Lesson video

- Hi everyone, it's Ms. Van Vliet here and it's nice to see you today.

In this lesson, we're going to explore word class.

I wonder if you can remember what word class is? Right, when you are ready, let's get going with our learning.

Okay, so our learning objective for today is to explore word class.

So in this lesson, you will need exercise book or paper, pencil, and your grammar brain.

So switch that one on, and if you need to get any of those things then pause the video now and go and get them.

Right, so you should have everything ready in front of you, so let's get started.

So our agenda for today is that we're gonna recap sentence types, we're gonna recap word class, then you're gonna sort words into correct word class and then you're gonna identify some word class in sentences.

So let's do our warm up.

Do you remember the three different type of sentences? We've got simple sentences, we've got compound sentences and we've got complex sentence.

So what type of sentence is this? Oliver and the boys waited patiently.

Have some thinking time.

Is it a simple sentence, a compound sentence, or a complex sentence? Can you recall from our previous grammar lesson? What about the next one? Whilst the boy sat quietly, the rest of the hungry orphans were waiting to be served the bland gruel.

Which type is that? What do you see? What can you identify? And then the next one, cobwebs flooded the prison-like hall as rays of sunlight tried to enter through the filthy windows.

What type of sentence is that? What do you notice? Point to it? And then the last one is, hesitantly, Oliver picked out the shortest piece of string and his heart sank in his chest.

What type of sentence is that? Okay, did you choose all of them? Let's check.

Oliver and the boys waited patiently.

It is a simple sentence because it has one main clause.

Well done if you remembered that the simple sentence is made out of one main clause.

Yes, it used the word and, but what was it here? It was used to make a compound subject.

So it was Oliver and the boys, it wasn't used as a conjunction in this case, it was used to make a compound subject.

So it's still simple sentence because it has one main clause.

Let's look at this sentence.

Whilst the boy set quietly, the rest of the hungry orphans were waiting to be served the bland gruel.

Gruel being that porridge, what sentence type was this? Yes, it was a complex sentence.

And that's because we've got a subordinate clause and a main clause.

Can you tell me where the subordinate clause is, please? Point to it on your screen in three, two, one.

Yes, of course.

It's whilst the boys sat quietly.

Now remember, a complex sentence has subordinate clause and a subordinate clause does not make sense on its own.

And then it has a main clause and we have our subordinating conjunctions which one my subordinate conjunction, which word is it in here? Yes, of course, it's whilst.

And do you see that my subordinating clause is at the start of the sentence, so it comes first and then I have my whilst the boys sat quietly, I need a comma.

Well done if you remembered all of those things.

So this sentence, cobwebs flooded the prison-like hall as rays of sunlight tried to enter through the filthy windows.

It is of course a complex sentence.

And again, it has subordinate clause and a main clause.

Can you please identify the subordinate clause for me? Where is it? Point to it on your screen.

Yes, well done if you pointed to as rays of sunlight tried to enter through the filthy windows.

And what word is the subordinate conjunction here? It is, as well done.

In this sentence, is my subordinate clause, does it come first or comes second? It's second.

So do I have a comma? No, no comma if my subordinate clause comes second, well done if you remembered that.

So this sentence, hesitantly, Oliver picked out the shortest piece of string and his heart sank in his chest.

What type of sentence is it? It is an, well, it's a compound sentence.

And it's a compound sentence has two main clauses and they are joint with a coordinating conjunction.

Can you try and point to the coordinating conjunction in this sentence, please? In three, two, one.

Yes, the coordinating conjunction is and.

What are the three coordinating conjunctions that we looked at in previous lessons? Remember, BOA, but, or, and.

But, or, and.

Good, and remember my main clause has to have a verb, it makes sense on its own.

Let's recap, our word class raps.

So, a nouns is a PPT, a person, place, or a thing.

Your turn.

An adverb describes a verb, it often ends in ly.

A verb is a doing or a being word.

If you do it or you are it, then the word is a verb.

An adjective describes a word, it tells us what it's like.

Good, okay.

Let's see if you remember them now.

Can you please point to these and put them in the right place? So, A, what will go in it? Point to them and do that in five, four, three, two, one, let's check.

So it's really ingrained into our brains.

We really remember this.

A noun is a PPT, a person, place, or thing, your turn.

An adjective describes a word to tells us what it's like, your turn.

A verb is a doing or a being word.

If you do it, or you are it, then the word is a verb.

An adverb describes a verb, it often ends in ly.

Good, so this is important that you know this because we're now going to identify some of these words in sentences.

So really take that mental image, really try and get that stuck in your brain, well done.

Okay, what I'd like you to do for this next bit is to sort these words into the correct word class.

So if I were you, I'd be sitting here and then I'm gonna point to us, I'm gonna model this for you.

So I'd say patiently.

Hmm, patiently is an adverb, and then point to the adverb box.

So I'd like you to do that for all of these words.

So you've got patiently, ragged, gruel, gruel being that sloppy kind of, might have given one away now, but gruel is that porridge food.

Sloppy, huddled, silence, hall, and gulping.

So I'd like you to pause the video and go through those words now.

Okay, so you should have had a go at doing this.

So let's check your answers.

So gruel, a noun, 'cause it's that food.

Silence, a noun.

Do you know what type of noun it can be? Yeah, it can be an abstract noun, and well done if you remembered that.

Hall, a noun, it's a place, thing.

The place is the hall.

Ragged, so a ragged is an adjective 'cause it often describes the ragged children or you might say the ragged clothes.

Sloppy, that was the one I gave away before because I said the sloppy gruel and sloppy is when the way it's describing the food.

