Lesson video

Hello, my name's Mrs. Jones, and I'm really pleased that you've decided to join me for this lesson today.

In this lesson, we will look at the legal and ethical considerations you should take when creating any digital artefact.

So let's get started.

Welcome to today's lesson.

Today's lesson is called Legal and Ethical Considerations in Digital Artefacts, from the unit, Digital Media, and by the end of this lesson, you'll be able to explain the different legal and ethical considerations when planning a digital artefact.

There are four key words to today's lesson.

Copyright.

Copyright is the legal right to control the production and selling of a book, play, film, photograph, or piece of music.

Creative Commons.

Creative Commons are licences that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work.

Misinformation.

Misinformation is fake news shared by mistake by someone who does not know it is fake.

Disinformation.

Disinformation is fake news shared deliberately by someone who knows it is fake.

There are three sections to today's lesson, compare legal considerations, compare ethical considerations, and identify when to apply legal and ethical checks.

So let's start with compare legal considerations.

In any project that is created, you will need to look at the assets required to ensure you are following the law.

Breaking the law can lead to fines, legal action, and even prison time.

The law protects both you and the people you are creating for.

Anyone who has created a unique piece of work has the legal right to control the production of it.

Copyright protects this right.

Copyright applies to any original work, including physical and digital artefacts.

The copyright holder is the person or company who owns the copyright.

You can get permission to use a copyright asset.

This is called a licence.

You should always check if copyright applies to any asset you want to use.

If you are given permission to use a copyright asset, it will be for a specific use or product.

Creative Commons allows you to use an asset, but with specific restrictions.

The copyright owner chooses a licence, and this outlines the specific restrictions on how the asset can be used.

The copyright owner can choose to have a Creative Commons licence and decide what licence is applied to their creation.

The licence can apply to any asset type.

You can see how they look on the right here and the different letters and symbols, which we'll look at now.

The different ones are, you have BY, which means credit must be given to the creator.

You can see that on the top left of those licences on the right image, and you have a little person standing in that icon.

SA stands for, adaptations must be shared under the same terms, and that is the arrow going back towards underneath, you'll see it on the second image on the left.

NC, only non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, and that's represented with the icon of the dollar sign crossed out.

ND, no derivatives or adaptations of the work are permitted, and that is the symbol on the right you'll see as the equal sign.

Let's have a quick check.

Select the licence restrictions shown.

See the image there.

Which ones are being shown? Is it, A, adaptations must be shared under the same terms, B, no derivatives or adaptations of the work are permitted, C, credit must be given to the creator, D, only non-commercial uses of the work are permitted? Pause the video, consider your answer, and then I'll go through it.

Let's check your answer.

The answers were, B, no derivatives or adaptations of the work are permitted, credit must be given to the creator, C, and, D, only non-commercial uses of the work are permitted.

Well done if you got those correct.

If you are creating a product that will collect personal information, you have to consider the Data Protection Act 2018.

It protects how data is gathered, stored, and used.

This includes websites, apps, and games where profiles are created and the areas of the Data Protection Act 2018 are: must be fairly and lawfully processed, for specified and lawful purposes, adequate, relevant, and not excessive, accurate and up to date, not kept longer than necessary, right to see and correct data held, and held securely and not transferred.

And those are all the principles around how data should be protected by anyone who is collecting, so gathering, storing, or using any data.

Let's do an activity, and you'll need your worksheet.

Complete the table to compare the different legal considerations when creating a digital artefact.

You have the legal consideration on the left, copyright, Creative Commons, and Data Protection Act 2018.

You need to describe each one of those and also where it applies.

Pause the video, go back through the slides, use your worksheet, and then we'll go through the answers.

Let's check your answers.

Copyright.

The description for copyright is anyone who has created a unique piece of work has the legal right to control the production of it.

Copyright protects this right.

Where does it apply? It applies to any original work, including physical and digital artefacts.

Creative Commons.

The description is, Creative Commons allows you to use an asset, but with specific restrictions.

The copyright owner chooses a licence, and this outlines the specific restrictions on how the asset can be used.

Where does it apply? It can apply to any digital artefact.

Data Protection Act 2018.

The description, if you are creating a product that will collect personal information, you have to consider the Data Protection Act 2018.

It protects how data is gathered, stored, and used.

Where does it apply? It includes websites, apps, and games where profiles are created.

Well done if you got those correct.

Let's move on to the second part of today's lesson, Compare ethical considerations.

Ethical considerations are like our moral compasses when we consider whether something is fair and right.

Ethical considerations go beyond the law.

They are about your values and principles.

You should check that the asset you are using is not biassed.

Bias means a one-sided viewpoint.

