the net movement of water molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a concentrated one

a measure of how much matter something contains, in grams

a variable which is kept constant between all experiments

Effect of osmosis and sugar concentration on the mass of plant tissue: practical

Biology

Effect of osmosis and sugar concentration on the mass of plant tissue: analysis

Using a microscope to observe effects of osmosis in plant cells: practical

The importance of maintaining constant conditions in the body

The importance of maintaining constant conditions in the body, including osmosis

The role of the skin in thermoregulation

The role of the nervous system in thermoregulation

Controlling water balance: the kidneys, and nephron structure

The roles of the nervous and endocrine systems in controlling water balance

Pupils will learn about factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis in plants, including temperature, light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration.

Pupils learned how substances essential for chemical reactions, and the products of the reactions, are transported into, around and out of plants, and about factors affecting the rate of water uptake by a plant.

This unit covers the importance of maintaining a constant internal environment, focusing on body temperature control, osmotic balance, and kidney function. It explains the roles of the skin, kidneys, and ADH, and emphasises data extraction, experiment techniques, and accurate data interpretation.

Coordination and control: maintaining a constant internal environment

causes results to differ by different amounts due to a factor other than the independent variable (the factor we changed)

a difference in the concentration of particles from one area to another

an instrument that uses visible light and lenses to magnify viewed objects

a membrane that will only allow some substances through and not others

the net movement of water molecules from high to low concentration through a selectively-permeable membrane

a cell which is swollen with water and firm

a cell which has lost a lot of water and is soft and limp

a protein that acts as a biological catalyst

the optimal internal temperature of our body, which is about 37°C

the regulation of the internal conditions to maintain optimum conditions for enzyme action and all cell functions

effectors and effects that work against each other

a protein which acts as a biological catalyst

the net movement of water molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from high to low concentration of water molecules

The narrowing of blood vessels, reducing blood flow through them.

A material that transfers energy by conduction very slowly or not at all.

The process of emitting energy, often in the form of infrared waves, from an object.

The widening of blood vessels, increasing blood flow through them.

senses a change in the environment, such as a change in temperature

part of the brain that controls our internal environment, including water balance and body temperature

a muscle or gland that carries out a response

a waste product created in the process of breaking down excess proteins and amino acids

the liquid part of the blood which contains dissolved nutrients and waste products

the organ in the excretory system which filters waste products from blood plasma and controls water balance

the organ system responsible for removing waste from blood plasma

a combination of waste urea, water and other substances which is stored in the bladder until urinated

Part of the brain that controls our internal environment, including water balance and body temperature.

An organ or tissue that produces and secretes substances, such as hormones.

A chemical substance produced by a gland that travels in the bloodstream to a specific target organ.

Anti-diuretic hormone, secreted by the pituitary gland, which increases the permeability of the kidney tubules.

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Coordination and control: maintaining a constant internal environment

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