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GIS Tectonics vid 1
Key Stage 4
Year 10
Geography
This video guide is going to demonstrate how we can use 3D SCENE to visualise different plate margins. This typical Working View of SCENE enables us to explore the elevation detail of all the land masses, because the data is built in to do that. But what we've added to this is a new layer, which we can see in Layer Manager of bathymetry data. And it's organised by an international collaboration called Seabed 2030, including a group called GEBCO. And if we float over the layer, we can see it says, it's a bit of a mouthful really, Global TopoBathy Elevation, which means it's bathymetry data, showing the elevation of the sea floor. And we've chose to add the layer that's got the 3. 5 times Vertical Exaggeration, because it just makes the profiles in the bathymetry easier for us to see. However, this does mean that the elevation measures are all multiplied by 3. 5. So, we need to bear that in mind, if we're looking at the elevation numbers for heights above or below sea level. This particular presentation will be available as additional materials. But for the task, there'll be a simpler version of this, which you can use to do those tasks. And you can also work within it as well, if you wish to do so. The other thing to add is that you can use this presentation, work with it, whether you're logged onto ArcGIS online or not. So, let's switch to Presentation Mode to have a look at these slides. So, we start with a Global View, and you can see that the plates are labelled. There's a layer for plates and a layer for the margins in bluey-purple colour. As we turn the world around, you'll see others labelled. And there's one anomaly, which is the 180 degree line. Don't think that's a plate margin, it isn't. So, we bring the world back around to the Atlantic, because that's where we're gonna look at an exemplar of a constructive plate margin, diverging plates. And we're looking in particular at the line down the middle of the Atlantic, which is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent plate margin, or a constructive plate margin, where plates are moving apart. So, to the west, the North American Plate, for example, is moving away from the Eurasian Plate to the east. And as we zoom in, we can see how the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is labelled, along most of its course on the ocean's layer. The red line you can see is the first of four transects we'll take across different plate margins. So, that will help us to generate an Elevation Profile across the Earth's crust at that place. And when you zoom down to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, you see that the sea floor isn't smooth at all. It's actually a whole lot of basically underwater mountains, many of which are volcanoes or ex-volcanoes. And the bathymetry layer shows that particularly well. So, let's generate a transect across this ridge. To do that, we need to dip out of Presentation Mode and go back to the original format. And we'll just close the Slide Manager. And then we go to the Scene Tools, which is this spanner symbol over here on the right hand side. We click that once. And then we look for the Elevation Profile tool, which is the fourth one along. It looks like this. If we click that, it opens a panel, and it's asking us to generate a elevation profile. If you just switch off these two, Line and Layers, and then we're going to select the line, we're gonna select that transect. So, we say we're gonna Select the line. It knows we want to select the line. You'll see a cross appears here. That's a signal that it knows. And it's as simple as this. You just literally click on the line and an Elevation Profile is generated across that transect. So, we need to think about what's happening along this transect, and we can do so, by moving the cursor across the Elevation Profile. As soon as I go onto it, you can see it's showing me where I am along the transect. And notice as well, that the height is actually negative territory. We're dealing with the depths of the ocean here. And what we see if we move across the transect, you watch that little orange dot, the sea floor rises. So, the sea is a little bit shallower, quite a lot shallower, as you move toward the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. And that's because there are these mountains around the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, many of which are volcanoes or ex-volcanoes. And what you'll notice right in the middle of the ridge, if I just move the cursor to the end, there's a kind of gash in the middle. And that's where the two plates are moving apart. And there's a rift right down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, all the way down the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. What this means, of course, is that what we see to the west of the ridge is the North American Plate actually being formed and moving off towards the west. And what we see on the eastern side of the ridge is the Eurasian Plate with material being added to it, from the mantel in the form of magma that reaches the surface of the crust, which of course, is the sea floor. And that becomes new crust and moves off the Eurasian Plate.
GIS Tectonics vid 1
Key Stage 4
Year 10
Geography
This video guide is going to demonstrate how we can use 3D SCENE to visualise different plate margins. This typical Working View of SCENE enables us to explore the elevation detail of all the land masses, because the data is built in to do that. But what we've added to this is a new layer, which we can see in Layer Manager of bathymetry data. And it's organised by an international collaboration called Seabed 2030, including a group called GEBCO. And if we float over the layer, we can see it says, it's a bit of a mouthful really, Global TopoBathy Elevation, which means it's bathymetry data, showing the elevation of the sea floor. And we've chose to add the layer that's got the 3. 5 times Vertical Exaggeration, because it just makes the profiles in the bathymetry easier for us to see. However, this does mean that the elevation measures are all multiplied by 3. 5. So, we need to bear that in mind, if we're looking at the elevation numbers for heights above or below sea level. This particular presentation will be available as additional materials. But for the task, there'll be a simpler version of this, which you can use to do those tasks. And you can also work within it as well, if you wish to do so. The other thing to add is that you can use this presentation, work with it, whether you're logged onto ArcGIS online or not. So, let's switch to Presentation Mode to have a look at these slides. So, we start with a Global View, and you can see that the plates are labelled. There's a layer for plates and a layer for the margins in bluey-purple colour. As we turn the world around, you'll see others labelled. And there's one anomaly, which is the 180 degree line. Don't think that's a plate margin, it isn't. So, we bring the world back around to the Atlantic, because that's where we're gonna look at an exemplar of a constructive plate margin, diverging plates. And we're looking in particular at the line down the middle of the Atlantic, which is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent plate margin, or a constructive plate margin, where plates are moving apart. So, to the west, the North American Plate, for example, is moving away from the Eurasian Plate to the east. And as we zoom in, we can see how the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is labelled, along most of its course on the ocean's layer. The red line you can see is the first of four transects we'll take across different plate margins. So, that will help us to generate an Elevation Profile across the Earth's crust at that place. And when you zoom down to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, you see that the sea floor isn't smooth at all. It's actually a whole lot of basically underwater mountains, many of which are volcanoes or ex-volcanoes. And the bathymetry layer shows that particularly well. So, let's generate a transect across this ridge. To do that, we need to dip out of Presentation Mode and go back to the original format. And we'll just close the Slide Manager. And then we go to the Scene Tools, which is this spanner symbol over here on the right hand side. We click that once. And then we look for the Elevation Profile tool, which is the fourth one along. It looks like this. If we click that, it opens a panel, and it's asking us to generate a elevation profile. If you just switch off these two, Line and Layers, and then we're going to select the line, we're gonna select that transect. So, we say we're gonna Select the line. It knows we want to select the line. You'll see a cross appears here. That's a signal that it knows. And it's as simple as this. You just literally click on the line and an Elevation Profile is generated across that transect. So, we need to think about what's happening along this transect, and we can do so, by moving the cursor across the Elevation Profile. As soon as I go onto it, you can see it's showing me where I am along the transect. And notice as well, that the height is actually negative territory. We're dealing with the depths of the ocean here. And what we see if we move across the transect, you watch that little orange dot, the sea floor rises. So, the sea is a little bit shallower, quite a lot shallower, as you move toward the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. And that's because there are these mountains around the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, many of which are volcanoes or ex-volcanoes. And what you'll notice right in the middle of the ridge, if I just move the cursor to the end, there's a kind of gash in the middle. And that's where the two plates are moving apart. And there's a rift right down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, all the way down the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. What this means, of course, is that what we see to the west of the ridge is the North American Plate actually being formed and moving off towards the west. And what we see on the eastern side of the ridge is the Eurasian Plate with material being added to it, from the mantel in the form of magma that reaches the surface of the crust, which of course, is the sea floor. And that becomes new crust and moves off the Eurasian Plate.