New
New
Year 9

How far have we made progress on equality in the UK?

I can explain how the absence of laws in the past allowed inequality to happen and how the introduction of new laws has helped create a fairer society.

New
New
Year 9

How far have we made progress on equality in the UK?

I can explain how the absence of laws in the past allowed inequality to happen and how the introduction of new laws has helped create a fairer society.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. When people treat others less favourably because of their prejudices, this is discrimination.
  2. In the past, people were often treated unequally, but there were no laws in place to protect people from discrimination.
  3. Some discriminative actions, e.g., being punished for one's sexuality, were once treated as criminal offences.
  4. Many people have raised awareness and pushed for positive change.
  5. The law has gradually shifted to ensure greater protection for everyone, e.g., the Equality Act 2010.

Keywords

  • Discrimination - treating people unfairly or differently because of things like their race, gender, or where they come from, instead of treating everyone equally

  • Inequality - when things are not fair or equal for everyone

Common misconception

Discrimination in the past was not as harmful because people did not know any better.

Even though discrimination was accepted in the past, it still caused real harm. People lost rights, faced unfair treatment and suffered. Increased awareness led to campaigns and laws being made to protect people's rights.


To help you plan your year 9 citizenship lesson on: How far have we made progress on equality in the UK?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Encourage pupils to think critically about how laws reflect society's values. Ask them to consider how the absence of laws in the past allowed inequality to thrive and how today's laws aim to protect everyone's rights.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of peer pressure or bullying
  • Depiction or discussion of mental health issues
  • Depiction or discussion of sexual content

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following is an example of discrimination?
giving everyone the same opportunities regardless of background
Correct answer: treating someone unfairly because of their gender
offering equal pay for equal work
allowing everyone to speak freely
Q2.
Complete the sentence by filling in the correct word: In the past, people were not treated equally because of their characteristics. It was not against the , so there was nothing to prevent it.
Correct Answer: law
Q3.
Why is the Equality Act 2010 important?
it made it legal for people to discriminate based on their race
Correct answer: it protects people from discrimination due to their characteristics
it only protects people from racial discrimination
it allowed companies to ignore unfair treatment of their workers
Q4.
Complete this sentence: Discrimination in the past...
Correct answer: was just as harmful and impactful on people then as it is now
was not as bad because people did not know any better
and was not wrong because it was not against the law
Correct answer: and has taught us why equal rights for everyone are so important
Q5.
Match each law to what it helped change in society.
Correct Answer:Equality Act 2010,protects people from all discrimination and inequality

protects people from all discrimination and inequality

Correct Answer:Equal Pay Act 1970,ensured same wages for men and women for the same job

ensured same wages for men and women for the same job

Correct Answer:Disability Discrimination Act 1995,helped protect those with disabilities in employment

helped protect those with disabilities in employment

Q6.
Rearrange the words to create a sentence about equality legislation.
1 - Equality
2 - laws
3 - have
4 - improved
5 - to
6 - protect
7 - everyone

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
Match the word to its correct definition.
Correct Answer:equality,the right of everyone to receive the same treatment

the right of everyone to receive the same treatment

Correct Answer:inequality,when people are not treated fairly or equally

when people are not treated fairly or equally

Correct Answer:discrimination,treating people unfairly or differently due to their characteristics

treating people unfairly or differently due to their characteristics

Q2.
Which of the following actions was considered a crime in the UK in the early 1900s, but no longer is?
not paying taxes
Correct answer: being in a same-sex relationship
stealing someone else's property
killing another person
Q3.
Put these events in the correct chronological order.
1 - abolition of discriminatory laws towards people based on sexuality
2 - introduction of the most recent Equality Act
3 - legalisation of same-sex marriage in the UK
Q4.
In the past, there were no laws to protect people from based on their sexuality. This lack of protection allowed inequality to happen.
Correct Answer: discrimination
Q5.
Order the events in chronological order.
1 - Alan Turing's conviction for homosexuality
2 - online petition to pardon Turing
3 - Turing’s posthumous pardon
4 - the passing of Turing's Law
Q6.
What was the official title of Turing's Law, which granted posthumous Royal Pardons for all those criminalised for homosexuality?
Equality Act
Right to Sexuality Law
Human Rights Act
Correct answer: Policing and Crime Act