New
New
Year 11

Creating an autonomous vehicle

I can synchronise components and systems.

New
New
Year 11

Creating an autonomous vehicle

I can synchronise components and systems.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. LEDs can be used for lighting, signals or effects.
  2. Multiple outputs can be controlled sequentially.
  3. Code can be used to synchronise systems through logic and timing.
  4. Modular code can be used to improve system management.

Keywords

  • Vehicle - a machine used for transporting people or goods

  • Autonomous - something that operates independently without human intervention

  • Synchronise - when two or more things work together in a certain way

Common misconception

The microcontroller controls all systems at the same time.

In reality, most microcontrollers execute code sequentially, one line at a time. It may appear that microcontrollers are doing many things at once, but they’re actually switching between tasks quickly or handling them step by step.


To help you plan your year 11 computing lesson on: Creating an autonomous vehicle, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Files needed for this lesson

  • L6TaskBActivity3aSolutionV2 931 B (PY)
  • L6TaskBActivity3eSolutionV2 2.93 KB (PY)
  • L6TaskBActivity3bSolutionV2 931 B (PY)
  • L6TaskBActivity3dSolutionV2 2.82 KB (PY)
  • L6TaskBActivity3cSolutionV2 2.41 KB (PY)

Download these files to use in the lesson.

Encourage learners to build and test each system (LEDs, motors, sensors) one at a time, then gradually combine them using modular functions. Reinforce success at each stage before moving on.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Raspberry Pi Pico, jumper wires, previous project materials and electronics including a buggy chassis, resistors, LEDs and Thonny software.

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
What do ultrasonic sensors use to measure distance?

Correct answer: sound waves
water waves
light beams
magnetic fields

Q2.
What is the role of a sensor in a system?

stores information long-term
powers the system
Correct answer: detects or measures a physical property
controls the speed of sound

Q3.
Which formula is used by ultrasonic sensors to calculate distance?

distance = mass × acceleration
distance = area × width
distance = volume × density
Correct answer: distance = time × speed of sound

Q4.
What device receives data from sensors to make decisions?

Correct Answer: microcontroller

Q5.
What colour of surface reflects more infrared light?

Correct Answer: white

Q6.
Match each action with its purpose:

Correct Answer:emit infrared light,help detect surface contrast

help detect surface contrast

Correct Answer:send data to microcontroller,enable decision-making

enable decision-making

Correct Answer:calculate distance,work out how far away something is

work out how far away something is

Correct Answer:detect less reflection,identify dark surfaces

identify dark surfaces

Assessment exit quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
What is one common use for LEDs in a system?

measuring temperature
storing data
producing sound
Correct answer: lighting and signalling

Q2.
How can multiple outputs be controlled in a system?

all at the same time, always
by changing the power supply
Correct answer: sequentially, one after another
only using manual switches

Q3.
What is the term for a system that operates independently without human help?

Correct Answer: autonomous

Q4.
Put these steps in order for synchronising LED outputs on a buggy:

1 - write code for each LED
2 - test each LED separately
3 - combine code for all LEDs
4 - run the full system and observe synchronisation

Q5.
What is the term for code that is organised into separate, manageable sections to improve system management?

Correct Answer: modular

Q6.
What does modular code help with in a system?

making the code longer
slowing down the system
Correct answer: managing and organising different parts
removing all outputs

Additional material

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