Lesson video

Hello, my name is Mr. Lindley, and I'm going to be your PE teacher for today.

In this set of lessons, we're going to be looking at water safety and self-rescue skills.

So water safety, self rescue is a key part of the national curriculum for swimming.

So these lessons they're not there to replace the work that you'll do when you go to the swimming pool for lessons, no.

But hopefully they'll enhance and develop your knowledge and understanding of water safety, self rescue and what to do in a water-based emergency.

Throughout these lessons, we might have short physical activity breaks.

I don't like sitting for too long in front of a screen, so we might jump up get moving and before carrying on with our learning.

So please join in with that with me.

In today's lesson, we're going to be looking at what would happen if you fell into cold water.

We'll be looking at some of our self rescue techniques to help us get out of that situation.

And we'll also look at the effects that cold water has on our body.

We do need to keep ourselves safe in today's lesson.

So please make sure that there is a parent, or a trusted adult with you, when you take part in this lesson.

Make sure there's enough space for you to work safely.

We might be doing a few of our physical activity breaks.

Please pop your trainers on not just socks in case you slip.

Make sure the floor's not slippy and also wear something comfortable.

Pop your hair up if needed and remove any jewellery.

In this lesson, you're going to need some pens, pencils or felt tips, something to colour and draw with.

You're also going to need a chair or a stool something to sit on to do some of the activities and exercises.

Click, pause to go and get those items, and click resume once you've done that.

Okay, we're going to firstly start off with a cold water experiment that I'm going to do for you in a minute.

Then we're going to have a look at activity one which is our self rescue techniques.

We'll then have a look at designing a postcard, which again I think you'll quite enjoy that one.

And then you'll be able to have a go at the exit quiz.

Key words for today.

Inflatable, capable of being filled with air.

And we might be thinking of inflatable items that might help us if someone did get into cold water situation and they might need to hang on to something, that is inflatable.

Another key word, buoyancy.

The ability to float in water or another liquid, obviously it's water for, what we're thinking about today but the ability to float, buoyancy.

And again, we'll be thinking what items can help us create buoyancy.

If and if we did ever fall into cold water.

Right, this little experiment of mine, called the cold water effects.

What effects does it have on the body? So here we are with our cold water experiment.

Okay, here I've got in this bowl, some lukewarm water.

And in this in this bowl, I've got a little bit of cold water.

And what I'm going to do is to make it super, super cold.

I'm going to put it in a whole load of ice cubes.

Oh my goodness, that does look cold.

Okay, now what I'm going to do next.

I want you to watch what happens.

And I would like to make a mental note or you could write it down.

Some of the things that I go through in my little experiment here.

So I'm going to place both my hands in this lovely lukewarm water.

No reaction to my body, its nice, feels nice and warm.

I'm getting my hands nice and used to that lovely warm lukewarm water.

I'm then going to plunge them into the freezing cold ice water and we're going to see how long I can put it in there.

But notice what happens, notice any reactions we do.

We'll make a note of it.

Okay, here we go.

Nice and warm, so here I go.

First of all, I gasped, didn't I, okay.

I can feel my breathing getting a little bit faster actually.

Cause it's that cold it really is that cold.

Oh my goodness, I can hardly stand it.

I can feel my heartbeat going as fast as well.

So I've gasped, I can feel my breathing getting faster and my heartbeat and it is that cold.

I really can't cope any longer.

I'm trying to control my breathing now.

Can I control it? Can I put it out of my mind Yeah, I can start to control my breathing, but it starting to really hurt.

I really can't cope much longer.

Cause it is that cold.

That was super cold.

Okay, but did you notice, I gasped, as soon as my hands went into the cold water and I could feel my breathing getting faster and I could feel my heartbeat going, cause it was that cold.

And after a while, I could sort of get my breathing under control, but crikey, I couldn't keep it in there for too long.

And you realise, oh my hands are still freezing the effects.

That's just on my hands.

If I was at my whole body was to fall in an ice cold river or an ice cold I couldn't imagine the feeling of what an effect it would have on me.

So crikey, I really wouldn't want to experience that.

Hopefully that shown you in a little way, what the effects of cold water, even on a pair of hands.

