Molten (i.e. melted) rock that has broken through Earth's crust.

Molten (i.e. melted) rock beneath the Earth's surface.

A process in which solid crystals form as molten rock cools.

A type of igneous rock that form when lava has cooled and crystallised; they form above Earth's surface.

A type of igneous rock that form when magma has cooled and crystallised; they form under Earth's surface.

Igneous rock

Science

Inside rock

Rocks and minerals

Types of rocks

Structure of Earth

Tectonic plates

Metamorphic rock

In the Carbon Cycle and Climate Change unit, pupils will build on their understanding of Earth's resources to learn about the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels, and the impact of burning fossil fuels within the carbon cycle.

In the key stage 2 Rocks unit, pupils learnt to compare and group rocks on the basis of their appearance and simple physical properties and that soil is made of rocks and organic matter.

This unit explores Earth's composition, structure, and rock cycle, including the formation of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. It also examines Earth as a source of limited resources and the importance of recycling, alongside skills in making and evaluating observations and measurements.

Earth's resources

Physical activity and equipment requiring safe use

Which of the following is the correct name for molten rock that has broken through Earth's crust?

Which of the following is a type of igneous rock that forms inside Earth's crust?

Which of the following factors determines the size of crystals in igneous rocks?

Some rock at the edge of a tectonic plate could melt.

Magma can break through Earth’s surface at a volcano.

Sort the following steps into the correct order to describe how the melting of rock at the edge of a tectonic plate leads to the formation of extrusive igneous rock (e.g. basalt). 

Which of the following is an example of an intrusive igneous rock?

{{}} is the process in which solid crystals form as molten rock cools.

What are the key components that make up rocks?

contain crystals that point in many directions

contain grains that are stuck together and may contain fossils

Match the following rock types with their descriptions.

A mineral is a {{}} substance with a crystal structure, while a rock consists of one or more minerals or rock fragments.

Which of the following is evidence that supports the idea of tectonic plates moving?

{{}} rocks have spaces between grains, allowing water to pass through.

Which of the following features is commonly found in igneous rocks?

Igneous rock

Lesson outcome

Content guidance