Does it promote stereotypes, discriminate against groups, or promote inappropriate viewpoints? Assets should be inclusive and free from bias.

You should check that the asset is not offering misinformation or disinformation.

Misinformation is fake news spread by mistake by someone who does not know it is fake news, disinformation is fake news that is spread deliberately, and assets should give true information.

Let's have a quick check.

Select the definition of misinformation.

Is it, A, a one-sided viewpoint, B, fake news spread deliberately, C, fake news spread by mistake, or, D, fact-based news spread by mistake? Pause the video, go back through the slides, consider your answer, and then we'll check it.

Let's check your answer.

The answer was C, fake news spread by mistake.

Well done if you got that correct.

You should check that the asset is inclusive.

Inclusive means accessible by all.

This could mean considering how those with disabilities can access the digital artefact.

An example could be considering the colours used so they work for someone who is colorblind.

An asset should be accessible, so consider how all users are going to interact with it.

You should check that the asset is not harmful.

It should not cause any emotional stress, promote inappropriate activities, or endanger people.

Assets should not be harmful or promote harm.

Let's do an activity, and you'll need your worksheet.

Complete the table to compare the different ethical considerations when creating a digital artefact.

You have a table with the consideration on the left, and we have bias, misinformation, disinformation, inclusive, and harmful.

You need to complete the table with a description and complete the sentence, "Assets should," within the final column.

Pause the video, go back through the slides, use your worksheet, and then we'll check your answers.

Let's check your answers.

Bias.

Having a one-sided viewpoint, promoting stereotypes, or discriminating against groups.

Assets should be inclusive and free from bias.

Misinformation.

Fake news spread by mistake by someone who does not know it is fake news.

Assets should share true information.

Disinformation.

Fake news spread deliberately.

Assets should share true information.

Inclusive.

Accessible by all, considering how those with disabilities can access the digital artefact.

Assets should be accessible so all users can interact with them.

Harmful.

Must not cause any emotional stress, promote inappropriate activities, or endanger people.

Assets should not be harmful or promote harm.

Well done if you got those correct.

Let's move on to the last part of today's lesson, Identify when to apply legal and ethical checks.

When looking for assets, you need to think of legal and ethical considerations.

This work can be documented in an asset table.

An asset table needs the following details: what the asset is, what type of asset is it, the source, legal considerations, ethical considerations, and how you will use it.

Let's have a quick check.

What should be included in an asset table? Is it, A, source, B, software, C, legal considerations, or D, use? There's more than one answer.

Pause the video, consider your answer, and then we'll check it.

Let's check your answers.

The answers were, C, legal considerations, A, source, and D, use.

Well done if you got those correct.

Aisha asks, "How would the asset table look?" And here we have a table example.

You have the asset and type, the source, legal, ethical, and use.

And we have an example in here, we have an image that has been found and the image is in there.

The source, which is the URL of where that image was found.

What legal considerations are there? It states it's a copyright-free image.

Is there any ethical considerations? None on this one.

And what are we going to use it for? A restaurant menu showing desserts.

Aisha asks, "I want an asset for a product on hacking.

I found this one on a copyright-free website.

What else should I consider?" It's a really good question.

Well, the hacker in this image is male, and wears a hoodie.

Is this ethically correct? A hacker can be anyone, and the image promotes a stereotype that it's a man.

Aisha asks, "Well, what would be a better image to use?" Well, better images do not feature a particular person, but share the seriousness of the crime.

For example, you could show crime scene tape, or focus on one aspect of hacking, such as stealing passwords.

Let's do an activity.

Complete the asset table with any legal or ethical considerations.

You've got two images here.

You have the source given to you, and you also know where it's going to be used, so complete the legal and ethical considerations.

Pause the video, use your worksheet, go back through the slides, and then we'll go through the answers.

Let's check your answers.

The first image is copyright-free, it's labelled on the image, so it's okay to use, but ethical considerations, well, the illustration uses a man and promotes a stereotype, so we should not use it.

The second image, well, it's an unknown source of where it is, so we do not know where the image is originally from, and it could be a copyright image, so we cannot use it, but there's no ethical considerations on this one.

Well done if you got those correct.

In summary, any project that is created will need to look at the assets required to ensure you are following the law.

Breaking the law can lead to fines, legal action, and even prison time.

The law protects both you and the people you are creating for.

You should check copyright, Creative Commons licences, and data protection.

You should also check for bias, misinformation, disinformation, inclusivity, and whether an asset promotes harm.

An asset table helps you to consider legal and ethical considerations when using assets in creating digital artefacts.

Well done for completing this lesson on legal and ethical considerations in creating digital artefacts.