Cold water effects, you saw just from my experiment that even just placing hands in cold water the first thing that happens, you gasp.

The initial panic could even make you breathe in water which could cause you to choke, possibly drown.

The heart rate increases often to about 180 beats a minute, when you, when you fully submerged in cold water this could even affect your heart and cause a heart attack.

After about a minute, and once your breathing is under control, your muscles start to cool down.

So then you have to think, right I need to keep them warm by making them move.

As those muscles cool, they will lose strength, endurance and coordination.

Making it really difficult to swim.

So you can see that cold water has some major effects on our body.

Activity number one, self-rescue, we're going to be thinking about different self-rescue techniques that we can apply if we ever did find ourselves in that really difficult situation.

Okay, what I want you to do now is have a look at that question.

You've fallen into very cold water.

What do you do? I want you to pause the video and have a really good thing about this one.

Try and think, try and picture the scene in your brain.

Okay? What would you do if you fell into really cold water? Okay, what we're going to do now is have a look at what we should do and we'll see if any of those things match up to what you thought you would do if you did fall into cold water.

So here are the self rescue techniques we should actually apply.

If we were ever to fall into a very cold water, let's go through these together.

First things first, we need to try and stay calm.

It's easy to say, but that's really important if we're going to get our breathing back under control.

Try to float on our back.

And there's a reason for that, because we want to keep our airway and our mouth clear of the water as long as possible.

We want to try and gain control of our breathing.

So we take slow deep breaths.

When we're floating on our back, we want to try to scull our way back to the edge.

If not, we could try and tread water and signal for help.

And I'll show you those in a second.

If possible, as I said, we try and scull our way back to the edge.

so we'd swim back to the edge or perhaps to something that's floating and then we might be able to signal for more assistance.

And in the worst case scenario, we'd have to put ourselves in a heat escape lessening position.

Where we try and reduce the amount of heat that's escaping from our bodies.

But that's a sort of a last case scenario cause most of the time, we should be able to get ourselves safely back to the edge.

So, what I'd like you to do now is manoeuvre your chair or stool.

And in the case of I've got a little table I'm going to sit on here.

So let's say you've fallen in and then taken in and had that big gasp and we're starting to panic.

We've got to try and keep calm.

So we try and get ourselves onto our backs, okay? Onto our backs where we can try to start to think about our taking in slow, deep breaths, taking a deep breath start to get the breathing back under control.

We try and push our tummies up because we want to float as on top of the water.

Okay, now sculling is using our hands, to help propel ourselves back to the edge okay.

If we do it gently like this, it sort of keeps us afloat in the ramp position.

If then we take it slightly with our hands to doing like this.

And if you copy that action with your hands that's actually going to help you propel yourself that way back to an edge.

Okay, so it actually will propel us.

So if we do it softly like this, it'll keep us floating.

But if we do it this sculling, it'll help us get back to the edge.

If we were in a slightly deeper water and we were trying to tread water so if it were a bit more upright in the water.

Okay, so the water level's here.

Obviously I wouldn't be sitting on anything.

But this is just to show you what would be happening.

So there I've been pushing down with the water, to keep my head up okay.

And with my legs, there's a few ideas you could use.

You could be doing more cycling kick.

Okay, that would keep our head up above the water treading water on the spot.

We could use a more of a breaststroke leg kick.

That was the one I prefer when I'm treading water.

And I could do that one okay.

Or you could try more of an egg beater mix.

Just anything to keep your body up above the water.

For me, it's the breaststroke leg.

Some people prefer more of a cycling one.

But whatever works for you, to keep your head above the water.

And then when we're treading water, hopefully, as I said I might choose the breast stroke leg one, and with one arm.

I can signal for help.

Remember I'm not waving, cause they might think I'm waving at them.

I'll be signalling and shouting for assistance, help me please, please come and help me.

And I'll be signalling like that.

Treading water, keeping my head above.

In the worst case scenario, and we are trying to help keep our heat in, then we can assume the heat escape lessening position.

And that's when we bring our knees up to our chest we've probably got a buoyancy aid on, we might've been doing some water sports and we're getting a little bit cold waiting for the for the rescue boat.

So we get, bring our knees up to our chest, to keep the heat all together.

And that keeps the heart a little bit warmer, round with the knees.

