, "I only post positive and kind content and comments because I want everyone to feel happy and safe online." By being a positive role model online, we are actually encouraging other people to do the same and to be active bystanders too and to show that you are somebody that they can go to for support, just like we saw Megan doing for Chloe on the previous slide.

And we're gonna pause here, and we're gonna check our understanding again.

Something bystanders are people who witness bullying and stand up to it.

Pause the video, have a think about which of those words is missing from the sentence, and we'll go through the right answer together.

Really well done if you said active.

Yes, an active bystander is someone who witnesses bullying and stands up to it.

And now we are gonna put our learning into practise.

What I would like for you to do is to read the example of online bullying and write an explanation of what a passive bystander would do in this situation and then what an active bystander would do.

And for each, I'd like you to tell me the effect that that might have.

So the bullying comment says, "Your pictures are horrible, LOL! I really wouldn't have posted these if I were you." And it was posted by anonymous troll account.

So read through that again.

Tell me what's a passive bystander doing? What's an active bystander doing? And then the effect that these actions would have.

Excellent work.

So you were asked to write an explanation of what a passive bystander would do in this situation, and then what an active bystander would do, and then the effect that these actions would have.

So your answer might include that a passive bystander would ignore the online bullying and not do anything.

This would make the bully feel more powerful as no one is standing up to them, and it may encourage them to continue bullying others.

In contrast, an active bystander would report and block the account online and tell a trusted adult about what has happened.

They may also offer the victim support.

This will show the bully that what they have done is wrong, help the victim feel supported and could encourage others to become active bystanders and stand up to bullying too.

Now to end today's lesson, we're gonna go through a quick summary of what we've learned.

Being an active bystander is a positive way to help reduce the chances of online bullying.

It's not okay to witness online bullying and ignore it.

This is known as being a passive bystander.

Social media sites and other online spaces in which bullying takes place have ways to block and report accounts making hurtful comments.

Being an active bystander can also be reporting any bullying we witness to the online space, a trusted adult or the police.

If we are ever the recipient of cyberbullying, we should seek support from trusted adults who can help us appropriately respond to the bullying and make our online accounts safer to prevent it in future.

Now, if any of the topics that we've covered in today's lesson affect you in any way or you have any concerns, here are some places you can go to to access support.

We have first, Childline, a website and phone line, which is able to offer confidential advice and support.

CEOP, which helps protect children from online abuse and exploitation.

And finally, Internet Matters, which teaches children and parents how to stay safe and happy online while using the internet.

And I would like to end by saying a big well done for all of your fantastic work that you've done in our lesson together today.

And I can't wait to see you in another RSHE lesson soon.