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Lesson details

Learning outcome

I can learn a melodic theme, using notation to support me.

Key learning points

  1. You can usually recognise aspects of the original theme when you listen to a variation.
  2. When composing variations, composers might change the rhythm, the melody or the tonality of the theme.
  3. A glockenspiel is played with mallets and the best sound is achieved when striking the centre of the bar.
  4. We can play a theme accurately using pitch and rhythm notation.

Keywords

  • Theme - a short, recognisable melody that is the main musical idea for a composition

  • Variation - when a musical theme is repeated with changes

  • Glockenspiel - a tuned percussion instrument with metal bars. Glocken is a German word that means bells and spiel means to play

  • Mallet - the musical name for the beaters with which you play the glockenspiel

Common misconception

Theme and variation structure only applies to orchestral music.

A musical structure can apply to any style of music.

Teacher tip

Pupils should hold mallets loosely in the hand, playing in the very centre of the bar so that the mallet ‘bounces’ off the bar. This allows the metal to resonate and create a ringing sound. If the mallet is ‘pushed’ into the bar, it muffles the note, resulting in a less satisfactory sound.

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
(Collection 2).

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