And again, you can signal for help for this one.

So hopefully that gives you a little flavour of what the self rescue techniques we would use if we did ever get ourselves into that position.

Okay, now we're going to watch a video from Swim England, who put into practise, what we've just been discussing.

Let's watch the video.

[Swim England Instructor] Fall in, float and recover.

People should know how to protect their bodies.

When falling into water unexpectedly this entry protects the head and body by drawing in the arms and legs.

The chin should be tucked into the chest and the head protected with the hands and arms. Once the pupil has resurfaced, they must float on their back, relax and control their breathing.

These skills should be taught in association with cold water shock.

So it shows we were talking about the right things and you can see it being put into practise just there.

We also mentioned the HELP position earlier the heat lessening, heat escape lessening position.

And let's have a look at that now in real life in a swimming pool, again from a video from Swim England.

[Swim England Instructor] Heat Escape, Lessening Position, HELP.

If a pupil is unable to exit the water, the Heat Escape Lessening Position, or HELP reduces heat loss in very cold water, holding a buoyant object such as a float or plastic bottle firmly, Pupil should draw the knees up to the chest keeping the legs pressed together to retain body heat.

The head should stay clear of the water and arms should be held close to the upper body, retaining body heat.

Pupil should keep that body straight and lean slightly backwards.

So there we have it.

They HELP position a last case scenario really for that one but we hold something, hopefully that's floating.

And then we close our knees up, to keep that heat from escaping.

So here's an activity for you.

I would like you to either download the worksheet and then you can fill in the blanks with the words that are in the red box underneath.

If you haven't got access to the printer on the next slide you can press pause where you can then copy out the sentences and place the right words in the right gaps.

Using your knowledge of what we've discussed so far.

Okay, I think it's time for a little physical activity break.

So if you can stand up find yourself a space, and let's get ourselves a little bit active.

Let's get jogging on the spot again team.

Well done, get that blood pumping round the body.

We've been sat looking at the screen, so its important we get moving Let's do some jumps.

Lovely, bend those knees, higher, higher, up really well done.

Let's turn that into some star jumps Super, nice to get the blood pumping round the body.

Super! This time let's go forwards, jump, running backwards, touch the floor forwards, jump, backwards, touch the floor.

Forwards, jump, backwards, touch the floor.

Super, now lets lie down on the floor facing the sky and let's pretend we're in that swimming pool and keeping our legs on the floor.

I would like you to do some leg kick for 30 seconds.

Leg kick, point the toes, let's get those legs moving, like we're in the swimming pool, super! Keep them moving, keep the movement going up and down.

That's it two more seconds of leg kick, lovely and hold it there.

Lets jump over and lets do some burpees to finish off with.

Out, up, out, up, that's it.

I feel better after that and hopefully you do.

And then we can get back to our learning.

Okay, activity number two, design a postcard.

I think you'll really enjoy this.

I would like you to have a think about creating a postcard that you could possibly send to somebody, or hand out to another child, reminding them about what to do if they found themselves in difficulty in very cold water.

So using all the information we've talked about in the lesson so far, all the information you wrote down in your fill in the missing gaps, blank document I would like you to create this postcard.

It's got to have a clear message on it hasn't it? Maybe bullet points as opposed to long writing on it.

So some bullet point key messages, what would you do? Stay afloat, calm the breathing, things like that.

Maybe include some diagrams or pictures and make it nice and colourful.

So we can click resume, or click resume on the next slide where you'll have the outline of the postcards to copy.

I hope your postcards are coming on really well.

We'd love to see a picture of those, if you'd like to send those into Oak National.

If you find yourself in trouble, when in water what should you do? So here are four options.

Would you, flap about waving your arms option one.

Option two, start shouting and screaming.

Option three, blow bubbles in the water or option four keep calm, control your breathing and try and float.

Of course it's option four.

You knew that well done.

Today's section, what have we been focusing on then? Well, we've developed our knowledge of the effects of very cold water.

We've thought about an understanding and developed an understanding of survival and self rescue skills.

And you've been very creative with your postcards.

I hope you've enjoyed today's session learning about what would happen if we fell into cold water, some self-rescue techniques.

And I look forward to seeing you in lesson three, goodbye.