So it's an adjective.

And then you've got huddled, when you're huddled together, that is a verb.

And gulping, you're gulping something down that is of course a verb.

And patiently is an adverb.

So I'd like you to do now is to identify the word class in the sentence.

So our sentence is, starving, the emaciated boys waited in line with their tummies rumbling like an earthquake.

Can you please identify the the word class in this sentence.

So what would each word be? So pause the video and do that now.

Okay, so you should have had a go at trying to identify the different types of word classes in that sentence.

So let's see and check your answer.

So starving, it's a thing that you're doing, so it's a verb.

The emaciated boys.

Well, emaciated is that word describing boys.

Ooh, do you know what emaciated means? Well it's a tricky word, emaciated.

Emaciated was when you're really skinny and you haven't had enough food to eat and emaciated is when you, maybe you could explain that when a prisoner hasn't been fed, then you might say they were emaciated.

So it's saying when someone hasn't had enough food.

So emaciated boys, well boys is a noun.

Waited is a verb, in line, line is our noun.

With their tummies, noun, rumbling, verb, like an earthquake, earthquake being a noun.

Well done if you got those right.

Ooh, did you notice we had some other types of words in there.

Starving, the emaciated boys waited in line with their tummies rumbling like an earthquake.

Do you know what those types of words are? Have some thinking time.

Here's a little tip, a little clue, starts with a P.

Per, do you know it now? Yeah, they're prepositions.

Prepositions.

Prepositions.

Say the whisper voice, prepositions.

Yeah, and what are prepositions? Prepositions are well, they're words that tell you where or when something is in relation to something else.

They give extra information about the noun.

So my turn, and then your turn, a preposition is a word that tells you where or when something is in relation to something else.

They give extra information about the noun.

So your turn.

Good, okay.

Can you think of examples of prepositions that you know? So pause the video, write some prepositions down on your piece of paper, or you can shout them at the screen.

What propositions do you know already? Pause the video and take a moment to do that.

So I wonder what you came up with.

Well, some words that I came up with when I was doing this activity were in, under, above, on, against, behind, below, beside, inside, around, all of those words are prepositions and they tell us where or when something is in and it gives it that extra information about the noun.

So in, under, above, on, your turn.

Against, behind, below.

Beside, inside, around.

And this is not by any means an exhaustive list, there are many more prepositions.

So there are many more than just what I've got here.

But these are some examples that I thought of when I did this activity.

Right, let's watch a little clip on prepositions.

- [Narrator] Aha mi hearties, yo ho ho on a preposition pirate adventure we will go.

One little pirate sailing on the sea, looking for an island where he can be carefree.

One little pirate shoots cannonballs through the air.

Other ships better watch out and beware.

One little pirate climbs up and down the ropes.

He looks for land ahead, no need for telescopes.

One little pirate scrubs across the decks.

Along comes the captain to do some checks.

One little pirate walks along the plank, dropped his hat into the sea, oh no, it sank! One little pirate with a patch over his eye.

Roars and shouts at everyone trying to petrify.

One little pirate buries treasure under the ground.

He digs down deep so it will never be found.

One little pirate spots a bottle at low tide.

He pulls out the message he finds inside.

One little pirate finds an X on his map, above him flies his parrot, flap, flap, flap.

One little pirate really is the best, always finding treasure in buried treasure chests.

Aha mi hearties, yo ho ho on a preposition pirate adventure we did go.

- Okay, so now that you know those, we knew there's four word classes and now we know what a preposition is, can you identify the words in this sentence? So pause the video and identify each of the words.

Do that now.

So you should have paused the video and you should have had a go at identifying these words and let's see.

Desperate to eat, well desperate is an adjective because it's describing the children.

Eat and fighting are verbs.

Through hunger, hunger is a noun.

They waited patiently, waited as a verb.

Patiently is an adverb, with their hands clasped together.

So if your hands are clasped together, can you claps your hands and then put them on your knees? So did you see hands? My hands are a noun, they're clasped, I'm doing it and they're on my knees, knees is a noun.

And on is the preposition.

It's telling me where they are.

So my hands are clasped together on their knees.

So well done if you spotted all of those words.

Try one more.

Bellowing, the master, who was stood beside the cook said his prayers to the prison-like hall of children.

So can you identify all the words in this sentence, please? Pause the video and do that now.

Okay, so I hope you had a go at doing that.

It's quite tricky this, isn't it? I think so.

It makes me think.

So bellowing, well the master was bellowing, that means that he was shouting really loud.

He's saying, he was doing that, he's bellowing.

So really shouting.

The master of course is a noun, who was stood, so he was standing.

So is that past tense and was is a being word and stood is a doing, so they're both verbs.

Beside the cook.

So where is the master standing? He's standing beside the cook.

So beside is a preposition.

Beside is a, good.

Cook of course is a noun.

And then said is a verb, 'cause he's saying it.

His prayers is a noun.

Two is a preposition.

And the prison-like is an adjective here.

And we've used the hyphen to make two words into one adjective, so prison-like.

And it's hall for a noun.

And then of children is another preposition.

Well done if you spotted all those, really difficult.

Wow, so in our lesson today, we recapped sentence types.

We recapped word class.

We sorted words into the correct word class and you've identified word class in a sentence and that was not easy and it can get a bit confusing and muddled, but it's good practise and well done for sticking through with it.

So, that's it, well done for today's lesson.

And when you are talking, or speaking to anyone, you can have a think of some the word classes that you were using today.

See if you have used any prepositions.

Maybe someone's asking you where something is and you're saying, "Oh, it's on the table." What have you used? A preposition.

Well done, see you all soon, bye.