the branch of science concerned with the physical structures of the body

the study of how the human body works or functions

a combination of the muscular and skeletal system comprising of muscles, bones, joints and connective tissues

the structural frame that supports the body and is made up by a collection of bones

The functions of the skeleton

Physical education

Classification of bones applied to performance in physical activities and sports

Classification of joints

Movements possible at different joints

Types of muscle and muscle fibre

Voluntary muscles and antagonistic pairs

This unit will examine the structure and function of both the skeletal and the muscular systems. It includes locating major bones and muscles before defining and analysing what movements are possible at different joints.

Anatomy and physiology: the musculoskeletal system

a small bone that is used for weight bearing

a large bone that is used for leverage and movement

a bone that protects a vital organ and provides a flat surface for muscle attachment

a bone shaped to provide protection and muscle attachment

an area where two or more bones meet within a joint capsule and allow a wide range of movement to occur

fluid secreted by the synovial membrane which lubricates the joint

a tough, elastic, fibrous connective tissue that covers the ends of bones to prevent wear and tear

a short band of tough and flexible tissue connecting bone to bone to stabilise the joint

a tough yet flexible band of fibrous tissue which joins muscle to bone

a bending movement around a joint (decreasing the angle)

a straightening movement around a joint (increasing the angle)

moving a limb away from the midline of the body

moving a limb towards the midline of the body

when something is under our conscious control

when something is not under our conscious control

a type I muscle fibre type with slow speed and low force of contraction

a type II muscle fibre with a fast speed and high force of contraction

the muscle or group of muscles responsible for the movement

the muscle that works in the opposite way of the agonist

pairs of muscles that work together to bring about movement. As one muscle contracts (agonist) the other relaxes (antagonist)

strong, flexible tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Anatomy and physiology: the musculoskeletal system

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